1. Intrinsic Motivation

2. Ryan and Deci American Psychologist, 1/2000 Self-Determination Theory Facilitation of intrinsic motivation

3. Components of Intrinsic Motivation Autonomy: self-governing Competence: well-qualified, capable a.k.a self-efficacy Relatedness: support and affirmation from peers.

4. Extrinsic Motivation Needed when no intrinsic reasons Example: pay taxes Develop intrinsic over time Example: seat belt use. At first extrinsic: avoid tickets, alarms, nagging children Becomes internalized

5. Regulatory styles Ryan and Deci p. 72 Amotivation Non-regulation Don’t care about rewards and punishments. Lack of control. “They pretend to pay us and we pretend to work.”

6. Continuum of Regulation External ------------------- Internal External regulation Compliance External rewards and punishments.

7. Rewards and punishments Add toTake away from Pleasant Positive reinforcement Type II punishment Unpleasant Type I punishment Negative reinforcement

8. Effects on behavior Reinforcement Leads to an increase in behavior. Negative reinforcement: behavior removes pain or anxiety Ex: take pill for headache Punishment Leads to a decrease in behavior.

9. Internal regulation Synthesis with self-congruence. Agreement conforms to beliefs Goal is to get people to accept goals as their own. Move from compliance to self- regulation. Compliance with medication.

10. Facilitating Internalization Relatedness Desire to belong and feel connected. Group projects, share tasks Self-efficacy Improves chances of success Avoid early failures

11. Psychological needs Self-determination theory related to psychological needs. Extrinsic motivation not strongly related to well-being Wealth, fame and image. Well-being not enhanced by achievement of extrinsic goals.

12. Ryan and Deci, p 75 “Exposure to commercial media prompt a focus on materialism which provides fleeting satisfactions.” May seek extrinsic rewards to compensate for deficits in fulfilling basic psychological needs. Extrinsic rewards are insufficient and poor compensation.

13. Self actualization Promote autonomy and competence. Encourage natural potential for growth. Facilitating human achievement and well-being Provide social environment to support growth. “Hot house” Home, school, job.