1. TYPOLOGY OF MORPHOLOGICAL SYSTEMS OF ENGLISH AND UKRAINIAN
Structure of the word

2. Morphemes Morphemes are the smallest meaningfull units of language.
Some morphemes are meaningful by themselves
thunderstorm = thunder + storm
classroom = class + room
... and some need to be added to other morphemes.
madly = mad + ly
cars = car + s

3. Types of morphemes
free (can stand alone) vs. bound (can't stand alone)
derivational (generate new words) vs. inflectional (contain grammatical information)

4. Free morphemes LEXICAL (content morphemes) LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL
car, learn, green, happy, Paris,
LEXICO-GRAMMATICAL
COPULAS, MODALS, PREPOSITIONS, CONJUNCTIONS, ARTICLES
GRAMMATICAL
AUXILARIES

5. Bound morphemes
The distinction between derivational and inflectional morphemes relates to the function they perform.
Derivation produces entirely new words (lexemes) by adding affixes
happy (ADJECTIVE) happily (ADVERB)
courage (NOUN) encourage (VERB)
Inflection adds grammatical information to an existing word without changing its word class
John plays the piano

6. Allomorphisms
In E inflectional morphemes are always suffixes, while in U they are prefixes and suffixes
U has more bound morphemes
E has more grammatical free morphemes
Homonymy of free and bound morphemes is more typical of E

7. Homonymy of bound morphemes in English
John plays the piano
The two dogs belong to Mike
Lisa's car broke down
The cat’s eaten the mouse

8. Homonymy of free morphemes in English
He promised he would come
Otherwise I would do it
I asked him but he wouldn’t say
He said he’d done it
He said he’d do it
Find examples

9. Recategorisation as an allomorphism
from one class to another
come round the corner
come round with some fresh air
within a class (from one subcategory to another)
from abstract to concrete (a youth meaning ‘a boy’)
from uncountable to countable (wines ),
from proper to common (an Einstein meaning ‘a genius’, a Benedict Arnold meaning ‘a traitor’).

10. Part of speech division
Meaning
Form
Function
красивий, летить
beautiful
flies, can
“Time flies like an arrow, fruit flies like a banana”
Саn he can me for kicking the can?

11. Lexical paradigm of nomination
syntactico-distributional classification of words was worked out by L.Bloomfield, Z.Harris, and Ch.Fries.
The classification suggests four classes
N V A D
power - empower - powerful - powerfully
pro- N pro- V pro- A pro- D

12. grammatical categories
grammatical category is a system expressing a generalized grammatical meaning by means of paradigmatic correlation of grammatical forms.
Marked member vs. unmarked member
The set of grammatical forms in a category constitute the paradigm of the category.

13. Obligatory categories
"she found a table" or "she found the table “
*she found table

14. Contrastive study of grammatical categories
a) the absence of the morphological categories in one of the compared languages
b) partial correspondence
c) complete correspondence.