2. Political Parties Distrusted political parties – many were interested in personal gain and not public good. George Washington warned it would lead to “jealousies.” Started with the disagreements between Alexander Hamilton (Federalist) and Thomas Jefferson (Republican) People started to take sides

3. Federalists (Hamilton) Believed: Wealthy and well educated should lead the nation Strong central government Emphasized manufacturing, shipping, trade and urban environment. Pro-British National Bank

4. Republicans (Jefferson) Believed: People should have political power Strong state government Emphasized agriculture Pro-French Opposed a National Bank

5. Election of 1796 John Adams and Thomas Jefferson

6. Adams and Jefferson First met at the Second Continental Congress (1775) Both died on July 4 th 1826: 50 th Anniversary of the Signing of the Declaration of Independence Lifelong friends

7. John Adams (2 nd President) Federalist –Raised taxes to repay debt and army Alien and Sedition Acts –Lengthened term of citizenship and made it legal for the president to deport people

8. Thomas Jefferson (3 rd President) Adams’ Vice President Anti – Federalist –Republican Party Lowered Taxes –Decreased the army –Hoped import taxes would pay debts

9. Thomas Jefferson Louisiana Purchase –Doubled the size of the nation –Purchased from France for $15 million –Wanted control of the Mississippi River

11. Results of the Election of 1796 Rule: The person with the most electoral votes became President. The 2 nd highest score was made Vice President. Adams (Federalist) received the most votes and Jefferson (Republican) came in 2 nd. The President and Vice President were from different political parties.

12. Problem in Election of 1800 Republican: Thomas Jefferson for President and Aaron Burr Vice President. Jefferson and Burr tied. The House of Representatives then voted and Jefferson won. The 12 th amendment was then made to require electors to vote separately for the President and Vice President.

13. James Madison- President During the War of 1812 Virginian lawyer and student of history Wrote a large part of the U.S. Constitution Stood barely 5’4” and 120 pounds but, an intellectual ahead of his time

14. Causes for the War of 1812 British sailors sail on American ships because they are treated better and get paid very well Needing more sailors (due to fighting with France and America) the British navy takes British and American sailors to sail on British ships. This is called impressment (practice of forcing people into service)

15. Causes for the War of 1812 The U.S. had a desire to expand into more territory, like British Canada wanted to prove to Britain that the victory of the American Revolution was not luck. Americans demand respect from the world.

16. American Weaknesses The military is poorly trained The navy is no match for the British navy American forces attempt to seize Canada but unsuccessful Americans are forced to fight a defensive war against an invading professional army

17. The British Burn the Capital August 1814, the British Army invades the United States and marches on Washington D.C. After a brief fight the city surrenders and nearly all government buildings are set fire (including the White House)

18. To Anacreon in Heaven To Anacreon in Heav'n, where he sat in full glee, A few Sons of Harmony sent a petition; That he their Inspirer and Patron wou'd be; When this answer arrived from the Jolly Old Grecian; "Voice, Fiddle, and Flute, No longer be mute, I'll lend you my name and inspire you to boot, And besides I'll instruct you like me, to intwine, The Myrtle of Venus with Bacchus's Vine." http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8KcHg5ZOIgU

19. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xfu0WSy6KGE Oh, say, can you see, by the dawn's early light, What so proudly we hail'd at the twilight's last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars, thro' the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watch'd, were so gallantly streaming? And the rockets' red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof thro' the night that our flag was still there. O say, does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave

20. “The Star Spangled Banner” Francis Scott Key, a prisoner on a British barge witnessed the British bombardment of Fort McHenry, near Baltimore, for 12 hours In the morning he observed that the American flag still flew over the fort and writes a poem called “The Defense of Ft McHenry” it eventually becomes a song “The Star Spangled Banner” Americans rally to the war effort after the capital is burnt down

21. The Hartford Convention Connecticut fears that the war is lost and actually talk about becoming another country

22. The Battle of New Orleans Americans: Led by General Andrew Jackson. American forces- multicultural group of experienced soldiers and warriors (Native American and African Americans) Dug trenches to defend themselves.

23. Results of the Battle of New Orleans Killed more than 2,000 British soldiers. Only 7 Americans died. People assume that this victory is responsible for ending the war. The funny thing…. The battle started on January 8 th 1815… almost three weeks after The Treaty of Ghent

24. The Treaty of Ghent John Quincy Adams summed it up best: “Nothing was adjusted, nothing was settled.” Went back to pre-war conditions. The war is considered Status quo ante bellum –“in which things were before the war”

25. The Impact of the War of 1812 A sense of nationalism sweeps America. Nationalism is a belief and sense of pride in one’s country based on it’s achievements. The nation will embark on foreign trade and begin to build a transportation system in the United States. Native American resistance will be removed from the Ohio River Valley permanently opening the Midwest for expansion.