1. THE STORY OF VILLAGE PALAMPUR
ECONOMICS
CLASS-IX
lesson -1
THE STORY OF VILLAGE PALAMPUR

2. THE STORY OF VILLAGE PALAMPUR
lesson -1
THE STORY OF VILLAGE PALAMPUR
ORGANISATION OF PRODUCTION
THE STORY OF PALAMPUR, AN IMAGINARY VILLAGE, IS TO INTRODUCE SOME BASIC
CONCEPTS RELATING TO THE PRODUCTION AND OTHER MAIN ACTIVITIES.
THE AIM OF PRODUCTION IS TO PRODUCE THE GOODS AND SERVICES THAT WE WANT.
THERE ARE FOUR FACTORS OF PRODUCTION:
LAND, LABOUR, CAPITAL AND ORGANISATION.

3. LAND :THE FIRST REQUIREMENT IS LAND AND OTHER NATURAL RESOURSES ARE WATER, FORESTS, MINERALS etc.
LABOUR:LABOUR IS THE WORKING FORCE. THEY ARE OF 2 TYPES. SKILLED WORKERS AND MANUAL LABOURERS.
PHYSICAL CAPITAL: TOOLS, MACHINES,BUILDINGS etc ARE CONSIDERED AS FIXED CAPITAL. RAW MATERIALS AND MONEY IN HAND ARE THE WORKING CAPITAL.
THE FORTH REQUIREMENT IS THE HUMAN CAPITAL. EVERY PRODUCTION IS ORGANISED BY COMBINING LAND, LABOUR, PHYSICAL CAPITALAND HUMAN CAPITAL WHICH ARE KNOWN AS FACTORS OF PRODUCTION.

4. WHEAT LAND AREA UNDER CULTIVATION IS FIXED:
FARMING IN PALAMPUR
LAND AREA UNDER CULTIVATION IS FIXED:
FARMING IS THE THE MAIN ACTIVITY.
75 % OF THE PEOPLE ARE ENGAGED
IN THAT ACTIVITY.
AFTER 1960, THER WAS NO EXPANSION OF LAND .
NO FURTHER SCOPE TO INCREASE
THE FARM PRODUCTION.

5. farming activities

6. CAN WE GROW MORE FROM THE SAME LAND?
NO LAND IS LEFT IDLE IN PALAMPUR. ALL LAND IS BROUGHT UNDER CULTIVATION. .DURING THE RAINY SEASON FARMERS GROW JOWAR AND BAJRA. DURING OCTOBER AND DECEMBER THEY CULTIVATE POTATO.
IN THE WINTER SEASON WHEAT IS THE MAIN CROP. THE SURPLUS WHEAT PRODUCED WILL BE SOLD IN THE MARKET – RAIGANJ. SUGARCANE IS ALSO CULTIVATED ONCE IN A YEAR.
THE WELL DEVELOPED SYSTEM OF IRRIGATION ( ELECTRIC –RUN –TUBE WELLS)
IS HELPING THEM TO GROW THREE CROPS IN A YEAR.

7. ONE WAY OF INCREASING PRODUCTION FROM THE SAME LAND IS MULTIPLE CROPPING. THE OTHER WAY S TO USE MODERN FARMING METHODS. TRADITIONAL YIELDS REQUIRES LESS
IRRIGATION.
THE USE OF HYV’S ENSURE BETTER PRODUCTION AND REQUIRE SMORE AMOUNT OF WATER AND CHEMICAL FERTILISERS.
FARMERS ARE USING TUBE WELLS FOR IRRIGATION , FARM MECHINERIES LIKE TRACTORS, THRESHERS ETC.
YIELD OF WHEAT (EARLIER)
1300 KGS PER HECTRE.
NOW
3200 KG.PER HECTRE.

8. ? QUIZ ZONE..... WHEAT FIELDS 1. WHAT IS THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
MULTIPLE CROPPING AND MODREN
FARMING METHODS?
2. WHAT KIND OF FARMING METHODS
DO THE FARMERS FOLLOW IN YOUR REGION?
WHEAT FIELDS

9. WILL THE LAND SUSTAIN? 1965-66 10 1970-71 12 24 1980-81 11 36 1990-91
THE OVER USE OF SOIL LEADS TO LESS SOIL FERTILITY.MORE USE OF GROUND WATER
HAS REDUCING THE WATER- TABLE. ONCE DESTROYED , IT IS VERY DIFFICULT TO RESTORE THEM.
PRODUCTION OF PULSES AND WHEAT.
year
Production of pulses
Production of wheat 10 12 24 11 36 14 55 70

10. LET’S DISCUSS: WHY FARMERS CULTIVATE SMALL PICE OF LAND?
HOW IS LAND DISTRIBUTED
BETWEEN THE FARMERS OF PALAMPUR.
IN PALAMPUR ONE THIRD OF THE 450 FAMILIES
ARE LAND LESS.( 150). OF THE REMAINING FAMILIES
WHO OWN LAND, 240 FAMILIES CULTIVATE SMALL
PLOTS.( LESS THAN 2 ACRES).
LARGE NUMBER OF SMALL PLOTS ARE SCATTERED AROUND THE VILLAGE . THESE ARE CULTIVATED BY SMALL FARMERS. 60 FAMILIES ARE OF MEDIUM AND LARGE FARMERS CULTIVATE MORE THAN 2 ACRES. A FEW LARGE FARMERS HAVE OVER 10 HECTRES OR MORE.
LET’S DISCUSS: WHY FARMERS
CULTIVATE SMALL PICE OF LAND?

11. A VILLAGE SCENE

12. A SCENE FROM PALAMPUR

13. WHO WILL PROVIDE THE LABOUR?
LET’S DISCUSS: WOULD YOU AGREE THAT THE
DISTRIBUTION OF CULTIVATED
LAND IS UNEQUAL IN PALAMPUR?
WHO WILL PROVIDE THE LABOUR?
LABOUR IS VERY NECESSARY IN PRODUCTION.
FARMING REQUIRES BIG DEAL OF HARD WORK.
SMALL FARMERS WORK ALONG WITH THEIR FAMILIES. MEDIUM AND LARGE FARMERS HIRE FARM LABOURERS TO WORK ON DAILY BASIS.
LABOURERS DO NOT HAVE A RIGHT OVER THE CROPS GROWN. THEY ARE PAID WAGES IN CASH
OR IN KIND. WAGES VARY WIDELY TO REGIONS.
DURATION OF EMPLYMENT IS ALSO VARIES.

14. 6. THE CAPITAL NEEDED IN FARMING.
ALL FARMING METHODS REQUIRE AGREAT DEAL
OF CAPITAL. SO THE FARMER NEEDS MORE MONEY.
THEY WILL BORROW MONEY FROM MONEY
LENDERS. LATER THEY ARE PUT TO GREAT
DISTRESS TO REPAY THE LOAN.
THE MEDIUM ANL LARGE FARMERS HAVE THEIR
OWN SAVINGS FROM FARMING. THEY ARE ABLE
TO ARRANGE THEIR CAPITAL.

15. 7. SALE OF SURPLUS FARM PRODUCTS.
Small farmers have little surplus wheat because
Their total production is small. So the large and
medium producers supply wheat to the market
and gets good earnings. This savings is used for
lending to small farmers as working capital for
Farming. Thus they will be buying new tractors or
other required things with the surplus money.

16. NON-FARMING ACTIVITIES
ONLY 25 % OF THE PEOPLE OF PALAMPUR ARE
WORKING IN ACTIVITIES OTHER THAN AGRICULTURE.
DAIRY _ FARMING: IS A COMMON ACTIVITY OF MANY FAMILIES. THE SURPLUS MILK IS SOLD IN THE NEARBY MARKET OF RAIGANJ.
2. SAMLL SCALE MANUFACTURING: LESS THAN FIFTY PEOPLE ARE ENGAGED IN MANUFACTURING INDUSTRIES. THEY FOLLOW VERY SIMPLE PRODUCTION METHODS AND CARRIED OUT MOSTLY AT HOME WITH THE HELP OF FAMILY MEMBERS. RARELY ARE LABOURERS HIRED.

17. 3. SHOP KEEPERS : TRANSPORT: A FAST DEVELOPING SECTOR :
VERY LITTE PEOPLE INVOLVED IN EXCHANGE
OF GOODS IN PLAMPUR. THE TRADERS ARE SHOP
KEEPERS WHO BUY GOODS FROM ELSE WHERE.
THEY SELL A VIDE RANGE OF ITEMS.
TRANSPORT:
A FAST DEVELOPING SECTOR :
THERE ARE VARIETY OF VEHICLES ON THE ROAD
CONNECTING PALAMPUR TO RAIGANJ. RICKSAWS,
TONGAS, JEEP, TRACTOR, TRUCK ETC ARE USED BY
THE VILLAGERS. THEY FERRY PEPLE FROM ONE
PLACE TO ANOTHER.

18. SUMMARY FARMING IS MAIN PRODUCTION ACTIVITY.
MANY CHANGES IN FARMING ARE PRACTICED.
THIS HELPED THEM TO PRODUCE MORE CROPS.
THE LAND IS FIXED, BUT BUT THE PRESSURE IS MORE
NEW FARMING NEED LESS LAND, BUT MORE CAPITAL.
80% OF THEM ARE SMALL FARMERS.
THEY HAVE NO CAPITAL & LESS PRODUCTION.
THEY HAVETO DO ADDITIONAL WORKS TO FEED THEMSELVES.
LABOUR IS ABUNDANT. BUT NOT FOLLOWING NEW METHODS OF FARMING.SO MIGRATING.
NON FARM SECTOR IS NOT LARGE.
THE CAPITAL FOR THAT IS NOT AVAIALABLE.

19. SUMMARY NON FARM SECTOR IS NOT VERY LARGE .
24 /100 ARE ONLY ENGAGED IN THAT.
LACK OF CAPITAL IS THE PROBLEM.
THEY ARE DEPENDING UPON MONEY LENDERS.
LACK OF MARKET IS ANOTHER LIMITATION
FOR NON FARMING ACTIITIES.
THEY ARE DEPENDING ON OTHER PLACES
FOR MANY ITEMS.
IF THE VILLAGE CAN BE CONNECTED TO TOWNS
WITH GOOD ROADS, TRANSPORT, TELEPHONE,
IT I SPOSSIBLE THAT THE PRODUCTON OF
EVERY VILLAGE CAN BE INCREASED.

20. potato
Wheat fields

21. sugarcane

22. prepared & presented by:
THANK YOU
prepared & presented by:
Smt. Albina Kujur
T.G.T S.St
K.V. No. 4 Korba