2. Abolition Movement/ Abolitionists By

3. Early History of Abolitionism First appeared in Britain and France in 18 th and 19 th centuries. Who was some of the early abolitionists in Britain? William Wilberforce, Thomas Clarkson, Zachary Macaulay, Lord Brougham Slavery slowly became abolished in the British Empire due to economic reasons

4. Slavery in the United States Slavery became unprofitable in the North While slavery in the South became more profitable due to the inventions of the cotton gin and other field machinery Many political figures and very important people were against Slavery Which led to people wanting to help the African Americans and put a permanent end to slavery

5. Standing in the Way There were many issues standing in the way of the abolitionists: The Fugitive Act of 1850, which didn’t allow citizens to help fugitive slaves When the Supreme Court ruled that the Constitution made it ok to hold slaves as property (1857 Dred Scott Decision) These issues also led to the Civil War between North and South

6. Societies That Helped the Cause The American Colonization Society was formed to try and free the slaves This society was founded in 1816 It led some of the earliest protests Once the slaves were freed, it tried to send slaves back to Liberia The American Anti- Slavery Society was founded in 1833 They tried to spread the Anti-Slavery campaign nation wide Soon local and state societies sprang up and held rallies and protests, they helped runaway slaves and blacks in the North

7. “Executive Committee of Pennsylvania Anti- Slavery Society”

8. Early Men Abolitionists Key abolitionists were William Lloyd Garrison, Frederick Douglass, Elihu Embree, and Elijah P. Lovejoy Frederick Douglass was a black abolitionists who devoted himself solely to helping slaves Garrison was the founder of Anti-Slavery Society and publisher of the Liberator

9. Women Abolitionists Many women took part in the Abolition Movement Sojourner Truth was one of the key women in the movement and she spoke out to women Lucretia Mott, Sarah Angelina Grimke, Harriet Beecher Stowe(wrote Uncle Tom’s Cabin), and Lydia Maria Child also helped the slaves directly or indirectly

10. The Underground Railroad The Underground Railroad was used in trying to help slaves escape from masters in the night Abolitionists used their homes to hide slaves More than 1,000 slaves escaped a year It was very daring and very dangerous, but it was for a cause

11. Political Abolitionism Political leaders combined political power with direct action The Free Soil Party concentrated on the Wilmot Proviso, which would not allow lands that have slavery in them into the Union Republican party clearly stated that they were running with “antislavery” in mind

12. Other Men James Gillespie Briney was a slaveholder, then he released his slaves and became an abolitionist He was a candidate for the Liberty Party Other men that contributed was James Forton, Robert Purvis and Wendell Phillips

13. Nation Felt In the beginning, the Nation as a whole, was more for slavery The North began to realize that slavery was immoral and was useless The South could profit from slavery, so they acted like there was nothing wrong with it This disagreement created a great deal of discomfort in the Nation and eventually led to the Civil War

14. “The Negro’s Complaint” by Maria Stewart Fleecy locks and black complexion, Cannot forfeit nature's claim; Skins may differ, but affection Dwells in white and black the same. Why did all-creating nature, Make the plant for which we toil? Sighs must fan it, tears must water, Sweat of ours must dress the soil.

15. “The Slave Mother” Frances Ellen Watkins Harper. Saw you the sad, imploring eye? Its every glance was pain, As if a storm of agony Were sweeping through the brain. She is a mother pale with fear, Her boy clings to her side, And in her kyrtle vainly tries His trembling form to hide.

16. “Am I Not A Man and A Brother?”

17. The End