1. Week 3b. Just a little bit more phology. CAS LX 522 Syntax I

2. The morphology of be I was sleepy. I was sleepy. You are sleepy. You are sleepy. We are sleepy. We are sleepy. What features does the auxiliary be have (among [±1, ±2, ±Pl, ±Past])? What features does the auxiliary be have (among [±1, ±2, ±Pl, ±Past])? If be has [-1, -2, -Pl, -Past], how is it pronounced? And [-1, -2, +Pl, +Past]? If be has [-1, -2, -Pl, -Past], how is it pronounced? And [-1, -2, +Pl, +Past]?

3. The morphology of be Consider the whole set. There are only five different pronunciations: am, are, is, was, were. How can we write a set of feature-based pronunciation rules to describe this? Consider the whole set. There are only five different pronunciations: am, are, is, was, were. How can we write a set of feature-based pronunciation rules to describe this? [-Past][+Past] [-Pl][+Pl][-Pl][+Pl] [+1]1amarewaswere [-1, +2] 2arearewerewere [-1, -2] 3isarewaswere

4. The morphology of be Try it in words first. When is the [-Past] pronounced Is? Am? Are? Try it in words first. When is the [-Past] pronounced Is? Am? Are? [-Past][+Past] [-Pl][+Pl][-Pl][+Pl] [+1]1amarewaswere [-1, +2] 2arearewerewere [-1, -2] 3isarewaswere

5. The morphology of be [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is. [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is. [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am. [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am. [-Past] = are. [-Past] = are. [-Past][+Past] [-Pl][+Pl][-Pl][+Pl] [+1]1amarewaswere [-1, +2] 2arearewerewere [-1, -2] 3isarewaswere

6. The morphology of be [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is. [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is. [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am. [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am. [-Past] = are. [-Past] = are. [-Past][+Past] [-Pl][+Pl][-Pl][+Pl] [+1]1amarewaswere [-1, +2] 2arearewerewere [-1, -2] 3isarewaswere Morphology often has this character, where the pronunciation rules have a “specific case” and a “general case” if the specific case does not apply.

7. The morphology of be [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is. [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is. [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am. [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am. [-Past] = are. [-Past] = are. [-Past][+Past] [-Pl][+Pl][-Pl][+Pl] [+1]1amarewaswere [-1, +2] 2arearewerewere [-1, -2] 3isarewaswere Ok, your turn. What’s the rest?

8. The morphology of be [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is.[+Past] = were [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is.[+Past] = were [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am.[ ] = are [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am.[ ] = are [+Past, -2, -Pl] = was. [+Past, -2, -Pl] = was. [-Past][+Past] [-Pl][+Pl][-Pl][+Pl] [+1]1amarewaswere [-1, +2] 2arearewerewere [-1, -2] 3isarewaswere

9. The morphology of be Ok, let’s test it out. Ok, let’s test it out. [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is.[+Past] = were [-Past, -1, -2, -Pl] = is.[+Past] = were [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am.[ ] = are [-Past, +1, -Pl] = am.[ ] = are [+Past, -2, -Pl] = was. [+Past, -2, -Pl] = was. I [+1, -2, -Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] ecstatic. I [+1, -2, -Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] ecstatic. They [-1, -2, +Pl, +Past, -N, +V, +F] leaving. They [-1, -2, +Pl, +Past, -N, +V, +F] leaving. Y’all [-1, +2, +Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] late. Y’all [-1, +2, +Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] late.

10.                       

11. The morphology of be Ok, let’s test it out. Ok, let’s test it out. I [+1, -2, -Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] ecstatic. I [+1, -2, -Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] ecstatic. They [-1, -2, +Pl, +Past, -N, +V, +F] leaving. They [-1, -2, +Pl, +Past, -N, +V, +F] leaving. Y’all [-1, +2, +Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] late. Y’all [-1, +2, +Pl, -Past, -N, +V, +F] late.