1. Chapter 4 Body Composition 5/23/2015 1

2. Student Learning Outcomes Define body composition & understand its relationship to healthy body weight. Identify the differences between essential & storage fat. 5/23/2015 2

3. Learning Outcomes Explain various techniques used to assess body composition. Be able to determine recommended weight, and understand the importance of waist-to-hip ratio & BMI. 5/23/2015 3

4. Body Composition Two components 5/23/2015 4

5. Essential & Storage Fat Essential & Storage Fat Essential fat Storage fat 5/23/2015 5

6. Essential Fat 5/23/2015 6

7. Storage Fat 5/23/2015 7

8. Fat serves 3 basic functions 1. 2. 3. 5/23/2015 8

9. Introduction Assessment of body composition © Cengage Publishing LPFW 9

10. Overweight & Obesity Overweight & Obesity An adult who has a BMI between 25 & 29.9 An adult who has a BMI of 30 or higher is considered obese 5/23/2015 10

11. Overweight The CDC defines overweight as 5/23/2015 11

12. Obesity According to the CDC, obesity is defined 5/23/2015 12

13. Morbid Obesity 5/23/2015 13

14. Overweight/Obesity/Morbid Obesity 10% More than 100 pounds BMI>30 >50% of weight BMI 25 – 29.9 >30% 5/23/2015 14

15. Typical Body Composition of an Adult Man and Woman © Cengage Publishing LPFW 15

16. Techniques to Assess Body Composition Dual Energy X- Ray Absorptiometry (DEXA) –Low-dose x-ray beams –Measurements –SEE is ± 1.8% © Cengage Publishing LPFW 16

17. Techniques to Assess Body Composition Air displacement –Person sits inside chamber –Body volume is determined –SEE is ± 2.2% © Cengage Publishing LPFW 17

18. Techniques to Assess Body Composition Hydrostatic Weighing –For decades has been the most precise technique used. –A person’s “regular” weight is compared with weight taken underwater. 5/23/2015 18

19. Techniques to Assess Body Composition Hydrostatic weighing –“Regular” weight vs. underwater weight Fat buoyancy –SEE is ± 2.5% –Drawbacks © Cengage Publishing LPFW 19

20. Techniques to Assess Body Composition Skinfold thickness –Subcutaneous fat –SEE is ± 3.5% –Use pressure calipers –Measure 3 to 7 sites Right side of body © Cengage Publishing LPFW 20

21. Skinfold Thickness 5/23/2015 21

22. Techniques to Assess Body Composition Girth measurements –Limited equipment necessary –SEE is ± 4% –Three measurements for women Upper arm, hip, and wrist –Two measurements for men Waist and wrist © Cengage Publishing LPFW 22

23. Bioelectrical Impedance 5/23/2015 23

24. Techniques to Assess Body Composition © Cengage Publishing LPFW 24

25. Disease Risk According to Body Mass Index (BMI) © Cengage Publishing LPFW 25

26. Mortality Risk Versus Body Mass Index (BMI) © Cengage Publishing LPFW 26

27. Disease Risk According to Waist Circumference © Cengage Publishing LPFW 27

28. Starting at age 25 © Cengage Publishing LPFW 28

29. Is it all about weight? What other factors should you consider? 5/23/2015 29

30. 1. Accumulate how many minutes/steps of exercise? 2. Exercise at what type of pace? 3. What type of training is recommended 2- 3 times per week? 4. Use moderation when it comes to… 5. Regularly monitor your… 6. Do not allow drastic increases in… 5/23/2015 30 Body weight Brisk/ fast Muscular strength Daily diet 10, 000 steps or 60 min. BP/HDL/LDP & % body fat

31. Assess your knowledge 1. Essential fat in women is? 2. How many sites are used to assess body composition? 3. An acceptable BMI is between? 4. When a previously inactive person starts an exercise program, the person may… 5/23/2015 31 11-14% 27/31% 3 - 719 -24 Gain Weight 12-17% Die

32. General Body Fat % Categories 1. Essential fat for men? 2. Men Athletes? 3. Fitness Category for men and women? 4. Acceptable category for men and women? 5. Obesity for men? 5/23/2015 32 2-4% 6-13% 14-17% & 21-24% 18-25% & 22-28% Plus 25%

33. Answer questions from chapter 4 5/23/2015 33