1. Solution Chemistry Unit III
4. Polar and Non Polar Solvent

2. Like Dissolves Like
Polar solutes dissolve in polar solvents and non-polar solutes dissolve in non-polar solvents
Sucrose is a polar covalent solute
Grease is a non polar covalent solute

3. How this Works
Marbles
Magnet

4. How this Works

5. How this Works

6. How this Works

7. How this Works

8. Like Dissolves Like
A non-polar solute does not mix well with a polar solvent and visa versa.
Alcohol or hydrochloric acid (HCl), being polar compounds, both dissolve well in the polar solvent water.
Oil or CCl4, being non-polar, do not mix well at all with water.

9. London Forces
Nonpolar solutes require solvents with sufficient London Forces to remove solute out of crystal and into solution
Non polar solvents have large London forces
Polar solvents have small London forces

10. Why doesn’t paint thinner dissolve salt?
Answer: the paint thinner molecules have no charges to attract the ions (non-polar)

11. Overview Material Best Solvent Ionic Solids (NaCl)
Polar covalent (water)
Polar-covalent solids
(sugar)
Non-polar covalent
(iodine, grease)
Non-Polar covalent (paint thinner, gasoline, diesel fuel)

12. Hebden Do Exercises 17 on page 205 Do Exercise 18-22 on page 207