1. Environmental Monitoring System at GBC and Its Components Presenter: Sanjaya Gurung

2. Overview: GBC Weather Station Server (Wireless connection Laptop (Local connection) GBC Weather Station RH & Temp. Wind Speed & Direction Solar Radiation Soil Moisture Rainfall Barometric Pressure wireless medium Data Cable

3. Functional Block Diagram: Weather Station at GBC Soil Moisture Data logger (CR10X_01) Weather Station Data logger (CR10X_02) Solar Panel_01Solar Panel_02 Battery Backup_01 12 V 12 Ahr Battery Backup_02 12 V 7 Ahr Regulator / Charger_01 Regulator / Charger_02 Different kinds of environmental sensors Soil Moisture sensors / Tensiometers SBC / GPRS Modem Power connection SDI - Interface Sensor Connection Index: Causes of Sys.Power Failure Solar Panel Charging Regulator Battery Backup Datalogger How data is collected SDI-12

4. Data logger: CR10X Main Component of Environmental Monitoring System widely used by many professional companies and by researchers Programmable device : Edlog programming Language Provides suitable interface to all the environmental sensors connected Collects the data from all those sensors Stores the data collected in its memory. CR1000CR10X Vs CR1000 CR10X.pdf More CR10X & CR1000 Similarity CR10X

5. Power Consumption of the System  Total average current drain of the system (Soil Moisture Data logger) ~ 124 mA ~ 124 mA SBC (Active): 320 mA SBC (Idle) ~ 5 mA Modem (Active): 240 mA Modem (Idle) : 25 mA Soil Moisture Sensor: 15 mA Tensiometer: 1.3 mA Data logger (Active): 46 mA Data logger (Idle): 1.3 mA Readings from GBC System Power OK for ~ 4 days without no charging source / solar panel i.e., Battery will supply power to the system for about minimum 4 days even if there is no sunlight for 4 days

6. Causes of System’s Power Failure Something wrong with equipments – incapable of functioning well – incapable of functioning well  Solar Panel Solar Panel Solar Panel  Charging Regulator Charging Regulator Charging Regulator  Battery Backup Battery Backup Battery Backup  Data logger Data logger Data logger Functional BD of GBC Functional BD of GBC Over View GBC Over View

7. Solar Panel 17.5 V, 570 mA MSX10 MSX20 Not sufficient Larger Larger Solar Panels: SP20: 16.8 V, 1.19 A SP64R: 17.5 V, 3.66 A 80WSEP: 15 V, 4.8 A 17.1 V, 1.17 A Functional BD of Weather station Light energy is converted into electrical energy sunlight direct current Powers the system and charges the battery simultaneously Stop charging battery and System’s Power fails if sth. goes wrong with solar panel or no sunlight Causes of Sys.Power Failure

8. Solar Panels at GBC Weather Station Solar Panel: Model: MSX10 V p : 16.9 V I p : 460 mA Power (max): 6.8 W Soil Moisture Solar Panel: Model: SX-20 U V p :16.8 V I p :960 mA Power (max):14.2 W

9. Charging Regulator Function: Regulates the unregulated output voltage of Solar panel and maintains constant (regulated) voltage at its output Prevents the flow of reverse current from the battery to the solar panel Functional BD of Weather station Inappropriate connection with the battery (opposite polarity) may damage the Regulator and ultimately no power during night. Causes of Sys.Power Failure PS100 Input: 15 – 28 V dc Output: 12 V dc, 1.2 A

10. Battery Backup Function: Battery: Backup System: Power Storage Supply power to the system when there’s no powering source (e.g. here solar power) It Should be always connected with charging regulator. If not charged in sufficient amount during day, it may not sustain the system over night Battery Selection should be carefully done for diff. kinds of systems Functional BD of Weather station PS12120 12 V, 12 Ahr Higher Capacity Batteries: PS12180: 12 V, 18 Ahr PS12260: 12 V, 26 Ahr PS12400: 12 V, 40 Ahr PS121000: 12 V, 100 Ahr Click on battery fig. for more Causes of Sys.Power Failure

11. Data logger Function: Provides suitable interface to all the sensors connected Collects the data from all those sensors Stores the data collected in its memory. Internal power circuit may go sometime wrong Some ports (e.g. Excitation i/p port) may be short circuited with 5 V port, if this happens, draws a lot of current continuously, battery capacity NOT enough for compensation Functional BD of Weather station CR10X Causes of Sys.Power Failure

12. How Data is Collected ? Functional BD of Weather station Data logger : Sampling Rate: 15 mins. (can be changed) i.e., Programmed to sample the data in every 15 mins. All the sensors connected are activated in every 15 mins and collect the data from the environment (Active period is less than a minute) Both data loggers (Weather & Soil Moisture) convert the collected raw data (uncalibrated ) into the calibrated engineering units Stores all the data into their memory elements

13. How Data is Collected ? (Contd..) All the data are transferred to Soil Moisture Data logger from Weather Station Data logger All the data can be downloaded from soil moisture data logger by connecting LAPTOP Now, since wireless connection has been already established, all the data can be collected remotely (e.g. from LAB)

14. Collected Data Sample with their Engineering Units http://www.geocities.com/sanjayaworld/envmeasurementparameters.xls

15. CR1000 New Latest Data logger by Campbell Scientific Inc. Successor of CR10X Additional built in hardware - more peripherals More memory: 4 Mb Wider input range: 5 V Software Support: LoggerNet, PC400 Upgrade from older version e.g. PC208W CR10XCR10X Vs CR1000 CR1000.pdf More CR10X & CR1000 Similarity CR1000

16. CR10X Vs CR1000 Scan Interval (Hz) Analog Inputs Digital Ports Communication Ports Input Voltage range (V dc ) Data Storage (Mb) Power consumption (mA) Software Support Programming Language 64 6 Diff. or 12 SE 8 I/Os 1 CS I/O ± 2.5 2 ~ 1.5 (Quiescent) ~ 46 (Active) PC208W Edlog (.csi /.dld) 100 8 Diff. or 16 SE 8 I/Os or 4 RS-232 COM 1 CS I/O, 1 RS-232, 1 parallel peripheral ± 5.0 4 ~ 6.0 (Quiescent) ~ 28 (Active) LoggerNet 3.x, PConnect 3.1, PC400, PC200W 3.0, CRBasic (.cr1) CR10XCR1000 CR10XCR1000Similarity: CR10X & CR1000

17. Power Supply for Data logger: 9.6 V – 16 V 12 V nominal No. of control ports: 8 Power supply for sensors 5 V No. of Pulse Inputs: 2 A/D Conversion 13-bit Extreme Temp. range: - 55 0 C to +85 0 C CR10XCR1000CR10X Vs CR1000 more about CR10X Vs CR1000 http://www.campbellsci.ca/Catalogue/LoggerCompTable_Br.pdf

18. THE END Questions ? Slides available on http://www.geocities.com/sanjayaworld/gbcoverview.ppt