1. Ana Seke Advisor, Climate Change Unit Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning The Republic of Serbia “Energy Crisis and Climate Change – Challenges for Politics and Business in South East Europe” Evangelische Akademie Tutzing, 28 March 2009. Serbia Enhancing Energy Efficiency and use of Renewable Energy Sources

2. 2 Outline Introduction Legal Framework Basic information – The Kyoto Protocol Energy efficiency/ Renewable energy resources CDM/ PoA Case study Conclusion

3. 3 Legal Framework Law on Environmental Protection (2004) Law on Strategic Environmental Assessment Law on Environmental Impact Assessment Strategies Sustainable development strategy The Agriculture strategy Forestry development strategy Waste Strategy

4. 4 Strategy on waste management which will be finished by end of April 2009. National CDM Strategy for agriculture, waste and forestry sector Legal regulation under preparation In Parliament procedure is set of 15 laws on Environmental Issue including: Amendments to the Law on Environmental Protection Law on Air Protection Law on Waste Management Law on Spatial planning, construction land and construction of structures

5. Basic information – The Kyoto Protocol Non-Annex I country – eligible for CDM Projects DNA is established by Governmental Decision (No 02-2099/2008-1) on June 5th, 2008 The Agreement on Establishment of the National Authority for Implementation of Projects under the Clean Development Mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol as the Designated National Authority of the Republic of Serbia was signed by relevant Ministers on July 30th 2008 DNA members are nominated representative of the ministry responsible for sectors of agriculture, economy, environment, energy, finances, forestry, infrastructure, mining, regional development, spatial planning, water management. DNA Secretariat is within Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning 5

6. 6 Carbon saving potential: Energy saving - 65% Biomass - 12% Wind - 7% Waste - 6% Hydro - 4% LULUCF - 3% Geothermal - 3% SectorSub-sector Carbon potential per year kt CO 2 Energy saving potential per sector Industry Transport Buildings 12 500 Renewable energy SHPP Biomass Solar Wind Geothermal 5050 Waste sector+ Manure treatment 410+ 800 LULUCF Sector 500 Total~ 19 300 Energy efficiency/ Renewable energy resources Table: Summary of carbon potentials (Source: CDM Portfolio, Italian Ministry of Environment, Land and Sea, May 2007)

7. Waste sector Total waste collected - 2 200 000 t/year Average communal waste mass – 0.80kg/cap/day (290 kg/cap/ year) Packaging waste volume - 550000 t/year Approximately about 460 000 t/year of hazardous industrial and medical waste is generated Communal waste is collected by Public communal enterprises Communal waste is disposed to sites without previous treatment Although recycling of waste is prescribed by law, it is not functioning in practice There is no waste incinerator plants 7

8. Manure Livestock farming and crop production – traditional Farms: large scale pig farm and dairy operations (about 80%) Medium and small scale pig farms No operational facilities for biogas production 8 FarmType of Animals HeadcountMethane emissions tCH 4 /yr GHG Emissions tCO 2 e/yr NeoplantaPigs150,0002,57754,119 PKBCattle22,0003,02363,500 NapredakPigs30,00015010,824 Dragan MarkovicPigs22,4693868,107 VizeljPigs17,1092936,137 Pantomarket StocarCattle1,7002334,907 KovacevicCattle1,2001643,469 Kuc CompanyCattle1,0001372,886 Klanica DivciCattle2,0002745,773 Pepu PorkPigs9,6501653,482 PIK BicejPigs56,0002805,880 Table 3. Large farms with potential for development of CDM projects

9. Forestry sector 65% of land is covered by forests 52,64% is privately owned About 200 000 hectares of state-owned land need to be reforested 9 Figure: Forest cover by districts Figure: Afforestation of barren terrain in the period 1955-2006

10. CDM/ PoA National CDM strategy for agriculture, forestry and waste sector Aim: to identify and assess potential projects which can be implemented as CDM projects or through national funding Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning, together with the Ministry of Agriculture, Water management and Forestry: agriculture, forestry and waste sector. Ministry of Mining and Energy: energy sector. 10

11. Potential area for CDM/ PoA Based on Call for ideas & National CDM strategy potential areas for CDM/ PoA are:  Street-lighting  Landfills  Afforestation and reforestation  Small hydropower plants (SHPP)  Brick industry  Building/ construction 11

12. Project title: ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN STREET LIGHTING – CENTRAL SERBIAN REGION 12 Location: Municipalities: Cacak, Ivanjica, Uzice, and Pozega. Project description: This project activity comprises the replacement nearly 16 000 obsolesced mercury bulbs with sodium ones in four neighboring municipalities. That would decrease energy consumption by 46% in average and reduce cost for maintenance due to three times longer lifetime period of sodium bulbs. GHG emission reductions would be achieved through electricity savings. GHG offset: 6 000 tCO2e/ year. Investments cost: Estimated investment costs for bulbs, lumps and replacement are 1 728 000 €, annual savings are 374 100 €. As a result, payback period is 4 to 5 years. Project partner: Municipalities that are included in project activity. Note: Despite high investments, payback period is acceptable and estimated considering present relatively low price of electricity.

13. Project title: PROJECT ACTIVITY – GHG EMISSIONS REDUCTION THROUGH LFG FLARING Location: Municipalities of Užice, Požega and Čačak Project description: Project damp sites are located in Central Serbia, of which Užice and Požega in Zlatibor District and Čačak in Morava District. These dump sites do not meet technical requirements of sanitary landfills. There is no previous treatment of MSW or implemented measures for the protection of environment. GHG offset: 140 000 tCO2e in total Investments cost: approx. 1 million € Project partner: Municipalities of Užice, Požega and Čačak and Local Public, Utility Companies

14. A way forward … Procedure for project approval exists CDM website containing all information for CDM projects application and approval Opportunity for small-size projects and PoA A special fund to support the investment cost of some potential CDM projects 14

15. Contact information DNA Secretariat Climate Change Unit Department for International Cooperation, European Integrations and Harmonization of Legislations Ministry of Environment and Spatial Planning Omladinskih brigada 1 Str. 11 070 Novi Beograd Tel: +381 11 3131 355, +381 11 2603736 Fax: +381 11 3131 355 Email: ana.seke@ekoplan.gov.rsana.seke@ekoplan.gov.rs danijela.bozanic@ekoplan.gov.rs www.ekoplan.gov.rs

16. 16 THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION!