1. BR_main 1.English Song -- She Works Hard for the Money 2. Sales Promotion 3. Role Play Before Reading 4. Warm-up Questions Introductory Remarks Listen and Complete Questions and Answers Definition Four Stages in Promoting a Product

2. BR1_ Introductory Remarks Introductory Remarks ■

3. BR1_ Listen and Complete 1 Listen and Complete

4. BR1_Listen and Complete2 _ She works hard 1 She Works Hard for the Money She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right Onetta there in the corner stand and where she is and It’s strange to her some people to have everything ■ honey_____ treat ____ honey _____ treat____ wonders_______ seem_____

5. hour BR1_Listen and Complete2 _ She works hard 2 Nine a.m. on the hand and she’s for the bell and she’s looking real pretty wait for her clientele She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right _____ waiting______ just____ honey _____ treat _____ She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right hour_____ treat _____

6. BR1_Listen and Complete2 _ She works hard 3 Twenty eight years have and gone and she’ seen a lot of of the ones who come in they really seem to her there It's a working day to day for little money just tips for pay But it’s it all just to hear them say that they She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right come_____ tears_____ need_____ sacrifice_______ worth _____ care____ honey _____ treat_____

7. BR1_Listen and Complete2 _ She works hard 4 She already knows She’s seen her she already knows these are the times She’ll sell out she never will not for a bill she works hard She works for the money so hard for it honey she works hard for the money so you better treat her bad times_________ good _____ never_____ dollar_____ hard_____ right_____

8. BR1_Listen and Complete2 _ She works hard 5 She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right She works hard for the money so hard for it she works hard for the money so you better her right honey_____ treat_____ honey_____ treat_____ honey_____ treat _____

9. BR1_ Questions and Answers 1 Questions and Answers 1. Do you know anything about the singer? Onetta works hard for the money. She is extremely tired every day. If everyone shows care for her and treats her well, her life is likely to be easier. 3. What is the message of the song? It’s a call to show respect to those who work hard to serve people, no matter what the job. 2. Why does the singer think Onetta should be treated right? Click the word in red

10. BR1_popwin_singer Donna Summer ( Dec. 31, 1948~ ) Once upon a time, a young girl stood in front of the parishioners ( 教区居民 ) in a Boston church. She opened her mouth to sing, and a huge voice came out, moving the congregation to tears. At that moment the girl heard the voice of God tell her, “You’re gonna be famous.” From that time on, the girl knew that she was destined for greatness. That girl grew up to become Donna Summer. See http://www.donna-tribute.com for details. ■

11. BR2_ Definition Definition Sales promotion is the work of selling a product by all useful methods such as: ■ A) powerful advertising; B) personal persuasion of possible customers by visit, phone or letter; C) exhibitions; D) displays and demonstrations; E) competitions for prizes; F) free samples; G) trading stamps. Click the word in red or brown

12. BR2_ A_Advertising ■ Advertising is the techniques and practices used to bring products, services, opinions, or causes to public notice for the purpose of persuading the public to respond in a certain way toward what is advertised.

13. BR2_ B

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19. BR2_ Four Stages Four Stages in Promoting a Product Click the picture to enlarge

20. BR2_ Four Stages _1 attract the attention of potential customers Four Stages in Promoting a Product

21. BR2_ Four Stages _2 arouse interest in the product Four Stages in Promoting a Product

22. BR2_ Four Stages _3 create a desire for its benefits Four Stages in Promoting a Product

23. BR2_ Four Stages _4 encourage customers to take prompt action Four Stages in Promoting a Product

24. BR3_1 Role Play

25. BR3_2 Role Play One student will act as a salesperson. All other students will act as his/her potential customers. He/She will have ten minutes to persuade others to buy his/her goods. One of them can buy from the salesperson. All others must come up with an excuse not to buy. brand name, presentation, labeling, packaging, instructions, reliability and after-sales service Useful expressions: This is our (model). It costs (price). It’s suitable for (purpose). We can deliver (from stock). It’s available in (colour) and (size). We can offer a discount of (%).

26. BR4 Warm-up Questions 1.What are the basic qualities of a good salesperson? Which is essential? Why? courage, physical fitness, imagination, pleasing tone of voice, hard work 2. Do you think it is easy for a handicapped person to be a salesperson? Why? Click the word in red !

27. BR4_popwin Some salesmen may work hard and even intelligently use their imaginations well, until they meet a succession of refusal and turndowns. It is here that the salesman with sand ( 坚毅 ) in his soul, stamina ( 耐力 ) in his backbone, and courage in his heart, comes right back and whips the salesman who hasn't these qualities. ■

28. GR-main Global Reading 1. Part Division of the Text 2. Scanning For Part 1 True or False For Part 2 Multiple Choice 3. Further Understanding For Part 3 Blank Filling For Part 4 Group Discussion

29. GR1 Part Division of the Text Parts Lines Time of the Day Bill’s Activities 12341234 1~21 22~75 76~123 124~158 early morning preparation for the day’s work mid-morning on his way to work day door-to-door selling evening paper work

30. GR2 Scanning Scan Text A and put the sentences in a logical order. A B C D E F G He has his laces tied and his top shirt button buttoned before taking another bus. It’s after 7 p.m. that he arrives home after a day’s hard work. It’s 5:45 a.m. Bill Porter lingers under the covers and listens to weather broadcasting. He assembles his weapons before going out. The teenagers on the bus remind him of his past. Encouraged by his mother, Porter became a salesman who sold household products door-to-door. He tries many times. At last, a lady buys a cake of laundry soap from him. 1. ( ) 2. ( ) 3. ( ) 4. ( ) 5.( ) 6. ( ) 7. ( )

31. F GR3_true or false1 True or False 1.Bill Porter used to listen to the weather broadcasting every morning. T ( ) 2. There is something wrong in his left hand. ( ) The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes.

32. GR3_true or false2 3. His dead mother never thought he could do anything. F 4.People didn’t believe that he could live independently. That is not the case, however. T( ) His dead mother used to encourage him and her challenge echoes in his soul. True or False

33. GR3_true or false3 5.Bill Porter has ever been a soldier fighting in the battlefield. F( ) A crippled body is one of his enemies, and he must fight alone for his independence and dignity. True or False

34. GR3_Multiple Choice1 Multiple Choice 1. The first job for which he applied is to sell________ A) brushes B) household products C) newspapers D) briefcases

35. GR3_Multiple Choice1_A 1. The first job for which he applied is to sell________ A) brushes B) household products C) newspapers D) briefcases A Multiple Choice

36. GR3_Multiple Choice1_B 1. The first job for which he applied is to sell________ A) brushes B) household products C) newspapers D) briefcases B Multiple Choice

37. GR3_Multiple Choice1_C 1. The first job for which he applied is to sell________ A) brushes B) household products C) newspapers D) briefcases C Multiple Choice

38. GR3_Multiple Choice1_D 1. The first job for which he applied is to sell________ A) brushes B) household products C) newspapers D) briefcases D Multiple Choice

39. GR3_Multiple Choice2 2. A representative in Watkins offered him a job to sell household products in a quite ______ section. A) rich B) poor C) remote D) nearby Multiple Choice

40. GR3_Multiple Choice2_A 2. A representative in Watkins offered him a job to sell household products in a quite ______ section. A A) rich B) poor C) remote D) nearby Multiple Choice

41. GR3_Multiple Choice2_B 2. A representative in Watkins offered him a job to sell household products in a quite ______ section. B A) rich B) poor C) remote D) nearby Multiple Choice

42. GR3_Multiple Choice2_C 2. A representative in Watkins offered him a job to sell household products in a quite ______ section. C A) rich B) poor C) remote D) nearby Multiple Choice

43. GR3_Multiple Choice2_D 2. A representative in Watkins offered him a job to sell household products in a quite ______ section. D A) rich B) poor C) remote D) nearby Multiple Choice

44. GR3_Multiple Choice3 3. For several years, his sales kept the ______ in Watkins. A) last B) highest C) lowest D) secondary Multiple Choice

45. GR3_Multiple Choice3_A 3. For several years, his sales kept the ______ in Watkins.A A) last B) highest C) lowest D) secondary Multiple Choice

46. GR3_Multiple Choice3_B 3. For several years, his sales kept the ______ in Watkins.B A) last B) highest C) lowest D) secondary Multiple Choice

47. GR3_Multiple Choice3_C 3. For several years, his sales kept the ______ in Watkins.C A) last B) highest C) lowest D) secondary Multiple Choice

48. GR3_Multiple Choice3_D 3. For several years, his sales kept the ______ in Watkins.D A) last B) highest C) lowest D) secondary Multiple Choice

49. GR3_Multiple Choice4 4. His first stop on his way to work that day is ____. A) a bus stop B) a shoeshine stand C) a nearby hotel D) a house Multiple Choice

50. GR3_Multiple Choice4_A 4. His first stop on his way to work that day is ____.A A) a bus stop B) a shoeshine stand C) a nearby hotel D) a house Multiple Choice

51. GR3_Multiple Choice4_B 4. His first stop on his way to work that day is ____.B A) a bus stop B) a shoeshine stand C) a nearby hotel D) a house Multiple Choice

52. GR3_Multiple Choice4_C 4. His first stop on his way to work that day is ____.C A) a bus stop B) a shoeshine stand C) a nearby hotel D) a house Multiple Choice

53. GR3_Multiple Choice4_D 4. His first stop on his way to work that day is ____.D A) a bus stop B) a shoeshine stand C) a nearby hotel D) a house Multiple Choice

54. GR3_Blank Filling Blank Filling Supply the missing information according to the story. It is a day. Bill Porter stopped at the first house. He the bell. A woman comes to the door and refuses him by an. The person in the second house even doesn’t give him a chance to speak. For ninety minutes, Porter hasn’t made a, but he doesn’t. At last a woman is to buy a cake of soap from him. windy and rainy_____________ rings____ excuse______ sale____ give up ______persuaded_________

55. GR3_Group Discussion Group Discussion 1. Why did he have to sell his house? 2. What is Bill’s home like? What kind of life does he lead? 3. Does Bill feel sorry for himself? Why or why not?

56. After reading-Main 1. Useful Expressions 2. Word Completion 3. Spot Dictation 4. Imitation of Sentences 5. Role Play After Reading 6. Synopsis Writing 7. Talk about the Pictures 8. Proverbs and Quotations Introduction An Example Homework

57. After-1.useful-1 Useful Expressions 1. 系鞋带 2. 想做某事 3. 一群 4. 冲破身体的极限 5. 招聘广告 tie one’s shoes feel like doing sth. a pack of rise above one’s limitations help wanted ads

58. After-1.useful-2 6. 家用物品 7. 零售推销员 8. 不平衡 9. 擦鞋摊 10. 让某人下车 household products a retail salesman off balance a shoeshine stand drop sb. off Useful Expressions

59. After-1.useful-3 11. 在打电话 12. 用完肥皂 13. 躺着 ( 或坐着 ) 14. 过着离群索居的生活 15. 靠佣金赚钱 on the phone be out of soap off one’s feet lead a solitary life work on commission Useful Expressions

60. After-1.useful-4 16. 带薪假期 17. 减轻疼痛 18. 因 …… 而卧床休养 19. 自悲自怜 20. 潦草的签名 paid holidays relieve pain be laid up with feel sorry for oneself scrawled signature Useful Expressions

61. After-1.useful-3 21. 安乐椅 22. 熄灭 an easy chair go off Useful Expressions

62. After2 Word Completion Directions: complete the words with the help of the definitions given. a doctor who performs medical operations printed material used to advertise a product passage through or across be recognized or noted mentally a person’s name written by herself or himself money paid to sb. for selling goods which increase with the quantity of goods sold done or existing alone a person who represents others the quality of being worthy of honor or respect 1 s 2 l 3 t 4 r 5 s 6 c 7 s 8 r 9 d urgeon ______ iterature _______ ransit _____ egister ______ ignature _______ ommission _________ olitary _____ epresentative ___________ ignity_____

63. After3_1 Spot Dictation Listen to the following passage and fill in the missing words. ■ One beautiful spring morning I was alone in my room, reading. Suddenly a smell in the air made me get up and put out my hands. The of spring seemed to be in my room. “ What is it?” I asked. The next minute I knew it was coming from a mimosa tree outside. I walked outside to the of the garden, toward the tree. There it was, in the warm sunshine. Its long branches, so heavy with flowers, almost touched the ground. I walked through the flowers to the tree itself and then just stood. Then I put my foot on wonderful_________ spirit _____ passing _______ edge _____ shaking _______ silent_____

64. After3_2 Spot Dictation on the tree and myself up into it. I climbed higher and higher until I reached a little. Long ago someone had put it there. I sat for a long time... Nothing in all the world was like this. pulled ______ seat ____

65. After4_1 Imitation of Sentences Rewrite the following sentences after the model, making them as brief as possible. Model: -- Do you want to buy any jams? -- No. Maybe I’ll buy nothing today. -- Jams? -- No. Maybe nothing today.

66. After4_2 Imitation of Sentences Anything you want? 1. Is there anything you want? Look out for cars when crossing the street. 2. Look out for cars when you are crossing the street. If possible, I should like to have two copies of it. 3. If it is possible, I should like to have two copies of it. 4. The sooner we perform the operation, the greater is the The sooner the operation, the greater the hope of saving the hand. Too bad you can’t get here for the meeting this afternoon. 5. It is too bad you can’t get here for the meeting this afternoon. hope of saving the hand.

67. After5 Role Play Form a pair with your desk-mate. Suppose one of you is the author of Text A, Tom Hallman Jr., and the other, Bill Porter. Before Mr. Hallman wrote this report, he had a detailed interview with him. You can just choose a certain period of Bill Porter’s life to talk about. For example, Group One may talk about Bill’s childhood, Group Two may dwell on his working experience. Tips: cripple commission dignity lean limb limitation linger pledge profitable retail strain surgery scar transfer useless tremble delivery disorder laundry territory transit apply for off balance off one’s feet be laid up with drop … off gain on You can refer to the following expressions in your interview.

68. After6_ Introduction Introduction What should be taken into account in synopsis writing? 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. Include enough support and detail so that the presentation is clear; Do not try to paraphrase specialized vocabulary; Include nothing more than what is contained in the original; Make sure the synopsis reads smoothly. Use linking devices and supporting details when necessary; Put the direct speech into indirect speech.

69. After6_ An Example 1 An Example Original passage On arriving at the station, Paul went to the information office. A new timetable had recently been introduced and he didn’t want to catch the wrong train. He wondered why his mother had telephoned him to come so urgently, even insisting on his breaking an important dinner engagement with a client that evening. She had been very evasive ( 含糊 其词 ) and sounded as if she might be in some kind of trouble -- though what had happened he just couldn’t

70. After6_ An Example 2 imagine. His late father had been a solid respectable citizen -- a magistrate ( 地方行政长官 ) in fact -- and his mother’s conduct had always reflected this. When he arrived he found her busy with roses. “Come in and sit down. I’ve got something to tell you.” He entered the neat kitchen and sat down. “I’ve won $500,000 on the football pools,” she blurted out. Paul was staggered -- his mother gambling!!!

71. After6_ An Example 3 Synopsis Paul rushed home by train. He was puzzled about his mother’s urgent call. He thought she might be in trouble. When he got home, he was surprised to learn that his mother had gambled and won $500,000.

72. After6_ Homework 1 Homework Read the following passage and write a synopsis. Women who drink coffee are less likely to commit suicide than those who don’t, according to a study of five researchers. Caffeine, which improves the mood of those who consume it regularly, may be the cause. The study, reported in the Archives of Internal Medicine, draws on data of 86,626 nurses from 1976, with information on health and lifestyle gathered every two years. Between 1980 and 1990, 56 of the nurses committed suicide. The researchers found that nurses who drank two cups drank two cups of coffee every day were 66 per less likely to have Coffee Saves Lives

73. After6_ Homework 2 have killed themselves than nurses who did not drink coffee, even after accounting for other factors such as smoking and stress. Those who drank more than two cups a day were even less likely to have killed themselves. But tea seems to offer no protection against suicidal urges. Nurses who drank four cups of tea every day had the same suicide rate as those who did not drink it. Tea contains much less caffeine than coffee.

74. After6_ Homework 3 Synopsis Coffee drinking women showed a lower suicide rate than non-coffee drinking women probably because of caffeine. The researchers found that a higher daily coffee intake decreased the chance of suicide.

75. After-7 Talk about the Pictures Click the picture to enlarge

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83. After8_1 Proverbs and Quotations 1. Nothing is impossible to a willing mind. 2. Something attempted, something done. 世上无难事，只怕有心人。 有所为，必有所成。 3. Every tragedy makes heroes of common people. -- Norman Stephens, American writer 每场悲剧都会在平凡的人中造就出英雄来。 — 美国作家 N. 斯蒂芬斯

84. After8_2 Proverbs and Quotations 4. Work is the grand cure for all the maladies and miseries that ever beset mankind. -- Thomas Carlyle, British historian 5. Although the world is full of suffering, it is full also of the overcoming of it. -- Hellen Keller, American writer 工作是良药，能医治一切困扰人的疾苦。 — 英国历史学家 T. 卡莱尔 虽然世界多苦难，但是苦难总是能战胜的。 — 美国作家 H. 凯勒

85. Article1_S LIFE OF A SALESMAN The alarm rings. It’s 5:45. He could linger under the covers, listening to the radio and a weatherman who predicts rain. People would understand. He knows that. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently. All his life he’s struggled to prove them wrong. He will not quit. And so Bill Porter rises.

86. Article2_S He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter.

87. Article3_S He tilts his hat just so. On the 7:45 bus that stops across the street, he leaves his briefcase next to the driver and finds a seat in the middle of a pack of bored teenagers. He leans forward, stares toward the driver, sits back, then repeats the process. His nervousness makes him laugh uncontrollably. The teenagers stare at him. They don’t realize Porter’s afraid someone will steal his briefcase, with the glasses, brochures, order forms and clip-on tie that he needs to survive.

88. Article4_S Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor. His face reveals nothing. In his heart, though, he knows he should have been like these kids, like everyone on this bus. He’s not angry. But he knows. His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. Porter came to Portland when he was 13 after his father, a salesman, was transferred here. He attended a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids.

89. Article5 But he wasn’t slow. His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work. Speaking was difficult and took time. People were impatient and didn’t listen. He felt different -- was different -- from the kids who rushed about in the halls and planned dances he would never attend. What could his future be? Porter wanted to do something and and his mother was certain that he could rise above his limitations. With her encouragement, he applied for a job with the Fuller Brush Co. only to be turned down. He couldn’t carry a product briefcase or walk a route, they said.

90. Article6_S Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen.

91. Article7_S If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold. For several years he was Watkins’ top retail salesman. Now he is the only one of the company’s 44,000 salespeople who sells door-to-door. The bus stops in the Transit Mall, and Porter gets off. His body is not made for walking. Each step strains his joints. Headaches are constant visitors. His right arm is nearly useless. He can’t fully control the limb. His body tilts at the waist; he seems to be heading into a strong, steady wind that keeps him off balance. At times, he looks like a toddler taking his first steps. He walks 10 miles a day.

92. Article8_S His first stop today, like every day, is a shoeshine stand where employees tie his laces. Twice a week he pays for a shine. At a nearby hotel one of the doormen buttons Porter’s top shirt button and slips on his clip-on tie. He then walks to another bus that drops him off a mile from his territory. He left home nearly three hours ago. The wind is cold and raindrops fall. Porter stops at the first house. This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m. He rings the bell.

93. Article9_S A woman comes to the door. “Hello.” “No, thank you, I’m just preparing to leave.” Porter nods. “May I come back later?” he asks. “No,” says the woman. She shuts the door. Porter’s eyes reveal nothing. He moves to the next house. The door opens. Then closes.

94. Article10 He doesn’t get a chance to speak. Porter’s expression never changes. He stops at every home in his territory. People might not buy now. Next time. Maybe. No doesn’t mean never. Some of his best customers are people who repeatedly turned him down before buying. He makes his way down the street. “I don’t want to try it.” “Maybe next time.” “I’m sorry. I’m on the phone right now.” “No.” Ninety minutes later, Porter still has not made a sale. But there is always another home.

95. Article11_S He walks on. He knocks on a door. A woman appears from the backyard where she’s gardening. She often buys, but not today, she says, as she walks away. “Are you sure?” Porter asks. She pauses. “Well…” That’s all Porter needs. He walks as fast as he can, tailing her as she heads to the backyard. He sets his briefcase down and opens it. He puts on his glasses, removes his brochures and begins his sales talk, showing the woman pictures and describing each product.

96. Article12_S Spices? “No.” Jams? “No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.” Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register. Pepper? “No.” Laundry soap? “Hmm.” Porter stops. He smells blood. He quickly remembers her last order.

97. Article13_S “Say, aren’t you about out of soap? That’s what you bought last time. You ought to be out right about now.” “You’re right, Bill. I’ll take one.” He arrives home, in a rainstorm, after 7 p.m. Today was not profitable. He tells himself not to worry. Four days left in the week. At least he’s off his feet and home. Inside, an era is preserved. The telephone is a heavy, rotary model. There is no VCR, no cable. His is the only house in the neighborhood with a television antenna on the roof.

98. Article14_S He leads a solitary life. Most of his human contact comes on the job. Now, he heats the oven and slips in a frozen dinner because it’s easy to fix. The job usually takes him 10 hours. He’s a weary man who knows his days -- no matter what his intentions -- are numbered. He works on straight commission. He gets no paid holidays, vacations or raises. Yes, some months are lean. In 1993, he needed back surgery to relieve pain caused from decades of walking. He was laid up for five months and couldn’t work. He was forced to sell his house. The new owners, familiar with his situation, froze his rent and agreed to let him live there until he dies.

99. Article15 He doesn’t feel sorry for himself. The house is only a building. A place to live, nothing more. His dinner is ready. He eats at the kitchen table and listens to the radio. The afternoon mail brought bills that he will deal with later this week. The checkbook is upstairs in the bedroom. His checkbook. He types in the recipient’s name and signs his name. The signature is small and scrawled. Unreadable. But he knows. Bill Porter. Bill Porter, salesman.

100. Article16_S From his easy chair he hears the wind lash his house and the rain pound the street outside his home. He must dress warmly tomorrow. He’s sleepy. With great care he climbs the stairs to his bedroom. In time, the lights go off. Morning will be here soon.

101. Article1_W LIFE OF A SALESMAN The alarm rings. It’s 5:45. He could linger under the covers, listening to the radio and a weatherman who predicts rain. People would understand. He knows that. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently. All his life he’s struggled to prove them wrong. He will not quit. And so Bill Porter rises.

102. Article1_S_popwin LIFE OF A SALESMAN The alarm rings. It’s 5:45. He could linger under the covers, listening to the radio and a weatherman who predicts rain. People would understand. He knows that. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently. All his life he’s struggled to prove them wrong. He will not quit. And so Bill Porter rises. 1. Translate the sentence into Chinese. ( 在他内心深处 ) 也一直回响着那些说他蠢，说他不能独立生活的 人的声音。 2. What kind of rhetorical device is used here? The rhetorical device used here is called inversion or hyperbaton ( 倒装 ). The normal order of the sentence is like this: The voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently also echo in his soul.

103. Article1_W_popwin_linger1 LIFE OF A SALESMAN The alarm rings. It’s 5:45. He could linger under the covers, listening to the radio and a weatherman who predicts rain. People would understand. He knows that. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently. All his life he’s struggled to prove them wrong. He will not quit. And so Bill Porter rises. linger: vi. My daughter used to linger long over her meal. He was still lingering around the stadium long after the game was over. 1) spend a long time doing sth. There will be no time to linger -- the press conference will begin in a few minutes. 2) stay for a long time, esp. because one does not want to leave

104. Article1_W_popwin_linger2 LIFE OF A SALESMAN The alarm rings. It’s 5:45. He could linger under the covers, listening to the radio and a weatherman who predicts rain. People would understand. He knows that. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently. All his life he’s struggled to prove them wrong. He will not quit. And so Bill Porter rises. CF: stay, linger & remain 这几个词都可用作动词，都有 “ 停留、逗留 ” 之意。 My car stays in the garage most of the week. She lingered around the door telling the story of what had happened. stay 是最普通的用语，指长期或短期的停留。 linger 意思是 “ 逗留、徘徊 ” ，尤指迟迟不愿离开的样子。 我的车子一周大部分时间都停放在车库里。 她徘徊在门旁，讲述所发生的事情。

105. Article1_W_popwin_linger3 LIFE OF A SALESMAN The alarm rings. It’s 5:45. He could linger under the covers, listening to the radio and a weatherman who predicts rain. People would understand. He knows that. A surgeon’s scar cuts across his lower back. The fingers on his right hand are so twisted that he can’t tie his shoes. Some days, he feels like surrendering. But his dead mother’s challenge echoes in his soul. So, too, do the voices of those who believed him stupid, incapable of living independently. All his life he’s struggled to prove them wrong. He will not quit. And so Bill Porter rises. CF: stay, linger & remain How many days will you remain here? remain 强调维持原来的状态，表示 “ 逗留 ” 时比 stay 更正式些。 你准备在此待几天？

106. Article2_W He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter.

107. Article2_W_popwin_ dignity He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. dignity: n. the quality of being worthy of honor or respect She always acted with great dignity. 如果你错了，就承认。你不会失去尊严，而会赢得尊敬。 Collocation: possess dignity 有地位（身份） maintain one’s dignity 保持尊严 stand upon one’s dignity 摆架子，逞威风 beneath one’s dignity 有失体面，有伤尊严 If you are wrong, admit it. You won’t lose dignity, but will gain respect.

108. Article2_W_popwin_ cripple He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. cripple: vt. 1) cause to become unable to move or walk properly At the beginning of the year 2000 crippled children were on state lists to receive care. 彼得的父亲因中风而跛脚。 Peter’s father was crippled by a stroke. 2) damage or harm (sb./ sth.) seriously His business was crippled by the fire.

109. Article2_W_popwin_ betray He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. betray: vt. 1) be disloyal or unfaithful to According to the Gospels of Matthew and Mark, greed made Judas betray Jesus to the chief priest for 30 pieces of silver. He betrayed the secret to his friends. Her face betrayed her nervousness. 2) give away or make known (esp. a secret) 她的脸色说明她很紧张。 NB: 叛徒可用 betrayer 表示 。 betray 的名词是 betrayal 。

110. Article2_W_popwin_ gain on He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. gain on: come closer to (esp. a rival or sth. pursued) She was gaining on her opponents throughout the race, but only overtook them at the end. NB: 此处的 on 可用 upon 代替 。 Hurry up! They are gaining on us.

111. Article2_W_popwin_ kick up He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. kick up: (cause to) rise The horse kicked up a cloud of dust. Dawn came up and the sea began to kick up. I know he didn’t want to go but he shouldn’t have kicked up a fuss about it. 我知道他不想走，但他不应该为这事大闹。

112. Article2_W_popwin_ tremble 1 He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. tremble: vi. shake from cold, fear, weakness, etc. Her hands grew very cold and trembled so that she could hardly hold the flag. The whole house trembled as the train went by. 他写字时手有些发抖。 His hands shook a little as he wrote. CF: shake, tremble & shiver 这几个词都是动词，都有 “ 震动、颤动 ” 之意。 shake 是最普通的用语。既可用于人，也可用于物。用于人时，一 般指由于激动、寒冷、惧怕等引起的全身或局部颤动。也可以表示 任何形式的颤动，常含有不规则、突然之意。

113. Article2_W_popwin_tremble 2 He takes the first unsteady steps on a journey to Portland’s streets, the battlefield where he fights alone for his independence and dignity. He’s a door-to-door salesman. Sixty-three years old. And his enemies -- a crippled body that betrays him and a changing world that no longer needs him -- are gaining on him. With trembling hands he assembles his weapons: dark slacks, blue shirt and matching jacket, brown tie, tan raincoat and hat. Image, he believes, is everything. He stops in the entryway, picks up his briefcase and steps outside. A fall wind has kicked up. The weatherman was right. He pulls his raincoat tighter. tremble 指人体由于盛怒、恐惧、寒冷或疲劳而引起的无法克制的轻微 迅速的抖动。 Her voice trembled with anger. 她走进房间，满身是雪，冷得直发抖。 She came into the house snow-covered and shivering. shiver 主要指由于寒冷、恐惧而引起的肌肉的短暂、迅速的颤抖。 她的声音因愤怒而颤抖。

114. Article3_W He tilts his hat just so. On the 7:45 bus that stops across the street, he leaves his briefcase next to the driver and finds a seat in the middle of a pack of bored teenagers. He leans forward, stares toward the driver, sits back, then repeats the process. His nervousness makes him laugh uncontrollably. The teenagers stare at him. They don’t realize Porter’s afraid someone will steal his briefcase, with the glasses, brochures, order forms and clip-on tie that he needs to survive.

115. Article3_W_popwin_ tilt He tilts his hat just so. On the 7:45 bus that stops across the street, he leaves his briefcase next to the driver and finds a seat in the middle of a pack of bored teenagers. He leans forward, stares toward the driver, sits back, then repeats the process. His nervousness makes him laugh uncontrollably. The teenagers stare at him. They don’t realize Porter’s afraid someone will steal his briefcase, with the glasses, brochures, order forms and clip-on tie that he needs to survive. tilt: 1. v. (cause to) move into a sloping position The pilot can tilt the helicopter forward, backward, or to either side. The Leaning Tower of Pisa is renowned for its marked tilt. She wore her hat at a tilt. 2. n. a position in which one side of sth. is higher than the other 她斜戴着帽子。 The boat instantly tilted, filled and sank. Collocation: a tilt to/towards… 向 …… 倾斜 at a tilt 斜着

116. Article3_W_popwin_ lean He tilts his hat just so. On the 7:45 bus that stops across the street, he leaves his briefcase next to the driver and finds a seat in the middle of a pack of bored teenagers. He leans forward, stares toward the driver, sits back, then repeats the process. His nervousness makes him laugh uncontrollably. The teenagers stare at him. They don’t realize Porter’s afraid someone will steal his briefcase, with the glasses, brochures, order forms and clip-on tie that he needs to survive. lean: 1. v. (cause to) be in a sloping position; bend She leaned the desk against the door. 今年是生意上收益差的一年。 This has been a lean year for business. 2. adj. producing little of value; containing little or no fat Collocation: lean on/upon sb. 依赖，依靠 lean toward/towards/to 偏向，倾向于 She leaned over the bridge to look at the boats. They are now leaning to our position. 他们现在偏向我们。

117. Article4_W Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor. His face reveals nothing. In his heart, though, he knows he should have been like these kids, like everyone on this bus. He’s not angry. But he knows. His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. Porter came to Portland when he was 13 after his father, a salesman, was transferred here. He attended a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids.

118. Article4_S_popwin_ His mother.. Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor. His face reveals nothing. In his heart, though, he knows he should have been like these kids, like everyone on this bus. He’s not angry. But he knows. His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. Porter came to Portland when he was 13 after his father, a salesman, was transferred here. He attended a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids. It functions as an appositive ( 同位语 ). 1. What is the grammatical function of the last part of the sentence, from “a disorder…” to the end? 他妈妈解释说生他时难产，医生使用了某种器械，损坏了他大脑 的一部分，导致了大脑性麻痹，一种影响他说话，手部活动以及 行走的神经系统的紊乱。 2. Translate the sentence into Chinese.

119. Article4_W_popwin_ delivery Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor. His face reveals nothing. In his heart, though, he knows he should have been like these kids, like everyone on this bus. He’s not angry. But he knows. His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. Porter came to Portland when he was 13 after his father, a salesman, was transferred here. He attended a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids. He tilts his hat just so. delivery: n. 1) the process of birth Women who do manual work have easy deliveries. Federal Express Corporation provide rapid delivery of packages, letters, and other shipments within the United States and worldwide. 2) the delivering of letters, goods, etc. Collocation: a normal delivery 正常分娩 an easy delivery 顺产 make a delivery 送货 accept/take a delivery 收货 postal delivery 邮递 express delivery 快递

120. Article4_W_popwin_ disorder Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor. His face reveals nothing. In his heart, though, he knows he should have been like these kids, like everyone on this bus. He’s not angry. But he knows. His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. Porter came to Portland when he was 13 after his father, a salesman, was transferred here. He attended a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids. He tilts his hat just so. disorder: n. 1) disturbance of the normal working of the body or mind Severe vitamin and mineral deficiencies can lead to mental disorders. 这房子里乱七八糟。 2) lack of order The school authorities took immediate action to stop disorder. The house was in a state of disorder.

121. Article4_W_popwin_ transfer Porter senses the stares. He looks at the floor. His face reveals nothing. In his heart, though, he knows he should have been like these kids, like everyone on this bus. He’s not angry. But he knows. His mother explained how the delivery had been difficult, how the doctor had used an instrument that crushed a section of his brain and caused cerebral palsy, a disorder of the nervous system that affects his speech, hands and walk. Porter came to Portland when he was 13 after his father, a salesman, was transferred here. He attended a school for the disabled and then Lincoln High School, where he was placed in a class for slow kids. He tilts his hat just so. transfer: 1. vt. move from one place to another David Beckham was transferred from Manchester United to Real Madrid for 35 million Euros. 2. n. the act of transferring He wants a transfer to another team. 把彼特从东京调往波士顿的办事处是个绝好的主意。 Transferring Peter from Tokyo to the Boston office was a smart idea.

122. Article5_W But he wasn’t slow. His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work. Speaking was difficult and took time. People were impatient and didn’t listen. He felt different -- was different -- from the kids who rushed about in the halls and planned dances he would never attend. What could his future be? Porter wanted to do something and and his mother was certain that he could rise above his limitations. With her encouragement, he applied for a job with the Fuller Brush Co. only to be turned down. He couldn’t carry a product briefcase or walk a route, they said.

123. But he wasn’t slow. His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work. Speaking was difficult and took time. People were impatient and didn’t listen. He felt different -- was different -- from the kids who rushed about in the halls and planned dances he would never attend. What could his future be? Porter wanted to do something and and his mother was certain that he could rise above his limitations. With her encouragement, he applied for a job with the Fuller Brush Co. only to be turned down. He couldn’t carry a product briefcase or walk a route, they said. Article5_W_popwin_ limitation But he wasn’t slow. He tilts his hat just so. limitation: n. lack of ability Acupuncture is good for some medical conditions but it has its limitations. Collocation: put limitations on 加限制于 …… financial limitations 财政限制 limitations on imports 对进口的限制 within certain limitations 在一定范围内

124. But he wasn’t slow. His mind was trapped in a body that didn’t work. Speaking was difficult and took time. People were impatient and didn’t listen. He felt different -- was different -- from the kids who rushed about in the halls and planned dances he would never attend. What could his future be? Porter wanted to do something and and his mother was certain that he could rise above his limitations. With her encouragement, he applied for a job with the Fuller Brush Co. only to be turned down. He couldn’t carry a product briefcase or walk a route, they said. Article5_W_popwin_ apply for But he wasn’t slow. He tilts his hat just so. apply for: make a formal request for According to the school regulations students will have to apply for permission to study abroad. I had applied for five jobs before I was offered this one.

125. Article6_W Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen.

126. Article6_S_ppwin_ It took … Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. What is implied here? Porter had a very hard beginning.

127. Article6_W_popwin_ representative 1 Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. representative: n. a person who represents others They sent a representative to the meeting. Representatives from more than 170 nations converged on Paris for the Earth Summit. 他是工会代表。 He is a trade union delegate. CF: delegate, agent & representative 这几个词都可用作名词，都有 “ 代表 ” 之意。 delegate 指某人被选派或委托为代理或代表。一般来说， delegate 不 具有全权，而只能按照他们代表的大多数人的意愿或指示行事。

128. Article6_W_popwin_ representative 2 Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. agent 意思是 “ 代理人（商） ” 。指任何一个有代理权的人或团体，或 在双方之间代表一方起中间人作用的人。 An estate agent acts on behalf of the landlord in transactions between landlord and tenant. 他们是科学界和艺术界的代表。 They are representatives of the various departments of science and art. representative 本义是指某人作为代表在一定场合行使职权或处理 事务，但该词常用来指团体选出的代表该团体的利益参加某种会议或 处理某类事务者。 一个房地产代理人在房主和客户之间的交易中代表房主的利益。

129. Article6_W_popwin_ literature Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. literature: n. 1) printed material used to advertise or promote a product 你有这辆新汽车的宣传材料吗？ 2) writings that are valued as works of art Have you any literature on the new car? Many readers consider the novel the most flexible type of literature.

130. Article6_W_popwin_ pledge 1 Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. pledge: 1. n. a solemn promise 我发誓保密后才被告知此事。 She made a pledge to contribute fifty pounds. They have pledged not to dump hazardous wastes into the river. 2. vt. make a solemn promise or agreement I was told about it under a pledge of secrecy. They have pledged that they will always remain faithful.

131. Article6_W_popwin_ pledge 2 Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. CF: assure, convince, guarantee & pledge 这几个词都可用作动词，都有 “ 使相信 ” 之意。 assure 意思是 “ 使相信、使确信（某事一定会发生） ” 。 Mom assured us that everything would be all right. The authorities could not guarantee the safety of the observers. convince 意思是 “ 使信服 ” 。 妈妈让我们相信一切都会好起来的。 I managed to convince them that the story was true. 我设法让他们相信这个故事是真的。 guarantee 意思是 “ 保证、担保 ” 。 官方不能够担保观察员的安全。

132. Article6_W_popwin_ pledge 3 Porter knew he wanted to be a salesman. He began reading help wanted ads in the newspaper. When he saw one for Watkins, a company that sold household products door-to-door, his mother set up a meeting with a representative. The man said no, but Porter wouldn’t listen. He just wanted a chance. The man gave in and offered Porter a section of the city that no salesman wanted. It took Porter four false starts before he found the courage to ring the first doorbell. The man who answered told him to go away, a pattern repeated throughout the day. That night Porter read through company literature and discovered the products were guaranteed. He would sell that pledge. He just needed people to listen. pledge 意思是 “ 公开保证 ” 。 The government pledged to make no deals with terrorists. Collocation: make/take a pledge 宣誓 give sb. one’s pledge 对某人发誓 honor one’s pledge 恪守誓言 carry out/redeem one’s pledge 履行誓言 政府保证不与恐怖分子做交易。 break/violate one’s pledge 违背誓言

133. Article7_W If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold. For several years he was Watkins’ top retail salesman. Now he is the only one of the company’s 44,000 salespeople who sells door-to-door. The bus stops in the Transit Mall, and Porter gets off. His body is not made for walking. Each step strains his joints. Headaches are constant visitors. His right arm is nearly useless. He can’t fully control the limb. His body tilts at the waist; he seems to be heading into a strong, steady wind that keeps him off balance. At times, he looks like a toddler taking his first steps. He walks 10 miles a day.

134. Article7_S_popwin_ Headaches.. If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold. For several years he was Watkins’ top retail salesman. Now he is the only one of the company’s 44,000 salespeople who sells door-to-door. The bus stops in the Transit Mall, and Porter gets off. His body is not made for walking. Each step strains his joints. Headaches are constant visitors. His right arm is nearly useless. He can’t fully control the limb. His body tilts at the waist; he seems to be heading into a strong, steady wind that keeps him off balance. At times, he looks like a toddler taking his first steps. He walks 10 miles a day. 1. Translate the sentences into Chinese. 头疼也是习以为常的事。他的右臂几乎没用。他不能完全控制这 只手臂。他的身体从腰部开始前倾，看上去就像是顶着一股强劲 的吹个不停的风迈步向前，风似乎要把他刮倒。 2. What kind of rhetorical device is used in the first sentence? The rhetorical device used in the first sentence is personification, a figure of speech in which a thing, quality or idea is represented as a person. It can make the sentence more vivid.

135. Article7_W_popwin_ retail If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold. For several years he was Watkins’ top retail salesman. Now he is the only one of the company’s 44,000 salespeople who sells door-to-door. The bus stops in the Transit Mall, and Porter gets off. His body is not made for walking. Each step strains his joints. Headaches are constant visitors. His right arm is nearly useless. He can’t fully control the limb. His body tilts at the waist; he seems to be heading into a strong, steady wind that keeps him off balance. At times, he looks like a toddler taking his first steps. He walks 10 miles a day. retail 1.n. the practice of selling goods in small quantities to the general public Wal-Mart is a company that operates a variety of retail chain stores. These socks retail at $5 a pair. 2. v. sell or be sold by retail

136. Article7_W_popwin_ strain 1 If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold. For several years he was Watkins’ top retail salesman. Now he is the only one of the company’s 44,000 salespeople who sells door-to-door. The bus stops in the Transit Mall, and Porter gets off. His body is not made for walking. Each step strains his joints. Headaches are constant visitors. His right arm is nearly useless. He can’t fully control the limb. His body tilts at the waist; he seems to be heading into a strong, steady wind that keeps him off balance. At times, he looks like a toddler taking his first steps. He walks 10 miles a day. strain: 1.vt. injure (the body or the part of it) or make it weak by too much effort 这工作给他很大压力。 2. n. a severe demand on mental or physical strength, resources, abilities, etc. (followed by on) He strained his back when he removed the piano with his friends. The work put a great strain on him. She has been under terrible strain since her company was bankrupted.

137. Article7_W_popwin_ strain 2 If a customer turned him down, Porter kept coming back until they heard him. And he sold. For several years he was Watkins’ top retail salesman. Now he is the only one of the company’s 44,000 salespeople who sells door-to-door. The bus stops in the Transit Mall, and Porter gets off. His body is not made for walking. Each step strains his joints. Headaches are constant visitors. His right arm is nearly useless. He can’t fully control the limb. His body tilts at the waist; he seems to be heading into a strong, steady wind that keeps him off balance. At times, he looks like a toddler taking his first steps. He walks 10 miles a day. Collocation: impose/place/put a strain on 使 …… 受到压力 stand the strain 忍受压力 relieve the strain 使紧张状态松弛 a mental strain 精神状态紧张 back strain 背扭伤 under the strain 处于紧张状态

138. Article8_W His first stop today, like every day, is a shoeshine stand where employees tie his laces. Twice a week he pays for a shine. At a nearby hotel one of the doormen buttons Porter’s top shirt button and slips on his clip-on tie. He then walks to another bus that drops him off a mile from his territory. He left home nearly three hours ago. The wind is cold and raindrops fall. Porter stops at the first house. This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m. He rings the bell.

139. Article8_W_popwin_ drop…off His first stop today, like every day, is a shoeshine stand where employees tie his laces. Twice a week he pays for a shine. At a nearby hotel one of the doormen buttons Porter’s top shirt button and slips on his clip-on tie. He then walks to another bus that drops him off a mile from his territory. He left home nearly three hours ago. The wind is cold and raindrops fall. Porter stops at the first house. This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m. He rings the bell. drop…off: allow (sb.) to get out of a vehicle Just drop me off at the station.

140. Article8_W_popwin_ territory His first stop today, like every day, is a shoeshine stand where employees tie his laces. Twice a week he pays for a shine. At a nearby hotel one of the doormen buttons Porter’s top shirt button and slips on his clip-on tie. He then walks to another bus that drops him off a mile from his territory. He left home nearly three hours ago. The wind is cold and raindrops fall. Porter stops at the first house. This is the moment he’s been preparing for since 5:45 a.m. He rings the bell. territory: n. land a country controls or owns A country’s embassy in a foreign country is considered its own territory. Collocation: occupy territory 占领领土 unexplored territory 未勘探的地区 cede territory 割让领土 NB: territory 强调（国家的）领土的范围，或人或动物等拥有的不容 入侵的领域、地盘。 The birds sang to warn other birds off their territory. 那群鸟唧唧喳喳地叫着警告外来的鸟不可侵入它们的地盘。

141. He walks on. He knocks on a door. A woman appears from the backyard where she’s gardening. She often buys, but not today, she says, as she walks away. “Are you sure?” Porter asks. She pauses. “Well…” That’s all Porter needs. He walks as fast as he can, tailing her as she heads to the backyard. He sets his briefcase down and opens it. He puts on his glasses, removes his brochures and begins his sales talk, showing the woman pictures and describing each product. Article11_S_popwin_ He puts What can be inferred from this description? Bill Porter is a very proficient retail salesman. Despite his deformity ( 残疾 ), he did all these very fluently, which showed his eagerness to sell the products to the customer.

142. Article12_W Spices? “No.” Jams? “No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.” Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register. Pepper? “No.” Laundry soap? “Hmm.” Porter stops. He smells blood. He quickly remembers her last order.

143. Article12_S_popwin_ Spice? Spices? “No.” Jams? “No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.” Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register. Pepper? “No.” Laundry soap? “Hmm.” Porter stops. He smells blood. He quickly remembers her last order. Is there anything special with the sentences here? Yes. They are elliptical sentences. Ellipsis involves leaving out words which are obvious from the context. Since it is a real dialogue between Bill Porter and his customer, to use elliptical sentences seems very natural.

144. Spices? “No.” Jams? “No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.” Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register. Pepper? “No.” Laundry soap? “Hmm.” Porter stops. He smells blood. He quickly remembers her last order. Article12_S_popwin_ Porter’s.. 1. Paraphrase the second sentence. Except when he catches someone who looks as if he may be persuaded to buy. 2. Translate the sentences into Chinese. 波特的听觉是他身上唯一没有一点毛病的功能。只有当他察觉对 方有可能买他东西的时候才会发生例外。这个时候，他是听不见 “ 不 ” 的。

145. Spices? “No.” Jams? “No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.” Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register. Pepper? “No.” Laundry soap? “Hmm.” Porter stops. He smells blood. He quickly remembers her last order. Article12_S_popwin_ He smells … 1. What impression can you get from this sentence? He is a very skillful salesman, sensitive to potential customer’s needs. 2. What kind of rhetorical device is used here? The rhetorical device used here is called metaphor. He is just like an animal hunting its prey ( 猎物 ).

146. Article12_W_popwin_ register Spices? “No.” Jams? “No. Maybe nothing today, Bill.” Porter’s hearing is the one perfect thing his body does. Except when he gets a live one. Then the word “no” does not register. Pepper? “No.” Laundry soap? “Hmm.” Porter stops. He smells blood. He quickly remembers her last order. register: v. 1) be recognized or noted mentally 2) record a name, an event, etc. for official purposes 他没登记成为选民。 He was not registered as a voter. The professor’s name didn’t register with the students. How many registered in the course?

147. Article13_W “Say, aren’t you about out of soap? That’s what you bought last time. You ought to be out right about now.” “You’re right, Bill. I’ll take one.” He arrives home, in a rainstorm, after 7 p.m. Today was not profitable. He tells himself not to worry. Four days left in the week. At least he’s off his feet and home. Inside, an era is preserved. The telephone is a heavy, rotary model. There is no VCR, no cable. His is the only house in the neighborhood with a television antenna on the roof.

148. Article13_W_popwin_ profitable “Say, aren’t you about out of soap? That’s what you bought last time. You ought to be out right about now.” “You’re right, Bill. I’ll take one.” He arrives home, in a rainstorm, after 7 p.m. Today was not profitable. He tells himself not to worry. Four days left in the week. At least he’s off his feet and home. Inside, an era is preserved. The telephone is a heavy, rotary model. There is no VCR, no cable. His is the only house in the neighborhood with a television antenna on the roof. profitable: adj. bringing profit or advantage Based in New York City, Random House owns many of the most prestigious and profitable book publishing companies in the United States. I didn’t find the talk very profitable. On the contrary, I thought it was nonsense.

149. Article14_W He leads a solitary life. Most of his human contact comes on the job. Now, he heats the oven and slips in a frozen dinner because it’s easy to fix. The job usually takes him 10 hours. He’s a weary man who knows his days -- no matter what his intentions -- are numbered. He works on straight commission. He gets no paid holidays, vacations or raises. Yes, some months are lean. In 1993, he needed back surgery to relieve pain caused from decades of walking. He was laid up for five months and couldn’t work. He was forced to sell his house. The new owners, familiar with his situation, froze his rent and agreed to let him live there until he dies.

150. He leads a solitary life. Most of his human contact comes on the job. Now, he heats the oven and slips in a frozen dinner because it’s easy to fix. The job usually takes him 10 hours. He’s a weary man who knows his days -- no matter what his intentions -- are numbered. He works on straight commission. He gets no paid holidays, vacations or raises. Yes, some months are lean. In 1993, he needed back surgery to relieve pain caused from decades of walking. He was laid up for five months and couldn’t work. He was forced to sell his house. The new owners, familiar with his situation, froze his rent and agreed to let him live there until he dies. Article14_S_popwin_ The new What does “froze his rent” mean? It means that the new owner agreed not to increase his rent.

151. Article14_W_popwin_ commission He leads a solitary life. Most of his human contact comes on the job. Now, he heats the oven and slips in a frozen dinner because it’s easy to fix. The job usually takes him 10 hours. He’s a weary man who knows his days -- no matter what his intentions -- are numbered. He works on straight commission. He gets no paid holidays, vacations or raises. Yes, some months are lean. In 1993, he needed back surgery to relieve pain caused from decades of walking. He was laid up for five months and couldn’t work. He was forced to sell his house. The new owners, familiar with his situation, froze his rent and agreed to let him live there until he dies. commission: n. money paid to sb. for selling goods which increases with the quantity of goods sold If a salesperson is paid on commission, the amount they receive depends on the amount they sell.

152. Article14_W_popwin_ be laid up with He leads a solitary life. Most of his human contact comes on the job. Now, he heats the oven and slips in a frozen dinner because it’s easy to fix. The job usually takes him 10 hours. He’s a weary man who knows his days -- no matter what his intentions -- are numbered. He works on straight commission. He gets no paid holidays, vacations or raises. Yes, some months are lean. In 1993, he needed back surgery to relieve pain caused from decades of walking. He was laid up for five months and couldn’t work. He was forced to sell his house. The new owners, familiar with his situation, froze his rent and agreed to let him live there until he dies. be laid up: have to stay in bed because you are ill, injured, etc. I was laid up for five days with a cold. The football player was laid up with a twisted knee.

153. Article16_W From his easy chair he hears the wind lash his house and the rain pound the street outside his home. He must dress warmly tomorrow. He’s sleepy. With great care he climbs the stairs to his bedroom. In time, the lights go off. Morning will be here soon.

154. Article16_S_popwin_ From his … From his easy chair he hears the wind lash his house and the rain pound the street outside his home. He must dress warmly tomorrow. He’s sleepy. With great care he climbs the stairs to his bedroom. In time, the lights go off. Morning will be here soon. 1. What does “pound” mean here? It means “to beat or hit repeatedly and heavily”. 2. Translate this sentence into Chinese. 他坐在安乐椅上，只听得呼啸的大风猛烈地冲击着他的房子，大 雨击打着屋外的街面。

155. Article16_W_popwin_ go off From his easy chair he hears the wind lash his house and the rain pound the street outside his home. He must dress warmly tomorrow. He’s sleepy. With great care he climbs the stairs to his bedroom. In time, the lights go off. Morning will be here soon. go off: (of electric power, a light, etc.) stop functioning or operating 暖气发生了故障，昨晚我没睡好。 I didn’t sleep well last night as all the heating went off.