1. Anthropometric Assessment Systems
BPK303
Anthropometric Assessment Systems
Spring 2014

2. Anthropometric Assessments
Comparison of Anthropometric measures to normative data.
Measures intended to reflect growth and/or body composition.
Reliable measurement of standardized techniques essential.
Appropriate norms?

3. C.F.S. - Canada Fitness Survey 1981 Canadian Fitness and Lifestyle Research Institute
The 1981 Canada Fitness Survey was the first nationally representative study of the physical recreation habits, physical fitness, and health status of an entire population.
More than 23,000 Canadians aged 7 and older participated in this historic survey, providing baseline data representing all Canadians except the 3% not living in households.
The anthropometric and performance data was then used as the normative data for the Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness

4. C.S.T.F. Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness Performance Tests
Step test, grip strength, push ups, sit ups, sit and reach.
Anthropometric Assessment consisted of:
% body Fat determined by the Durnin & Womersley equations based upon the sum of 4 skinfolds (Triceps, Subscapular, Biceps, and Iliac Crest)

5. Durnin & Womersley (1974) Density = a (log10Sum 4 SF) + c
Sum of Triceps, Subscapular, Biceps, and Iliac Crest Skinfolds
a & c dependent upon age and gender specific equations
British sample measured on the left side of the body
% Fat = (4.95/Density)-4.5) x 100
Problems encountered by C.S.T.F.
Overpredicts by 3 - 5% Fat
Upper body sites

6. C.S.T.F. Canadian Standardized Test of Fitness
Revised Anthropometric Assessment included:
Body Mass Index
Sum 5 Skinfolds
Sum Trunk Skinfolds
Waist to hip girth ratio

7. C.P.A.F.L.A. The Canadian Physical Activity, Fitness & Lifestyle Approach
Modification of the C.S.T.F.
Change in style – Rather than using Health Risk Zones, Health Benefit Zones were identified
Anthropometric Assessment includes:
Body Mass Index (BMI)
Sum of Five Skinfolds (mm) (SO5S)
Waist Girth (cm) (WG)
Sum of Two Trunk Skinfolds (mm) (SO2S)
C.P.A.F.L.A. taught in Kin 343
Why are some of the techniques for skinfolds in Kin 303 and Kin 343 different?

8. Health Benefit Zones By Age and Gender For Body Weight, Adiposity and Fat Distribution Measurements
Male
(15-19 yrs)
Female
(20-29 yrs)
BMI
19-24
20-25
SO5S
(mm)
31-47
46-69
32-58
46-72 WG
(cm)
67- 88
61- 81
71-93
61-81
SO2S
11-24
13-29
13-32
13-36

9. Determination of Health Benefit Zones – Scoring of Body Composition Assessments
BMI healthy and SO5S healthy
8 points
BMI unhealthy and SO5S healthy
BMI healthy and SO5S unhealthy
3 points
BMI unhealthy and SO5S unhealthy
0 points
WG healthy and SO2S healthy
WG healthy and SO2S unhealthy
4 points
WG unhealthy and SO2S unhealthy
2 points
WG unhealthy and SO2S healthy

10. 16 points Excellent 12 points Very Good 7-11 points Good 4-5 points
Determination of Health Benefit Zones – Corresponding Health Benefit Zones for Healthy Body Composition
16 points
Excellent
12 points
Very Good
7-11 points
Good
4-5 points
Fair
0-3 points
Needs Improvement

11. Table 6-7: HEALTH BENEFIT ZONES FOR BODY COMPOSITION
Excellent
Your body composition falls within a range that is generally associated with optimal health benefits.
Very Good
Your body composition falls within a range that is generally associated with considerable health benefits.
Good
Your body composition falls within a range that is generally associated with many health benefits.
Fair
Your body composition falls within a range that is generally associated with some health risk. Continuing to progress from here into the GOOD zone will further increase the health benefits associated with your body composition.
Needs Improvement
Your body composition falls within a range that is generally associated with considerable health risk. Try to achieve and maintain a healthy body composition by enjoying regular physical activity and healthy eating. Progressing from here into the FAIR zone is a very significant step to increasing the health benefits associated with your body composition.

12. CSEP-PATH 2013 Physical Activity Training for Health
Skinfolds removed
Waist Girth definition changed

13. Advanced O-SCALE System
for individual physique assessment

14. Developed to fill a need
% body fat predictions have unacceptably high S.E.E.’s
Individual assessments vs group validation
Designed with the expectation of becoming obsolete very soon

15. Components Anthropometric measures Geometric scaling
General appraisal of physique
Detailed appraisal

16. STANINE chosen for O-SCALE system based upon number of categories and equal width of categories
Stanine Category 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Percentage of Normal Distribution within Category 4% 7%
12%
17%
20%
Boundary Z-Scores
-1.75
-1.25
-0.75
-0.25
+0.25
+0.75
+1.25
+1.75
Boundary Percentiles 11 23 40 60 77 89 96

17. General description of physique
Adiposity rating based on skinfolds
Proportional weight rating
Stanine scores
equal width of categories
nine categories seemed appropriate

18. Adiposity Rating Proportional Sum of six skinfolds
Sum 6 SF * (170.18/Ht)
Comparison to age and sex specific norms via stanine scale

19. Females
23 year old female
Prop. Sum of 6 skinfolds
= 79.4
Adiposity (A) rating = 3

20. Proportional Weight Rating
WT * (170.18/HT)3
Comparison to age and sex specific norms via stanine scale

21. Females

22. A & W Ratings A = 7, W = 7, - Balanced physique
A = 7, W = 5, - Adiposity dominant
A = 5, W = 7, - Weight dominant

24. Detailed Description of Physique
Listing of all measures with 4th, 50th & 95th percentiles
Proportionality profiles
z-values plotted vs similarly scaled norm values

35. MALE

38. GAMMA

39. THETA

40. THETA

41. KIN-Scale Differences from O-SCALE system Normative Database:
Proportional Values rather than z-values:
Skinfold-adjusted Forearm Girth:
Scaling Height is 170cm rather than cm:
Detailed Description of Physique does not require Computer Software:
C.P.A.F.L.A. Indices shown as percentile charts based upon KIN-Scale norms

42. Fall 2012 students W Rating A Rating Balanced 20 (23.8%)
W Rating
Total 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 %
A Rating
3.6 10
11.9
4.8 19
22.6 13
15.5 11
13.1
1.2 18 15 22 84
6.0
8.3
21.4
17.9
26.2
10.7
Balanced
20 (23.8%)
Weight Dominant
33 (39.3%)
Adiposity Dominant
31 (36.9%)

43. A – W Difference indicates relative Musculo-Skeletal Development
5 - 2
4 - 2
4 -8

44. 5 - 2 4 - 2 4 - 8 Muscularity Upper Arm Forearm Thigh Calf Muscularity
Upper Arm
19.4
19.1
19.6
19.9
20.4
20.8
21.0
21.5
21.9
22.2
22.3
22.6
23.0
23.2
23.4
23.6
24.2
24.8
25.5
26.8
Forearm
19.7
20.0
20.2
20.5
21.2
21.4
21.6
21.8
22.0
22.4
22.7
23.9
Thigh
42.0
43.2
44.4
45.7
46.8
47.4
48.0
48.5
49.0
49.3
49.9
50.5
51.1
51.7
52.2
53.0
53.7
54.7
55.7
57.9
Calf
29.0
28.2
29.4
29.7
30.1
30.5
31.0
31.3
31.6
32.0
32.5
32.6
33.0
33.2
33.6
34.2
34.7
35.3
36.5
4 - 2
Muscularity
Upper Arm
22.4
19.1
19.6
19.9
20.4
20.8
21.0
21.5
21.9
22.2
22.3
22.6
23.0
23.2
23.4
23.6
24.2
24.8
25.5
26.8
Forearm
21.1
19.7
20.0
20.2
20.5
21.2
21.4
21.6
21.8
22.0
22.7
23.9
Thigh
45.2
43.2
44.4
45.7
46.8
47.4
48.0
48.5
49.0
49.3
49.9
50.5
51.1
51.7
52.2
53.0
53.7
54.7
55.7
57.9
Calf
30.8
28.2
29.0
29.4
29.7
30.1
30.5
31.0
31.3
31.6
32.0
32.5
32.6
33.0
33.2
33.6
34.2
34.7
35.3
36.5
4 - 8
Muscularity
Upper Arm
23.8
19.1
19.6
19.9
20.4
20.8
21.0
21.5
21.9
22.2
22.3
22.6
23.0
23.2
23.4
23.6
24.2
24.8
25.5
26.8
Forearm
19.7
20.0
20.2
20.5
21.2
21.4
21.6
21.8
22.0
22.4
22.7
23.9
Thigh
60.8
43.2
44.4
45.7
46.8
47.4
48.0
48.5
49.0
49.3
49.9
50.5
51.1
51.7
52.2
53.0
53.7
54.7
55.7
57.9
Calf
39.8
28.2
29.0
29.4
29.7
30.1
30.5
31.0
31.3
31.6
32.0
32.5
32.6
33.0
33.2
33.6
34.2
34.7
35.3
36.5