1. III. Particles in Solution
Ch Solutions
III. Particles in Solution
“Like Dissolves Like”
Electrolytes
Colligative Properties

2. A. “Like Dissolves Like”
NONPOLAR
POLAR
Detergents
polar “head” with long nonpolar “tail”
can dissolve both types

3. B. Electrolytes Electrolyte Weak Electrolyte Non- Electrolyte+
salt - +
acetic acid - +
sugar
Electrolyte
Weak
Electrolyte
Non-
Electrolyte
solute exists as
ions only
solute exists as
ions and
molecules
solute exists as
molecules only

4. B. Electrolytes Dissociation
separation of +/- ions when an ionic compound dissolves in water

5. B. Electrolytes Ionization
breaking apart of polar covalent molecules into ions when dissolving in water

6. C. Colligative Properties
properties of solutions that depend only on solute concentration
Freezing Point Depression
solutes lower the f.p. of a solvent
Boiling Point Elevation
solutes raise the b.p. of a solvent

7. C. Colligative Properties
Freezing Point Depression
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8. C. Colligative Properties
Boiling Point Elevation
Solute particles “get in the way.”

9. C. Colligative Properties
Effect increases as the solute concentration increases.
Uses:
antifreeze
making ice cream
salting icy roads