1. Egypt: The Gift of the Nile

2. Nile River: Longest in world 4,100 miles Moves NORTH Floods each September leaving “black soil”

3. River allowed a FOOD surplus… made Egypt rich Transportation & Communication easy

4. Source is Lake Victoria

5. Egypt’s geography protected her from invaders – Deserts – Seas – Cataracts

7. MOUTH OF RIVER= THE DELTA

8. Unlike Mesopotamia, the Nile UNIFIED Egypt for 3,000 years Life STABLE; River dependable

10. Egyptians confident about future. Nile = a “god” who cared about their well-being. Rituals were observed to keep gods happy

11. History: 6,000 BC: – Egyptians lived in farming villages 3,200 BC: – come into contact w/ Mesopotamia Trade Perhaps borrowed ideas about writing from Mesopotamia

12. 3100 BC : King Menes unites lower and upper kingdoms - Builds capital, Memphis *

14. Menes began a DYNASTY Ancient Egypt had 28 dynasties over 3,000 years

15. Egyptian History is divided into 3 periods Old, Middle, and New Kingdom--- in between are periods of chaos.

16. OLD Kingdom 2700-2200 BC Prosperity, splendor Age of Pharaohs “great House” Were GODS Egypt’s destiny= his responsibility

17. KA ruled even after death Tomb more important than palace Built by peasants, not slaves 2 million bricks, each about 2 tons each!

18. http://www.ancientegypt.co.uk /mummies/story/page2.html Mummification?

20. Old Kingdom ends w/ the “First Illness” 2180-2080 BC Civil war Power goes to local rulers Change in climate?

21. Middle Kingdom 2080-1640 Capital moved to THEBES PUBLIC WORKS PROJECTS.. To improve trade/farming Dikes, temples, canals… PHARAOH CARES ABOUT COMMON PEOPLE

22. Ordinary people plan for their eternal life, too.

23. 2 nd illness Civil war HYKSOS attack, rule for 70 years

25. Egypt learns how to make bronze weapons Use chariots, new bows Spinning and weaving

26. Queen Ahhotep/ Pharaoh Kamose Drive Hyskos out, back to Palestine