Linux on System z – A Strategic View

Linux on System z – A Strategic View
IBM System z Linux on System z – A Strategic View Len Santalucia CTO & Business Development Manager Vicom Infinity, Inc SHARE Session 9202

IBM System z Take back control of your IT infrastructure A data center in a box – not a server farm Central point of management Increased resource utilization Potentially lower cost of operations Less servers Fewer software licenses Fewer resources to manage Less energy, cooling and space Fewer intrusion points Tighter security Fewer points of failure Greater availability SHARE Session 9202

Virtualization Essentials
Server Architecture Genetics Consider the Heritage of Today’s Server Platforms x86 systems Key value proposition: end-user autonomy “Ctl-Alt-Del” not a problem for a single-user system UNIX systems Key value proposition: processor speed Sweet spot: engineering/scientific computing Mainframe systems Key value proposition: mixed workloads Highest degrees of efficiency, availability, workload mgmt, security Virtualization Essentials Virtualization technology can be significantly constrained or compromised by the underlying system architecture.

Functional Comparison of z/VM and VMware ESX
Attribute z/VM V5.4 VMware ESX 3.5 System z Value Supported operating systems Linux, z/OS, z/VSE, z/TPF, z/VM itself Linux, Windows, Netware, Solaris 10 z/VM-on-z/VM = added flexibility Scalability and Performance Hypervisor scalability Up to 32 CPUs, 256 GB of memory, More than 1 TB of active virtual memory Up to 32 CPUs, 256 GB of memory Cost-saving, extreme scalability of virtual server environment Virtual Machine (VM) scalability Up to 64 CPUs, 1 TB of memory, extensive I/O bandwidth Up to 4 CPUs, 64 GB of memory, modest I/O bandwidth Virtualizes servers on z/VM that cannot run on VMware CPU sharing No limit Up to 8 VMs per CPU Add servers without adding HW Architected (practical) VM limit Thousands (hundreds) per copy of z/VM 128 (singles) per copy of VMware Avoid real server sprawl CPU/memory capacity on demand Yes, non-disruptively No Fast, easy capacity growth In-memory support Minidisk cache; Virtual Disks in Storage; DCSS (shared program executables) Shared virtual memory pages (detected via background operation) Enhanced resource utilization Logical Partition (LPAR) support Yes Secure Linux access to z/OS Flexible Operations Resource over-commitment support (memory, CPU, network, I/O) Extensive Modest Absorb workload spikes; add more servers to a “full” system Reconfiguration of Virtual Machines Non-disruptive re-config for CPU, I/O, networking, and memory VM reboot required for re-config of CPU, memory, ethernet, disk Higher server and application availability; staff productivity Command and control, monitoring, automation infrastructure Extensive, robust, time-tested Modest, yet easy to use Cost-optimized systems management support Virtual Machine mobility support No; single-image scalability of z/VM does not require mobility for mgmt Yes; essential for workload mgmt across multiple copies of VMware Can dynamically add or remove resources to meet demand Integrity and Security Fault isolation / hypervisor security Hardware-assisted isolation*; EAL 4+ (CAPP/LSPP) No I/O virtualization separation; EAL 4+ (No protection profile) Helps to avoid security breaches; data security and integrity Run multiple copies of hypervisor on single server Yes; share CPU, I/O, and networking resources among z/VM systems Workload isolation; lower-cost failover (using same hardware) * z/VM runs in System z LPARs, which have achieved EAL 5 certification; System z HiperSockets provide high-speed, secure connectivity among LPARs.

Linux on IBM System z Linux + Virtualization + System z = SYNERGY
Linux on IBM System z Linux + Virtualization + System z = SYNERGY The legendary IBM mainframe – IBM System z Legendary dependability Extremely security-rich, highly scalable Designed for multiple diverse workloads executing concurrently Proven high volume data acquisition and management The IBM mainframe virtualization capabilities – z/VM 5.3 Improved scalability for applications with large memory requirements Increased number of virtual guests possible with dedicated devices … and improved performance and enhanced SCSI disk support Open standards operating system – Linux for System z Reliable, stable, security-rich Available from multiple distributors Plentiful availability of skills administrators and developers Large selection of applications middleware and tooling from IBM, ISVs and Open Source What makes Linux on System z unique? The combination of world-class System z products deliver outstanding strengths. This charts is the introduction chart. What makes Linux on System z unique, what are the advantages running Linux on System z? As the Linux kernel is the Linux kernel for all Linux platforms, the attributes of comprehensive platform environment provide the differentiating factors. The 4 products will be discussed on the next charts in more detail. IBM System z - see p5-10 z/VM see p13, p36-37 IBM Director Extensions, V5.10 (optional, priced feature of the IBM Virtualization Engine and Infrastructure Services for Linux on System z9 and zSeries) - see p14 Linux - see p4 SHARE Session 9202

What is Linux on System z?
A native mainframe operating environment Exploits IBM System z hardware Not a unique version of Linux Application sourcing strategy The IBM commitment to z/OS, z/VSE and z/TPF is not affected by this Linux strategy Customers are offered additional opportunities to leverage their investments through Linux New doors are opening for customers to bring Linux-centric workloads to the platform HS z/VM z/OS HS z/VM

Linux System z Choices Hipersockets 6GB/S z/VSE z/VM Linux z/OS z/OS
LPAR LPAR LPAR LPAR z10 zAAP CP CP CP CP IFL IFL zIIP

The Power and Flexibility of System z Virtualization
Over 40 years of continuous innovation in virtualization technologies Multiple images concurrently share all physical resources Resources delivered as required, automatically, based on business-oriented goals New OS images can be started without affecting ongoing work Hardware assists used to accelerate virtualization operations (e.g., SIE) Dev/Test and Optional Failover Linux Production z/OS Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux z/OS Production z/OS Pre-Production Performance Critical z/OS z/OS z/OS z/OS z/VM Linux Linux z/VM LPAR 1 LPAR 2 LPAR 3 LPAR 4 LPAR 5 LPAR 6 LPAR 7 LPAR 8 CP CP CP CP CP CP zAAP zAAP zIIP zIIP IFL IFL IFL IFL IFL IFL IFL IFL IBM System z Mainframe

What System z brings to Linux
IBM System z What System z brings to Linux The most reliable hardware platform available Redundant processors and memory Error detection and correction Remote Support Facility (RSF) Centralized Linux systems are easier to manage Designed to support mixed work loads Allows consolidation while maintaining one server per application Complete work load isolation High speed inter-server connectivity Scalability System z10 EC scales to 64 application processors System z9 EC scales to 54 application processors System z9 BC scales to 7 application processors eServer zSeries 990 scales to 32 application processors Dedicated I/O processors Hundreds of Linux virtual servers SHARE Session 9202

What is different about Linux on System z?
IBM System z What is different about Linux on System z? Access to System z specific hardware Crypto support – CPA, Crypto2 Traditional and Open I/O subsystems Disk (ECKD or SCSI) and tape SAN Volume Controller OSA-Express and OSA-Express3 for very high speed communication between z/OS and Linux HiperSockets for ultra-high speed communication between z/OS and Linux on the same machine z/VM aware Enhanced performance System management tools SHARE Session 9202

Business Case for Linux on System z
IBM System z Business Case for Linux on System z Increased solutions through Linux application portfolio Large number of highly skilled programmers familiar with Linux Integrated business solutions Data richness from System z Wide range of Linux applications Industrial strength environment Flexibility and openness of Linux Qualities of service of System z Unique ability to easily consolidate large number of servers SHARE Session 9202

Value of Linux on System z
IBM System z Value of Linux on System z Reduced Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) Environmental savings – single footprint vs. hundreds of servers Consolidation savings – less storage, less servers, less software licenses, less server management/support Improved service level Systems management (single point of control) Reliability, availability, security of System z Speed to market Capacity-on-demand capability on System z Dynamic allocation of on-line users, less than 10 seconds to add a new Linux server image using z/VM and IBM DS8000 SHARE Session 9202

What z10 EC brings to Linux Customers
4.4 GHz… Quad Core Processor Up to 64 IFLs Up to 1.5 TB memory Large Page Support Hardware Decimal Floating Point Just in Time Deployment for capacity offerings – permanent and temporary 6.0 GBps HiperSockets SCSI IPL OSA-Express3 10 Gbps HiperSockets Layer 2 Support

z10 BC Overview Single frame, air cooled
Machine Type – 2098 Model E10 Single frame, air cooled Non-raised floor option available Processor Units (PUs) 12 PUs (3.5GHZ) 2 SAPs, standard Zero spares when all PUs characterized Up to 10 PUs available for characterization Central Processors (CPs), Integrated Facility for Linux (IFLs), Internal Coupling Facility (ICFs), System z10 Application Assist Processors (zAAPs), System z10 Integrated Information Processor (zIIP), optional - additional System Assist Processors (SAPs) Memory System Minimum of 4 GB Up to 128 GB for System, including HSA (up to 256 GB, June 30, 2009) 8 GB Fixed HSA, standard Up to 120 GB for customer use (up to 248 GB, June 30, 2009) 4, 8 and 32 GB increments (32 GB increment, June 30, 2009) I/O Up to 12 I/O Interconnects per 6 GBps each 2 Logical Channel Subsystems (LCSSs) Fiber Quick Connect for ESCON and FICON LX New OSA-Express3 features

System z – The ultimate virtualization resource
IBM System z System z – The ultimate virtualization resource Massive consolidation platform 60 logical partitions, 100s to 1000s of virtual servers under z/VM Virtualization is built-in, not added-on HiperSockets for memory-speed communication Most sophisticated and complete hypervisor function available Intelligent and autonomic management of diverse workloads and system resources based on business policies and workload performance objectives Utilization often exceeds 90% Handles peak workload utilization of 100% without service level degradation IBM Mainframe CPU 1 CPU 2 CPU 3 CPU 4 Partitioning Firmware z/VM SHARE Session 9202

z/VM – Unlimited virtualization
IBM System z z/VM – Unlimited virtualization z/VM provides a highly flexible test and production environment for enterprises deploying the latest e-business solutions z/VM helps enterprises meet their growing demands for multi-system server solutions with a broad range of support for operating system environments Mature technology – z/VM introduced in 1967 Software Hypervisor integrated in hardware Sharing of CPU, memory and I/O resources Virtual network – virtual switches/routers Virtual I/O (mini-disks, virtual cache, …) Virtual appliances (SNA/NCP, etc.) Easy management Rapid install of new servers – cloning or IBM Director task z/VM Center Self-optimizing workload management “Unlimited” Virtualization = “Unlimited” Flexibility Multiple applications (100's) per logical partition – based on the most advanced and mature workload mgnt on the server market - enables reduced cost, integration and QoS Autonomic Workload Mgnt (IRD) across LPAR’s for OoS according to a goal-Business Policy Virtual I/O and Shared I/O for cost reduction Enabling of application Integration using HiperSockets (Virtual GbEtn) connections between LPAR’s / virtual servers SHARE Session 9202

The value of z/VM for Linux
IBM System z The value of z/VM for Linux Enhanced performance, growth and scalability Server consolidation enables horizontal growth N-tier architecture on two tiers of hardware Extensive support for sharing resources Virtual networking Effective isolation of Linux images, if required Increased productivity Development and testing Production support Improved operations Backup and recovery Command and control z/VM SHARE Session 9202

System z Virtualization
Can run z/VM as a guest under z/VM System z Virtualization Isolates and dispatches LPARs Facilitates virtualized networking between LPARs Uses virtualization hardware z/OS LPAR z/VM CP L inux Shared or Dedicated CPU LPARs Shared CPU LPARs System z Hardware – SIE, Hardware Assists Hardware Hypervisor (PR/SM) CMS z/VM Isolates and dispatches guests Provides virtualized CPU, memory and I/O for guests Other guest services Uses virtualization hardware The majority of virtualization functions are done directly in hardware Hardware - saves and loads guests, does address translation, optimizes wait states and spin locks, provides timer facilities, reflects I/O and timer interrupts directly to guests, provides buffer state management for QDIO, allows for second level Hypervisor (z/VM), and other functions Results in low latency, low overhead virtualization capabilities

IBM System z: The Ultimate Virtualization Platform
Virtualize everything with up to 100% utilization rates CPU, memory, network, I/O, cryptographic features, coupling facility, ... Massively scale your workload on a single System z mainframe The Linux-on-z/VM record is 97,943 virtual machines Each virtual machine on z/VM can access up to 24,576 devices Non-disruptively add anything Up to 64x CPU scalability per mainframe, 32x scalability per z/VM LPAR z/VM is designed to support more than 1 TB of active virtual memory Security for everything Highest security classification for general purpose servers in the world System z LPAR technology is EAL 5 certified Optimize and integrate it all with the IBM software portfolio Consolidate all types of workloads Smart economics: start small and grow big in the same box Rapidly respond to workload spikes Secure your virtual servers and reduce business risk Increase staff productivity and virtualize the enterprise

Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) The best LAN is one with no wires
Application serving with Linux on System z Outside world System z Demilitarized Zone (DMZ) Internal network z/VM z/OS Collaboration Server Web Application Server Public Key Infrastructure Caching Proxy Server w/ HTTP Load Balancing Application Node Firewall / LoadBalancer Protocol Firewall Load Balancer with SSL Acceleration Firewall / LoadBalancer Domain Firewall Commerce Server Directory Server Domain Name Server Internet Systems Management User Web Application Server The best LAN is one with no wires Shared File System Database Server

z/VM V5.4 – An Exceptional Virtualization Platform
z/VM can massively scale a virtual server environment with a mix of virtual and real resources for each virtual machine With exceptional levels of performance, availability, and security Virtual and real assets can be non-disruptively added when needed Optimize virtual servers with dedicated real resources Configure virtual machines with z/VM-unique facilities Up to 24,576 devices per virtual machine Linux Linux Linux CMS z/OS Virtual Resources More than 1 TB of memory (in aggregate) Simulate assets not in LPAR Add Virtual CPUs (up to 64) z/VM I/O and Network Up to 256 channel paths LPAR Resources Memory Up to 256 GB CPU Up to 32 CPUs

Dynamically add resources to z/VM LPAR
z/VM Dynamic Memory Upgrade New z/VM V5.4 Function Enhances System Availability Users can non-disruptively add memory to a z/VM LPAR Additional memory can come from: a) unused available memory, b) concurrent memory upgrade, or c) an LPAR that can release memory Memory cannot be non-disruptively removed from a z/VM LPAR z/VM virtualizes this hardware support for guest machines Currently, only z/OS and z/VM support this capability in a virtual machine environment Complements ability to dynamically add CPU, I/O, and networking resources Linux Linux Linux z/VSE z/VM z/OS Dynamically add resources to z/VM LPAR Linux z/VM I/O and Network LPAR Resources Memory New with V5.4 CPU Smart economics: non-disruptively scale your z/VM environment by adding hardware assets that can be shared with every virtual server

z/VM and Specialty Engine Support
September 2008 z/OS z/VM V5.4 LPAR Linux CP zAAP zIIP IFL Add Linux on IFLs on System z10 LPAR z/VM V5.4 IFL Linux z/OS CP Add z/OS on CPs on System z10 z/OS z/VM LPAR CP z/OS running on z/VM V5.3 Using CPs, zAAPs, zIIPs OTC pricing for z/VM V5 Sub-cap pricing for z/OS zAAP zIIP June 2007 LPAR z/VM IFL Linux Linux running on z/VM V4 Integrated Facility for Linux OTC pricing for z/VM V4 July 2001 LPAR z/VM CP z/OS Linux Linux running on z/VM V3 Standard (CP) engines MLC pricing for z/VM V3 z/OS running on z/VM V3 February 2001

z/VM-Mode LPAR Support for IBM System z10
New LPAR type for IBM System z10: z/VM-mode Allows z/VM V5.4 users to configure all CPU types in a z10 LPAR Offers added flexibility for hosting mainframe workloads Add IFLs to an existing standard-engine z/VM LPAR to host Linux workloads Add CPs to an existing IFL z/VM LPAR to host z/OS, z/VSE, or traditional CMS workloads Add zAAPs and zIIPs to host eligible z/OS specialty-engine processing Test integrated Linux and z/OS solutions in the same LPAR No change to software licensing Software continues to be licensed according to CPU type Dev/Test and Optional Failover Linux Production z/VM-mode LPAR z/OS z/OS CFCC CMS Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux z/OS Production z/OS z/OS z/OS CFCC z/VM z/VM LPAR LPAR LPAR LPAR LPAR LPAR CP CP CP CP CP zAAP zAAP zAAP zIIP zIIP ICF ICF IFL IFL IFL IFL IFL IBM System z10

Virtual CPU SHARE Redistribution Dynamic Virtual Processor Management
Allows z/VM guests to expand or contract the number of virtual processors it uses without affecting the overall CPU capacity it is allowed to consume Guests can dynamically optimize their multiprogramming capacity based on workload demand Starting and stopping virtual CPUs does not affect the total amount of CPU capacity the guest is authorized to use Linux CPU hotplug daemon starts and stops virtual CPUs based on Linux Load Average value Helps enhance the overall efficiency of a Linux-on-z/VM environment CPU 0 SHARE=25 CPU 1 SHARE=25 CPU 2 SHARE=25 CPU 3 SHARE=25 Guest SHARE = 100 CPU 0 SHARE=50 CPU 1 SHARE=50 CPU 2 Stopped CPU 3 Stopped Guest SHARE = 100 Reduced Need for Multiprogramming Stop 2 CPUs CPU 0 SHARE=50 CPU 1 SHARE=50 CPU 2 Stopped CPU 3 Stopped Guest SHARE = 100 CPU 0 SHARE=25 CPU 1 SHARE=25 CPU 2 SHARE=25 CPU 3 SHARE=25 Guest SHARE = 100 Increased Need for Multiprogramming Start 2 CPUs Note: Overall CPU capacity for a guest system can be dynamically adjusted using the SHARE setting

Extreme Virtualization with Linux on z/VM Linux Exploitation of z/VM Discontiguous Saved Segments (DCSS) DCSS support is Data-in-Memory technology Share a single, real memory location among multiple virtual machines Can reduce real memory utilization Linux exploitation: shared program executables Program executables are stored in an execute-in-place file system, then loaded into a DCSS DCSS memory locations can reside outside the defined virtual machine configuration Access to file system is at memory speeds; executables are invoked directly out of the file system (no data movement required) Avoids duplication of virtual memory and data stored on disks Helps enhance overall system performance and scalability DCSS “B” DCSS “B” DCSS “B” DCSS “A” DCSS “A” DCSS “A” DCSS “C” Virtual Memory Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux PGM “C” Real Memory PGM “B” DCSS “B” DCSS “A” DCSS “C” PGM “A” Learn more: “Using DCSS/XIP with Oracle 10g on Linux for System z”

Additional DCSS Addressability
Extreme Linux-on-z/VM Virtualization Linux Exploitation of z/VM DCSS Support Discontinguous Saved Segments (DCSS) Share a single, real memory location among multiple virtual machines Can reduce real memory utilization Linux exploitation: shared program executables Program executables are stored in an execute-in-place file system, then loaded into a DCSS DCSS memory locations can reside outside the defined virtual machine configuration Access to file system is at memory speeds; executables are invoked directly out of the file system (no data movement required) Avoids duplication of virtual memory Helps enhance overall system performance and scalability z/VM V5.4 support enhancements: Segments can reside above 2 GB address line Enables even greater system scalability New addressing limit is 512 GB 2 GB DCSS “B” DCSS “B” DCSS “B” DCSS “A” DCSS “A” DCSS “A” DCSS “C” Virtual Memory Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux PGM “C” Real Memory PGM “B” DCSS “B” DCSS “A” DCSS “C” PGM “A” Note: Maximum size of a single DCSS is 2047 MB

Load Balancer Aggregator / Multiplexer
z/VM Virtual Switch Link Aggregation With z/VM TCP/IP Stack Connectivity Support in z/VM V5.4 System z LPAR z/VM VSWITCH LACP Port 1 Port 4 Port 2 Port 3 Port 65 z/VM Port 66 Port 67 Port 68 Port 69 Port 70 Load Balancer Aggregator / Multiplexer Linux NIC VM Controller OSA (Link Aggregation Control Protocol) Switch z/VM TCP/IP Stack Up to 8 OSA ports per VSWITCH Non-disruptive networking scalability and failover for Guests and z/VM TCP/IP.

A overview of trhe flexibility of the zSeries using LPAR and z/VM
System z Virtualization Technology A Shared Everything Architecture Start Interpretive Execution - Establish architecture for guest systems - Maintain status - Invoke SIE assists Most sophisticated and functionally complete hypervisors Able to host z/OS, Linux, z/VSE, z/TPF, and z/VM-on-z/VM Shared everything architecture Highly granular resource sharing (less than 1% utilization) Any virtual CPU can access any virtual I/O path within the attached logical channel subsystem z/VM can simulate devices not physically present Application integration with HiperSockets and VLANs Intelligent and autonomic workload management PR/SM – SIE – EAL 5 LPAR Zoning: each partition has a zero-origin address space, allowing I/O access to memory without hypervisor intervention Hardware support: 10% of circuits are used for virtualization LPAR – Up to 60 Logical Partitions Shared resources per mainframe footprint Up to 64 OS-configurable CPUs Up to 10 SAP processors Up to 1.5 TB of memory Up to 1024 channel paths Up to 16 internal HiperSockets networks z/VM – SIE – EAL 4+ – 100s of Virtual Machines – Shared Memory SEB – updated A overview of trhe flexibility of the zSeries using LPAR and z/VM HW (LPAR) and SW (z/VM) hypervisors Hardware support, SIE, microcode assist Virtualization is transparent for Op Sys execution Hardware-enforced isolation The potential performance impact of the Linux server farm is isolated from the other LPARs

IBM System z Virtualization Architecture
Multi-dimensional virtualization technology System z provides logical (LPAR) and software (z/VM) partitioning PR/SM enables highly scalable virtual server hosting for LPAR and z/VM virtual machine environments IRD coordinates allocation of CPU and I/O resources among z/OS and non-z/OS LPARs* * Excluding non-shared resources like Integrated Facility for Linux processors

Built in Secured System z Processing Reduces Risk
IBM System z Built in Secured System z Processing Reduces Risk Workload Isolation Each user runs in a separate address space Supervisor state & system programs separated LPAR separation ensures processing integrity Storage Protection controls access to protected areas of storage HiperSockets communication secures network communications at memory speed Encryption Support for encryption in middleware Tape Encryption Key serving System z cryptographic capabilities System Integrity Statement For both z/OS and z/VM Common Criteria Scalability Encryption offload enabled by zIIP High performance solution Allows customers to place multiple workloads on single z/OS & Linux Images. Helps prevent malware, viruses and worms from disrupting systems operations. SHARE Session 9202

z/VM Technology – Command and Control Infrastructure Leveraging the IBM Software Portfolio
Optimize and Integrate with: - RACF Security Server for z/VM - IBM Director (z/VM Center) - IBM Tivoli OMEGAMON XE for z/VM and Linux - IBM Tivoli Provisioning Manager - IBM WebSphere solutions - IBM Tivoli Monitoring - IBM Operations Manager for z/VM - IBM SAN Volume Controller - More...

Provisioning Linux Virtual Machines on System z Using IBM Director for Linux on System z with z/VM Center Slide is hidden – shown in slide show mode The screen shot is taken from a Tivoli Provisioning Manager (TPM) set-up to show the functional richness of this product: Besides Linux a broad range of operating systems are supported – you see samples with AIX, Solaris, Linux across Intel, Power and mainframe platforms, as well as Windows operating system support Support beyond operating systems: middleware like in this example ‘DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Server Edition Many more functions in the left column of this screen shot . For Tivoli Provisioning Manager see IBM Director deployment scope: Templates for z/VM virtual machines and Linux

Provisioning Software in System z Virtual Linux Servers Using IBM Tivoli Provisioning Manager
Tivoli Provisioning Manager deployment scope: Operating systems like Linux, AIX, Windows Middleware like DB2 and WebSphere Application Server Slide is hidden – shown in slide show mode The screen shot is taken from a Tivoli Provisioning Manager (TPM) set-up to show the functional richness of this product: Besides Linux a broad range of operating systems are supported – you see samples with AIX, Solaris, Linux across Intel, Power and mainframe platforms, as well as Windows operating system support Support beyond operating systems: middleware like in this example ‘DB2 Universal Database Enterprise Server Edition Many more functions in the left column of this screen shot . For Tivoli Provisioning Manager see

Monitoring System z Virtual Linux Servers Using IBM Tivoli OMEGAMON XE for z/VM and Linux
Combined product offering that monitors z/VM and Linux for System z Provides work spaces that display: Overall system health Workload metrics for logged-in users Individual device metrics LPAR Data Provides composite views of Linux running on z/VM

IBM Tivoli Virtualization Management for System z Helping Clients Manage and Control Their Virtualized IT Infrastructure IBM System z Virtualization Infrastructure Provisioning Management Monitoring for Virtualization Infrastructure Business Services Management … Automation for Virtualization Infrastructure Storage Network Security Extended Infrastructure Management Application Layer Management Resilience Management

IBM Tivoli Virtualization Management Portfolio for Linux on z/VM
IBM System z Virtualization Infrastructure IBM System z hardware (including LPAR hypervisor) IBM z/VM Version 5 Extended Infrastructure Management (Security) IBM z/VM RACF Security Server (z/VM priced feature) IBM Tivoli zSecure IBM Tivoli Access Manager for e-business IBM Tivoli Access Manager for OS IBM Tivoli Federated Identity Manager IBM Tivoli Identity Manager IBM Directory Server IBM Directory Integrator IBM Tivoli Risk Manager Extended Infrastructure Management (Storage) IBM SAN Volume Controller (SVC) IBM Tivoli Storage Manager IBM TotalStorage Productivity Center IBM Backup and Restore Manager for z/VM IBM Tape Manager for z/VM IBM Archive Manager for z/VM Extended Infrastructure Management (Network) IBM z/VM RSCS (z/VM priced feature) Monitoring for Virtualization Infrastructure z/VM Virtual Machine Resource Manager (included with z/VM) IBM z/VM Performance Toolkit for VM (z/VM priced feature) IBM Director IBM Tivoli OMEGAMON XE on z/VM and Linux IBM Tivoli Monitoring IBM Tivoli Composite Application Manager for SOA IBM Tivoli Usage and Accounting Manager Automation for Virtualization Infrastructure IBM Operations Manager for z/VM IBM Tivoli Enterprise Console IBM Tivoli Workload Scheduler Provisioning Management IBM z/VM DirMaint (z/VM priced feature) z/VM Center task of IBM Director IBM Tivoli Provisioning Manager Business Services Management IBM Tivoli Business Service Manager IBM Tivoli Service Request Manager IBM Change and Configuration Management Database (CCMDB) Resiliency Management IBM Tivoli System Automation for Multiplatforms Application Layer Management IBM Tivoli Application Dependency Discovery Manager IBM Tivoli OMEGAMON XE for Messaging IBM Tivoli Composite Application Manager for Response Time IBM Tivoli Composite Application Manager for Web Resources IBM Tivoli Composite Application Manager for Transactions IBM Tivoli License Compliance Manager For specific releases, refer to Tivoli Platform Support Matrix at: ibm.com/software/sysmgmt/products/support/Tivoli_Supported_Platforms.html

Infrastructure simplification
IBM System z Infrastructure simplification Customers leveraging scale up and scale out technologies to simplify and integrate their on demand operating environment As one solution option: Large SMP and Rack Optimized servers integrated with Linux, Java and Grid technologies can enable this transformation File/Print Servers DNS Servers Database Transaction Web Servers Application Security & Directory Services File/Print Servers Scale Out Rack Optimized Scale Up Large SMP Application Servers Collaboration Servers Terminal Serving SSL Appliances Corporate Infrastructure Web Services E-Commerce Applications Deep Computing Clusters Java Linux Grid Data Reference Backup SAN UI Data DNS Servers Web Servers Application Security & Directory Servers File/Print LAN Servers Database Business Data Routers Switches Caching Appliances SSL Firewall Today’s Environment, Simplified Infrastructure Simplification is about customers leveraging scale up and scale out technologies, in combination with virtualization and provisioning to simplify their complex IT environments. These technologies establish a foundation for the on demand operating environment, that is efficient, resilient and secure. The new on demand environment is also flexible and responsive to future business challenges. SHARE Session 9202

Ideal blade implementations
IBM System z Ideal blade implementations Clustered workloads Distributed computing applications Infrastructure applications Small database Processor and memory intensive workloads Centralized storage solutions Virtualization DNS Servers Database Servers Transaction Web Servers Application Security & Directory Services File/Print Servers Scale Up Large SMP File/Print Servers Scale Out Rack Optimized Application Servers Collaboration Servers Terminal Serving SSL Appliances Infrastructure Web Services E-Commerce Applications Deep Computing Clusters Examples of workloads that are best placed on systems like the BladeCenter are high-performance computing clustered workloads, applications that are best placed in a distributed environments, infrastructure applications like domain name servers and small database solutions. Also, applications which tend to be processor and memory intensive are good candidates. Centralized storage solutions may also be good candidates. SHARE Session 9202

Ideal mainframe implementations
IBM System z Ideal mainframe implementations High performance transaction processing I/O Intensive workloads Large database serving High resiliency and security Unpredictable and highly variable workload spikes Low utilization infrastructure applications Rapid provisioning and re-provisioning DNS Servers Database Servers Transaction Web Servers Application Security & Directory Services File/Print Servers Scale Up Large SMP Virtualization Scale Out Rack Optimized Application Servers E-Commerce Applications Terminal Serving Infrastructure Deep Computing Clusters When it comes to the central “mainframe-class” server, there are other workloads that fit best. For example, high performance transaction processing systems like reservations systems and banking applications, applications which are I/O intensive including large database are good candidates. Systems that require very reliable and secure environments are obvious candidates. And when it comes to workloads that are unpredictable and/or highly variable, may be low utilization or require rapid provisioning are excellent candidates for the virtualized environment available with zSeries and to a lesser extent with iSeries or even pSeries. Collaboration Servers File/Print Servers SSL Appliances Web Services SHARE Session 9202

Selecting an application
IBM System z Selecting an application Performance on System z CPUs is superior to any other CPUs on any other platforms CPU speed is not the entire story – it’s in the architecture! Architecture designed for multiple or consolidated workloads System z has definite advantage with applications that have mixed CPU and I/O System z10 Enterprise Quad Core 4.4 GHZ System z and z/VM provide the best virtualization capabilities All workload types are eligible Good planning is essential IBM can Perform sizing estimate Perform Application Assessment Perform zRACE TCO Business Case Analysis Assist with planning and initial installation needs SHARE Session 9202

Where to deploy – System z or “distributed”
IBM System z Where to deploy – System z or “distributed” Technical Considerations Other Considerations System z  “distributed” Application availability Certification of solution on hardware/software platform Workload Management Manageability and scaling characteristics Especially DB2 on z/OS Proximity of data to application The best network is an internal network! Quality of Service Speed of deployment Instances 2 - n Data Intensity   Compute Intensity SHARE Session 9202

Simplified Design Differences Between Distributed and Z
Healthy Cores Adequate Bus Great Performance* Good Throughput* Core Core Core Core Bus Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Core Adequate Cores Healthy Bus Good Performance* Great Throughput* Bus Core Core Core Core

Linux on IBM System z Take back control of your IT infrastructure
Linux on IBM System z Take back control of your IT infrastructure Unify the infrastructure IT optimization and server consolidation based on virtualization technology and Linux Linux can help to simplify systems management with today's heterogeneous IT environment Leverage the mainframe data serving strengths Deploy in less time, accessing core data on z/OS Reduced networking complexity and improved security network “inside the box” A secure and flexible business environment Linux open standards support for easier application integration Unparalleled scale up / scale out capabilities Virtual growth instead of physical expansion on x86 or RISC servers Leverage strengths across the infrastructure Superior performance, simplified management, security-rich environment High-performance security-rich processing with Crypto2 cryptographic co-processors Backup and restore processes While Linux brings advantages to all the platforms it runs on, choosing the correct platform for your Linux applications can provide significant advantages. Although the Linux kernel is identical for all Linux platforms, the world-class System z hardware and virtualization capabilities enhance Linux when running on System z. It’s the specific combination of Linux, System z servers and z/VM virtualization capabilities, unavailable on other architectures, that provide customers unique value propositions to better control their IT infrastructure. Unify the infrastructure Unify the distributed server environment consisting of many different servers, running a variety of operating systems, through centralization to one operating environment - System z and Linux Linux can help optimize IT resources, simplify systems management and reduce IT complexity. This optimization is achieved with products, such as the Virtualization Engine and Infrastructure Services supporting enterprise-wide systems management, or LDAP security services setup with the Tivoli Identity Manager together with Tivoli Access manager. Leverage the mainframe data serving strengths Running applications on the same physical server, close to the data managed by DB2 on z/OS, provides security and manageability advantages. In addition, Linux as an open standard operating system provides easy application deployment capabilities. Running the application and data on one server reduces the network hardware and software requirements as well as the network complexity, while providing more security as the network is run on HiperSockets which are internal to the System z server. A secure and flexible business environment Flexibility is required for IT infrastructures, enabling the ability to respond immediately to changing market demands. Open standards are a major technology component that delivers the flexibility. Linux is an open standards based operating system that can be a major enabler for easier and more rapid application integration. Flexibility is required for the provisioning of new servers, to respond to workload peaks or specific customer requirements such as additional test or education servers. The System z virtualization capabilities delivered with the mainframe hardware and z/VM enable customers to provision virtual Linux servers in minutes. Leverage strengths across the infrastructure Linux on the System z can help to control your IT infrastructure, providing performance, easier systems management and a security rich environment. Linux running on mainframes provides high qualities of service for your Linux applications utilizing the historical strengths of the System z environment and the established business processes and disciplines for disaster recovery and business resiliency. SHARE Session 9202

3 year Business Case Substantial hardware cost savings,
especially with System x Software is a major cost driver especially WebLogic and Oracle costs per engine. System x provides no relief People costs are significantly reduced Productivity would improve with Linux on System z. System z already has IT process and administration tools to run efficiently Bottom Line: after considerable “what if” analysis, the conclustion for this situation was Solaris is approximately 3-4 times the 3-year cost of zLinux. Planned IT expense of $1.5 million vs $7.4 million…potential savings 79%

IBM System z Harness the value of a System z9 EC Mainframe’s high utilization and transform your enterprise’s IT costs Leverage an incremental IFL in a Web Serving environment and potentially reduce costs by up to 58% when compared to a equivalent Opteron based Sun Solution Savings driven by: Consolidation of OTC SW licenses from 22 to 1 Savings increase as solutions scale up to a 54 way System z Other likely Savings: Energy – adding 22 Intel servers consume 6358 watts vs. 0 watts for one incremental IFL* Space – adding 22 Intel servers requires 5 square feet. Turning on an IFL takes 0 and you can have up to 54 of them (or 789** equivalent Intel servers) with no additional space People – adding an IFL or multiple IFLs will not likely require more people to manage them This chart demonstrates the financial value of the high utilization capability of IBM z9 engines versus the typically low utilizations Distributed server engines. The z9 IFL is assumed to be running at 90% in this scenario (they are capable of running at 100%, and many customers run them at that level.) The Sun SunFire X2100s with Intel Opteron engines are assumed to be running at a composite utilization of 5%. This dramatic variance in utilization helps drive the economics of the scenario. We chose 5% Utilization because this is a typical composite environment. The 5% Utilization includes Servers for production, development, test and availability. Since software and maintenance for distributed servers and IFLs are often priced on a per engine basis, savings will frequently be realized with a fewer IBM IFLs versus many distributed engines, as in this case. z9 EC 1-Way plus 1 IFL vs 22 Sun SunFire X2100s z9 EC 1-Way SUN $ = K w/ Oracle DB w/ Oracle DB 1 x IFLs SF X W Delta MIPS 0 MSUs 0 Hardware $125 $47 ($78) Maintenance $ $78 $ 43 OS SW $ $ $ 0 zVM $ $ 0 ($39) LINUX OS $ $ $ 8 DB2 SW $ $ $ 0 Oracle DB SW $ $ $ 0 DB2 Connect $ $ $ 0 CICS $ $ $ 0 IMS $ $ $ 0 MQ $ $ $ 0 WebS Comm $ $ $ 0 WAS ND final $ $462 $441 HW & OS SW S/T $125 $47 ($78) Total $ $ $375 % vs z % % SW S/T $ $ $409 SW stack includes WebSphere Application Server ND, Linux and zVM Based on estimated capacity measurements, and 5% server composite utilization for Intel, your actual savings may vary *Microcode upgrade only ** Based on 5% composite Utilization First National Bank of Omaha - Ken Kucera, senior vice president and division head of FNBO Enterprise Technology Services “For every application I had, I needed another one to five servers behind that, for things like development and application and Web serving. And every 20 servers translates to another body to administer them.” SHARE Session 9202

IT Cost Savings powered by z/VM Virtualization on z10 EC
Consolidating 760 Linux servers z/VM versus x86 Virtualization Oracle DB Workload 3-Year Total IT Cost Your IT Cost may vary: $30.4 M Savings versus x86 without Virtualization 91% Less Hardware 304 x86 Processor Cores vs 26 IFLs Potential for dramatic reductions in software expense for processor based licenses Reductions in power and cooling 81% Savings in KWatts and Energy Costs in this scenario 30% Less Space 93% People savings Increased processor utilization Industry leading Security 5.1 X 3.8 X 80% Savings Savings 74% 1.0 X x86 w/o Virtualization\ SUN X2100 Single Core servers x86 Virtualization SUN X M2 Dual Core servers z/VM Linux on System z10 EC Energize your IT savings with z10 EC.

Power and Space Consumption
When consolidating Linux on low utilization Intel servers, the System z9 Mainframe’s ability to provide high utilization may help to reduce both power and facility costs Power and Space Consumption In a consolidation, the System z9 EC may provide up to 4 times the same work in the same space and may provide up to 12 times the work for the same power consumption System z10 EC Linux on Intel 30 250 space power 25 200 20 power 150 KW and SQ Feet 15 space 100 10 50 5 10 20 30 40 50 60 22 157 319 465 602 789 Processors Processors The Linux on Intel servers selected in this example are functionally eligible servers considered for consolidation to a System z running at low utilization such that the composite utilization is approximately 5%. The utilization rate assumed for System z10 EC is 90%. This is for illustration only, actual power and space reductions, if any, will vary according to the actual servers selected for consolidation.

z/VM Virtualization Value: Power to Simplify
Scenario: Host 760 Linux Servers ...should I use z/VM virtualization or x86 virtualization? z/VM Virtualization x86 Virtualization Simplify your architecture, and simplify management and control. Grow here (inside the box) Grow here (add more boxes!) z/VM Value: The power to simplify. z/VM virtualization allows you to do far more work on one server footprint instead of on many footprints. So, you can either continue grow distributed servers to the right, on this chart, where you are adding more and more servers in racks and footprints across the floor taking up many acres of space, or you can do it in a very concentrated way on the z10 EC mainframe and save. A shared everything architecture + virtualization enables fewer servers. Like salt and pepper. Share the shakers or servers. Rather than every application having its own servers for production and development share the servers and simplify into as few servers as possible. Did you know that you could host 760 Linux servers with 26 IFLs in one z10 EC mainframe with z/VM? Doing the same thing with an x86 virtualization product on new x86 blade servers that are able to run virtualization software would likely reduce the number x86 core processors and servers, but the results would still be far short of what z/VM virtualization on a z10 EC could provide. z/VM Virtualization on a z10 EC has the real power to simplify data center sprawl. It is the solution that you should consider if you wish to maximize your consolidation results. One IBM System z10 EC with 26 cores (IFLs) and z/VM – with room to add 38 more cores – x86 blade servers with 304 cores using x86 virtualization product Example: x86 SUN X2100 1U dual-core Opteron 8 racks of 19 dual-core servers per rack running many copies of x86 virtualization product

z/VM Virtualization Value: Environmental Cost
Become Greener with z/VM Virtualization on z10 EC: 5x better than x86 z/VM or x86 Virtualization? IT Cost Implications of 760-Server Scenario z10 EC – 26 IFLs 30 Square Feet Hourly Energy Usage: 16.3 KWatts Annual Energy Usage: 0.2M KWatts Cost: $24.6K/year z/VM Net Savings per year 900,000 KWatts $108.4K 81% Less electricity 8 Racks of x86 Blades (304 CPUs) 43 Square Feet Hourly Energy Usage: 87.8 KWatts* Annual Energy Usage: 1.1M KWatts* Cost: $133.0K/year Proliferation of servers is like toxic waste. You will eventually need to clean it up. Proliferation is unsustainable. The energy usage and cost of the x86 virtualization solution is over 5 times that of the electrical energy consumed and the cost of electricity for the z10 EC with 26 IFLs. The Hourly Energy Usage for a 26 Way z10 EC with 2 Cages is 16.3 KWatts. The Hourly Energy Usage for 304 Sun Opteron X2100 1U blade servers is 87.8 KWatts. (304 x 289 Watts per server with Disk Storage removed from the energy specification = 87,856 Watts = 87.8 KWatts). If you prefer Annual Energy Usage, then the 26 Way z10 EC + cooling would consume 205,362 K Watts per year. And the 304 Sun Opteron X2100 1U Blade servers + cooling would consume 1,108,251 K Watts per year. At $0.12 per KWatt hour, the 26 Way z10 EC would cost $24,643 USD per year. At $0.12 per KWatt hour, the 304 Sun X2100 1U Blade servers would cost $132,990 USD per year. * Source of power consumption data for the SunFire X (1U) Opteron 2.8 GHz 1 MB server: Competitive Profiles

System Design Affects Virtualization Capabilities
Up to 336 I/O Processors No additional charge for these processors System z packs a lot of compute power into a single box With TCO-friendly pricing Up to 64-way SMP Share up to 64 processors with up to 60 LPARs Configure these processors as CPs, IFLs, zAAPs*, zIIPs*, or ICFs* * No software license fees Hundreds of processors pre-engineered to work together 2 Standard Spare PUs Up to 11 System Assist Processors Offload system processing to dedicated CPUs (no impact to software license fees) Up to 16 Crypto Express2 CPUs High scale performance for SSL transactions

POWER: System z vs. Linux on Intel SPACE: System z vs. Linux on Intel
Why System z Now? System z Managing Growth and Complexity New HW / SW spending 15 years ago Cost of management & administration Today Source: Tony Picardi, IDC Economist.com: Make it simple. October 28th, 2004 From The Economist print edition The Linux on Intel servers selected in this example are functionally eligible servers considered for consolidation to a System z running at low utilization such that the composite utilization is approximately 5%. The utilization rate assumed for System z EC is 90%. This is for illustration only actual power and space reductions, if any, will vary according to the actual servers selected for consolidation. Kilowatts Processors POWER: System z vs. Linux on Intel Square Feet SPACE: System z vs. Linux on Intel 50 100 150 200 250 1 vs. 22 8 vs. 157 18 vs. 319 28 vs. 465 38 vs. 602 54 vs. 789 20 40 60 80 120 IBM z9 Intel

Datacenter in a Box The Cost Benefit of Deep Integration with System z
Distributed-systems can suffer from: Cost and complexity (e.g., more physical servers, real network gear) Data silos and data synchronization Linear staffing costs Frequent outages System z offers: Hundreds of processors Extremely large I/O bandwidth Built-in networking “Shared everything” resource model Billions of dollars in engineering and software development A pre-integrated datacenter in a box

Traditional discrete servers
Three Ways to Reduce Power Consumption, Footprint & Management Complexity Traditional discrete servers z/OS Partitions z Intel Traditional discrete servers optimized w/ Cell App Servers DB Server Legacy HPC Cluster Cell Blades Reduced Power w/ Cell DB Server Legacy App Servers HPC Cluster Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel z/OS Partitions Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel Intel z z Intel Intel Intel Intel Consolidated, integrated virtual servers IFL Virtual Linux Servers z z/OS Partitions Hipersockets Intel Reduced Power w/ System z Virtualization HPC Cluster Cell Blade Pool IFL Virtual Linux Servers z z/OS Partitions Hipersockets Innovative, integrated virtual servers Reduced Power w/ System z and Cell

The right level of business continuity protection for your business…
The right level of business continuity protection for your business…..GDPS family of offerings Continuous Availability of Data within a Data Center Continuous Availability / Disaster Recovery Metropolitan Region Disaster Recovery at Extended Distance Continuous Availability Regionally and Disaster Recovery Extended Distance Single Data Center Applications remain active Two Data Centers Systems remain active Two Data Centers Three Data Centers Near-continuous availability to data Automated D/R across site or storage failure No data loss Automated Disaster Recovery “seconds” of Data Loss Data availability No data loss Extended distances A B C GDPS/ PPRC HyperSwap Manager GDPS/PPRC GDPS/PPRC HyperSwap Manager GDPS/GM GDPS/XRC GDPS/MGM GDPS/MzGM

GDPS/PPRC Multiplatform Resiliency for System z

z9-EC – Under the covers Internal Batteries Hybrid Cooling Power
Supplies Processor Books and Memory CEC Cage 3x I/O cages STI cables Fiber Quick Connect Feature Support Elements Front View

z10 EC – Under the covers (Model E56 or E64)
Processor Books, Memory, MBA and HCA cards Internal Batteries (optional) Ethernet cables for internal System LAN connecting Flexible Service Processor (FSP) cage controller cards Power Supplies 2 x Support Elements InfiniBand I/O Interconnects 3x I/O cages 2 x Cooling Units Fiber Quick Connect (FQC) Feature (optional) FICON & ESCON FQC

z10 BC Frame layout in detail

z10 BC – Under the covers Front View
Internal Battery (optional) Power Supplies CPC (SCMs, Memory, MBA, HCA and FSP ) Drawer 2 x Support Elements 2x Support Elements I/O Drawer #3 I/O Drawer #2 Fiber Quick Connect (FQC) Feature (optional – not shown) I/O Drawer #1 I/O Drawer #4 FICON LX & ESCON FQC 4 x I/O Drawers

z10 BC SCM Vs z10 EC MCM Comparison
z10 BC SCMs z10 EC MCM MCM 96mm x 96mm in size 5 PU chips per MCM Quad core chips with 3 or 4 active cores PU Chip size mm x mm 2 SC chips per MCM 24 MB L2 cache per chip SC Chip size mm x mm Up to 4 MCMs for System PU SCM 50mm x 50mm in size – fully assembled Quad core chip with 3 active cores 4 PU SCMs per System with total of 12 cores PU Chip size mm x mm SC SCM 61mm x 61mm in size – fully assembled 2 SC SCMs per System 24 MB L2 cache per chip SC Chip size mm x mm Single PU Chip without heatsink Single SC Chip without heatsink PU 2 PU 1 PU 0 The z10 BC uses the same processor chip as the z10 EC, relying only on three out of four functional cores per chip. Each chip is individually packaged in an SCM. Four SCMs will be plugged in the zPiazzi processor board providing the 12 cores for the design. Clock frequency will be reduced to 3.5 GHz from the 4.2 GHz on z10 EC to reduce power consumption to allow air cooling. "Single Chip Modules" vs "Multiple Chip Modules“ - This means, every piece of Silicon (Chip) is mounted on it's own carrier (Ceramic), vs. on MCMs, numerous Chips are mounted on a common ceramic module. Two Single Chip Module (SCM) types are available, these include: The microprocessor (core chip) SCM with three active cores. The System Controller (SC chip) SCM. The z10 BC always has four PU SCMs with a total of 12 active cores and two SC SCMs with the SC chips, The SCMs plug into a horizontal planar board as shown in Figure 2-4, and are connected to its environment by the Land Grid Arrays (LGA) connectors. Each SCM is topped with a heat sink to assure proper air cooling. SC 1 SC 0 S 2 S 0 PU 4 PU 3 S 3 S 1

System z9 EC/BC Multi Chip Module (MCM)
Advanced 95mm x 95mm MCM 104 Glass Ceramic layers 16 chip sites, 217 capacitors 0.476 km of internal wire CMOS 10K chip Technology PU, SC, SD and MSC chips Copper interconnections, 10 copper layers 8 PU chips/MCM 15.78 mm x mm, 121 million transistors/chip L1 cache/PU 256 KB I-cache, 256 KB D-cache 0.58 ns Cycle Time 4 System Data (SD) cache chips/MCM 15.66 mm x 15.40mm L2 cache per Book 660 million transistors/chip, 40 MB 1 Storage Control (SC) chip 16.41mm x 16.41mm, 162 million transistors L2 cache crosspoint switch L2 access rings to/from other MCMs 2 Memory Storage Control (MSC) chips 14.31 mm x mm, 24 million transistors/chip Memory cards (L3) interface to L2 L2 access to/from MBAs (off MCM) 1 Clock (CLK) chip - CMOS 8S Clock and ETR Receiver MSC PU SD SC CLK Coolest and Densest Logic Package 4 Billion Transistors

z10 EC Multi-Chip Module (MCM)
CMOS 11s chip Technology PU, SC, S chips, 65 nm 5 PU chips/MCM – Each up to 4 cores One memory control (MC) per PU chip 21.97 mm x mm 994 million transistors/PU chip L1 cache/PU core 64 KB I-cache 128 KB D-cache L1.5 cache/PU core 3 MB 4.4 GHz 0.23 ns Cycle Time 6 km of wire 2 Storage Control (SC) chip 21.11 mm x mm 1.6 billion transistors/chip L2 Cache 24 MB per SC chip (48 MB/Book) L2 access to/from other MCMs 3 km of wire 4 SEEPROM (S) chips 2 x active and 2 x redundant Product data for MCM, chips and other engineering information Clock Functions – distributed across PU and SC chips Master Time-of-Day (TOD) and 9037 (ETR) functions are on the SC 96mm x 96mm MCM 103 Glass Ceramic layers 7 chip sites 7356 LGA connections 17 and 20 way MCMs PU 2 PU 1 PU 0 SC 1 SC 0 S 2 S 0 PU 4 PU 3 S 3 S 1

IBM XIV Storage Technology Profile
Disruptive (Grid) Technology providing one virtual (Plug in the Wall) platform More than 100 systems in production to date 100% of evaluation systems have gone into production at end of testing More than 50 PoCs ongoing Product in development for more than 6 years More than 3 years in production More than 50 patents filed For our customers, this means: Next-generation storage product IBM integration, support and services 65

TS7650G ProtecTIER Overview
Virtual Tape Library FC TS7650G Backup Server Disk Array ProtecTIER software resides on TS7650G Deduplication Gateway Emulates a tape library unit, including drives, cartridges and robotics Uses FC-attached disk array as the backup medium 66 17-Apr-17 66

Ratio of Repository to Index: 250,000 : 1
The Impact of HyperFactor New Data Stream Ratio of Repository to Index: 250,000 : 1 Repository HyperFactor Memory Resident Index “Filtered” data Disk Arrays FC Switch TS7650G Existing Data Backup Servers

System z – PU Characterization
zAAP zIIP SAP ANY IBM System z CP Central Processors z/OS z/VM Linux TPF z/VSE LPARs zSeries Application Assist Processor JAVA Offload Z9 Integrated Information Database IPSec System Part of Channel Subsystem SPARES CUoD Growth and RAS ICF Integrated Coupling Facility Parallel Sysplex Coupling Code IFL Integrated Facility for Linux Linux or Processor Characterizations Define processors for unique requirements All processors are the same hardware Specialty processors operate at full speed CPs have sub-capacity options Benefits Lower software and hardware costs Satisfy unique requirements Spares are always present for availability

Success and Targets With Linux on System z
Projected target growth rates for 2008 off of 2007 Actuals +14% number of IFL engines (1262) +10% Linux attributed revenue +49% Linux capacity Linux as a share of System z There are over 1300 System z customers with Linux MIPs (install base) Linux is currently 10% of hardware revenue (as of year end ‘07) Linux is currently 18% of MIPs (installed as of year end ‘07)) Linux has penetrated 17% of System z installed customers (16% year end 2006) 59% of our top 100 mainframe customers have Linux ( 45% year end 2006) The top 100 Linux customers average 16 IFL’s (9 year end 2006) The top 100 Linux customers average w/o 3 large Japanese account average 11 IFL’s Don’t sell Linux, sell IFL Rev calculated on IFL sale + uplift for I/O, Memory, Channel, CP Drag 69

Customer Patterns Strategy
Consolidation of simple web-, application-, file-, print-serving Customer objective: “try it out” very limited z/OS backend integration very small footprint (1 IFL only), no real mission-critical workload deployed All kind of customers types (very small to very large, all sectors) Migration of costly distributed Application Server infrastructure for z/OS DB2-backend processing Customer objective: “reduce my TCO & get better controls” tight z/OS integration easy to achieve technical benefits (superior transaction rates & RAS characteristics) Immediate Systems Managements benefits thru central point of administration Examples: SAP, WAS, WCS, WPS, S2, BEA WebLogic, IBI WebFocus, … Primarily FSS and large IND, DIS, COMS customers Infrastructure Simplification Customer objective: “get back on track in handling distributed environment” indifferent z/OS integration Customers cannot manage constant growth of distributed infrastructure in terms of staff, skills, environmentals, controls Primarily SMB, PUB and small other sector customers Migration of mission-critical end-to-end applications Customer objective: “run it on the most reliable and most secure platform” no or very limited z/OS integration Current hosting infrastructure for mission critical distributed Apps too unreliable or insecure Scope is on Multi-Tier workload (App Servers + DB Server + Front End Servers + Applications), currently hosted on Unix or Windows platforms Superior RAS, BR & Security characteristics Primarily very large FSS, IND, DIS, COMS customers

Nationwide Key Benefits (Value Proposition) Solution IBM System z
Nationwide Key Benefits (Value Proposition) Expect to save over $15M over the next 3 years Savings will be in cooling, maintenance, software and equipment costs, said Guru Vasudeva, a Nationwide computer expert who is overseeing the technology's implementation. Lower middleware and application costs, 50% reduction in monthly charges for Web infrastructure 80% reduction in data center floor space utilization, optimized CPU utilization Greater operational and managerial efficiencies and lower cost per virtual server Building better capacity management processes and workload modeling to better assess which applications and workloads most appropriate to migrate to the z platform for additional cost savings Leveraged IBM services, server and software expertise for best practices in tuning and capacity management, better management and resource optimization to drive down costs Solution GTS Capacity Planning and Capacity Management Services IBM z9 IFLs and associated systems software licenses Novell SUSE Enterprise Linux IBM WebSphere IBM DB2 Universal Database™ (UDB) IBM WebSphere MQ SupportLine Linux support Business need Nationwide wanted to create a cost-effective, scalable and 100-percent available environment for its WebSphere application infrastructure. Not only was its existing heterogeneous infrastructure difficult to handle, but it also prohibited the sharing of hardware and software resources, hindering productivity. To increase its provisioning speed and lower its total cost of ownership (TCO), Nationwide needed to consolidate and standardize its Web application environment.Back to top Solution implementation With help from IBM, Nationwide standardized its WebSphere application infrastructure, leveraging two IBM eServer zSeries 990 servers running the SUSE LINUX Enterprise Server V9 operating system. The company deployed one zSeries server in its south data center for WebSphere development and one server in its north data center for WebSphere production. The development server also provides high-availability backup for the production server in the event of system failure. Each server features three Integrated Facility for Linux (IFL) processors. Nationwide's zSeries servers utilize z/VM V5.1 virtualization technology to run multiple instances of the Linux operating system on each server. The z/VM technology enables the virtualization of processor resources to streamline the provisioning of dedicated Web servers in support of additional workloads. Dynamic logical partitioning technology facilitates the automatic allocation of processor capacity to meet fluctuating application needs. And Capacity on Demand functionality enables the nondisruptive increase of server resources without incurring downtime. IBM assisted Nationwide in a three-month proof-of-concept (POC) to demonstrate the abilities of the Linux on zSeries platform. Back to top Benefit of the solution By consolidating its WebSphere application environment on IBM eServer zSeries servers, Nationwide reduced the overall cost and complexity of its application infrastructure. Leveraging the SUSE LINUX operating system cost-effectively increases the speed, reliability and security of the infrastructure, and z/VM virtualization technology simplifies and integrates the infrastructure to maximize system productivity. Taking advantage of the virtualized zSeries platform, Nationwide experienced a 50-percent reduction in monthly Web-hosting costs (hardware/software amortization and support costs) and a significant decrease in middleware licensing costs (WebSphere, IBM DB2 UDB, Oracle, etc.). The company estimates that it will completely recover its initial investment within 15 months. Nationwide's integrated zSeries infrastructure provides a highly secure, scalable, high-performance base for deployment of the company's Internet and Java technology-enabled applications, allowing a comprehensive and diverse application execution environment. Solutions/Offerings Hardware: eServer: zSeries 990, zSeries running Linux, zSeries running z/VM Software: Linux: Linux, Linux - SUSE SHARE Session 9202

First National Bank of Omaha
Benefits: Realized ratio of 18 : 1 on physical server consolidation by using virtualization Ported 30 SUN based WebSphere server applications to Linux on System z Consolidated 560 Intel-based servers to 70 BladeCenter servers Decreased systems staff from 30 to 8 to manage entire infrastructure Capacity Upgrade On demand to provide additional mainframe computing resources when extra capacity required Storage consolidation helped bank reduce number of devices to manage Challenge Large complex IT infrastructure was difficult to monitor, manage and scale With 600 servers, maintenance costs skyrocketed Staff growth 30% each year Average 12% server and 14% storage utilization rates Peak transaction volumes in certain applications forced bank to continually add capacity Solution IBM System z with z/VM and Linux virtual servers 70 IBM BladeCenterTM servers IBM SAN Volume Controller IBM System p 695 runs the bank’s data warehouse “As a result of consolidation, we only have to maintain a handful of servers instead of nearly 600 – making the task much less complex and expensive” Kenneth J. Kucera, senior vice president, division head of Enterprise Technology Services

Advance virtualization capabilities to quickly create a secure, custom-tailored computing environment for each “private label” relationship Nexxar Key Benefits (Value Proposition) An architecture that suits requirements for security, manageability, reliability, availability, scalability, extensibility and flexibility The ability to grow Nexxar ‘s growth by acquisition business while staying within the same platform Consolidation of more than 80 x86 servers onto an IBM System z9 Business Class (BC) A 75% reduction of headcount required to maintain the operating environment in comparison with the x86 systems previously on the floor. Business Need A architecture for IT infrastructure to provide very high (24x7) availability and the ability to sustain significant anticipated business growth Solution Hardware IBM System z9 Storage (DS8100, 3590) Software zOS-DB2, zVM-Linux WebSphere Application Server Tivoli OMEGAMON Rational Services GTS Infrastructure & Systems Management Services

IBM System z9™ 109 IBM Linux Solutions
Large Japanese Financial Firms and Banks Very Large DB consolidation for Online Stock order and Banking Systems Customer issues： A lot of Unix and x86 servers increase TCO. A lot of CPUs increase Oracle DB license cost. Physical distributed DB ( Oracle ) decreases Performance. Dividing DB in Unix & x86 servers difficult to add new application. IBM solution: Server consolidation solution with IBM System z9 and Novell SLES for the mission critical online stock order system. Virtualization technology of IBM System z9 enables many Unix & x86 servers to be consolidated into multiple IBM System z9’s( 54 IFLs). Providing the environment by Linux where multi-vendor SW runs. Expanding the DB information system with z990 ( 32 IFLs ). IBM Linux support by IBM Linux Technology Center and Global team. Advantage: Reduce cost of SW license Providing Non-stop 24 x 365 system of online stock order system Providing the environment for Oracle 10g RAC High transactions ( more than 1,000 Trx /s ) with IBM system z9 advantages. The Linux support level is stellar. IBM System z9™ 109 IBM Linux Solutions SHARE Session 9202

IBM consolidates its own data centers for large savings
IBM Global Account (IGA) IT Costs Varied Distributed Workloads 5-Year IT Cost Study Results 92% less hardware 23,000 processor cores going to 1,782 IFLs +80% energy reduction +85% space reduction 180% increase in utilization Reduced People cost through virtualization Dramatic reductions in software expense Significant reductions in IT Data Center square footage Enables growth Better utilization of facilities Potential 5-Year IT Cost savings 5-Year IT Expenses (K$) 3,900 x86 & UNIX servers 30 z10 EC IFL servers Workload consolidation using Linux on a mainframe may result in over 40% IT Cost savings (your IT costs may vary) Linux on System z10 BEFORE

Next Steps? Executive Sponsorship Linux on IBM System z Pilot
Next Steps? Executive Sponsorship Linux on IBM System z Pilot Project Plan w/Success Criteria Consider Linux on System z to lower costs, increase reliability and security, address compliance, provide superior disaster recovery and business continuance, and improve service SHARE Session 9202

Backup Material

Virtual Machine Resource Manager
Extreme Virtualization with Linux on z/VM VMRM Cooperative Memory Management (VMRM-CMM) Problem scenario: virtual memory utilization far exceeds real memory availability Solution: real memory constraint corrected by z/VM Virtual Machine Resource Manager Linux images signaled to reduce virtual memory consumption Demand on real memory and z/VM paging subsystem is reduced Helps improve overall system performance and guest image throughput Virtual Machine Resource Manager z/VM Paging Subsystem Virtual Memory Disk Space Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux Real Memory Expanded Storage Learn more at: ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zvm/sysman/vmrm/vmrmcmm.html = Inactive virtual memory = Active virtual memory

Virtual Machine Resource Manager
Handout Extreme Virtualization with Linux on z/VM VMRM Cooperative Memory Management (VMRM-CMM) Problem scenario: virtual memory utilization far exceeds real memory availability Solution: real memory constraint corrected by z/VM Virtual Machine Resource Manager Linux images signaled to reduce virtual memory consumption Demand on real memory and z/VM paging subsystem is reduced Helps improve overall system performance and guest image throughput Virtual Machine Resource Manager z/VM Paging Subsystem Virtual Memory Disk Space Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux Real Memory Expanded Storage Learn more at: ibm.com/servers/eserver/zseries/zvm/sysman/vmrm/vmrmcmm.html = Inactive virtual memory = Active virtual memory

OLTP Database Environment with VMRM-CMM and CMMA Excerpt from “z/VM Large Memory – Linux on System z” Whitepaper 50% More Throughput

Linux and z/VM Technology Exploitation Collaborative Memory Management Assist (CMMA)
Extends coordination of memory and paging between Linux and z/VM to the level of individual pages using a new hardware assist (CMMA) z/VM knows when a Linux application has released a page of memory Host Page-Management Assist (HPMA), in conjunction with CMMA, further reduces z/VM processing needed to resolve page faults Can help z/VM host more virtual servers in the same amount of memory Supported by System z9 and z/VM V5.3 Linux support available with Novell SLES 10 SP1 z/VM Paging Subsystem Virtual Memory Disk Space Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux Real Memory Expanded Storage = Unused = Volatile = Stable = Volatile discarded

Extreme Virtualization with Linux on z/VM Linux Exploitation of z/VM Virtual Disks in Storage (VDISK) VDISK support is Data-in-Memory technology Simulate a disk device using real memory Achieve memory speeds on disk I/O operations VDISKs can be shared among virtual machines Linux exploitation: high-speed swap device Use VDISKs for Linux swap devices instead of real disk volumes Reduces demand on I/O subsystem Helps reduce the performance penalty normally associated with swapping operations An excellent configuration tool that helps clients minimize the memory footprint required for virtual Linux servers Helps improve the efficiency of sharing real resources among virtual machines Virtual Memory Linux Linux Linux Linux Linux VDISK VDISK VDISK VDISK VDISK Real Memory

Linux on System z – A Strategic View

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