1. Enzyme

2. Table of Contents 1. Enzyme Notes
2. Enzyme lab pre & post questions (2 stamps)
3. Catalase lab data collection and rough draft
4. Notes on Enzyme Activity

3. Pre Lab Quiz
What indicator is used to test for the disaccharide sucrose?
When sucrose undergoes hydrolysis, what are the products of the reaction?
What kind of molecule speeds up the hydrolysis of sucrose?
What indicator can be used to detect the presence of the monomers produced?

4. Pre Lab Quiz
What indicator is used to test for the disaccharide sucrose? NONE!
When sucrose undergoes hydrolysis, what are the products of the reaction? Glucose and Fructose (monosaccharides)
What kind of molecule speeds up the hydrolysis of sucrose? Enzymes
What indicator can be used to detect the presence of the monomers produced? Benedicts (with heat)

5. 2–4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
Section Outline
Section 2-4
2–4 Chemical Reactions and Enzymes
A. Chemical Reactions
B. Energy in Reactions
1. Energy Changes
2. Activation Energy
C. Enzymes
D. Enzyme Action
1. The Enzyme-Substrate Complex
2. Regulation of Enzyme Activity

6. Anatomy of a Chemical Equation
Chemical Reactions
Anatomy of a Chemical Equation + +
Reactant
Reactant
Product
Product
YIELDS
(“To produce”)
“Reacts with”
“and”, etc.
“and”

7. Chemical Reactions + + Example Enzyme Sucrose Water Glucose Fructose
YIELDS
(“To produce”)
“Reacts with”
“and”, etc.
“and”

8. Effect of Enzymes Reaction pathway without enzyme Activation energy
Section 2-4
Reaction pathway
without enzyme
Activation energy
without enzyme
Reactants
Activation
energy
with enzyme
Reaction pathway
with enzyme
Products

9. Enzyme/Substrate Complex

10. ENZYMES ARE PROTEINS

11. More examples of enzymes and substrated
Lactase
Lactose
Sucrase
Amylase
Bromelin
Pectin
Sucrose
Starch

12. Lab Advice Make a Hypothesis Draw the experimental setup
Label beakers (DO NOT WRITE ON WHITE PART)
Label test tubes (DO NOT WRITE ON WHITE PART)
Label pipettes
Come to the front to get your chemicals
After adding the Benedicts to the test tubes, finger vortex for 30 seconds before putting in water bath.

13. Clean Up Instructions
Return any unused solutions to the stock bottles up front
Rinse all test tubes and place them upside down to dry
Return evertyhing to the white basket.

14. CATALASE AND H2O2 + It Bubbles
You cut yourself – mom pours hydrogen peroxide on the cut. What happens? Why? Equation:
It Bubbles
There is a chemical reaction (and an enzyme) +
H2O2
H2O (l)
O2 (g)
Catalase

15. Catalase Lab Advice
You will be using a jumbo test tube instead of a cup
Pour your peroxide in s l o w l y! Otherwise it will overflow and you will not get a reading.
DO NOT POUR YOUR REACTION WASTE DOWN THE SINK. It is raw chicken liver and it will smell bad for months. There is a waste container up front for disposal.

16. Data and Graph rough draft
Average your times for each 30 second interval
Get averages of other groups that had the same amount of catalase as you.
Average all those times for each 30 second interval together.
Make a rough draft graph of your now much more accurate data
Divide your graph into 2 sections (where the graph slope changes drastically)
HW) Find the rate of the first section in units of degrees Celcius / second

17. Analysis Question Number 4
4a. Do your increase in rate calculations support your hypothesis concerning enzyme concentration? Explain how you calculated the rate.
4b. Why did the temperature decrease/plateau after reaching a peak?

18. Enzyme Activity Temperature pH
Enzyme Activity depends on factors such as
Temperature pH

19. Explain this graph
Enzyme works fastest
Enzyme Denatures (breaks down)

20. pH Scale and Enzymes

21. Explain this graph

22. Question for catalase lab
What is the effect of increased catalase concentration on the breakdown of peroxide measured by increasing temperature of reaction?

23. Figure 2-19 Chemical Reactions
Section 2-4
Energy-Absorbing Reaction
Energy-Releasing Reaction
Products
Activation
energy
Activation energy
Reactants
Reactants
Products

24. Figure 2-19 Chemical Reactions
Section 2-4
Energy-Absorbing Reaction
Energy-Releasing Reaction
Products
Activation
energy
Activation energy
Reactants
Reactants
Products