1. Road transportation at Sai Kung

2.  Group members  Kwong Chi Wai, Philip  Chau Cheuk Pong, Frank  Chiu Wai Kwan  Lai Suk Mei, May

3. Information of Sai Kung  Land area: 105 hectares  Population: 14,000  Leisure garden of Hong Kong  Market place for fishermen, villagers, restaurant owner  Cultural and heritage node  Marine recreation hub

4. Information on road transport at Sai Kung  The pattern of the road: 1.Sai Sha Road (14.5km) 2.Hiram’s Highway (16.2km) 3.Clear Water Bay Road (11.7km) 4.Tseung Kwan O (6.8km)

5. Information on road transport at Sai Kung  The usage of the road (no. of cars per day): 1.Sai Sha Road (7470/day) 2.Hiram’s Highway (22700/day) 3.Clear Water Bay Road (29870/day) 4.Tseung Kwan O (14820/day)  Traffic flow sharply increase on weekend

6. Information on road transport at Sai Kung  Public transport facilities  Bus & minibus routes  Via Sha Sha Road  2xKMB + 1xminibus route  Via Hiram’s highway  2xKMB +5xminibus (weekdays)  4xKMB +5xminibus (weekends)  Parking spaces  1,101 metered parking spaces at Sai Kung  2 major public car parks at Sai Kung town center

7. Information on road transport at Sai Kung  Limitations of the transport system at Sai Kung  Traffic congestion (morning & holiday)  Capacity of the road does not fit the demand of the fast growing tourist industry  Private car ratio>average private car ratio in Hong Kong  Illegal parking during holidays  Traffic noise to the residents

8. Objectives 1.Explore the problems of the existing land transportation system and 2.Suggest the strategy for future transportation development in Sai Kung. Rationale behide:  The demand of the transportation network is increasing due to future development by Outline Zoning Plan (OZP).  The existing transportation system is not compatible with the future development of the district and lead to many problems.  Sustainable transportation strategy in Sai Kung is required.

9. Environmental issues  Air  Land/Landscape  Water  Noise  Biodiversity

10. Environmental issues Air  The PM, SO 2, NO x, VOC and CO emissions from the road transport are the main sources of air pollution in Sai Kung  Under the OZP planning development, increase of traffic flow would result with increasing pollutant emissions Total emission of each road (kg/day) PM SO 2 NO x VOCCO Sai Sha Road 27.81.6341.598.01031.5 Hiram’s Highway 37.02.1455.4130.71265.0 Clear Water Bay Road 34.01.9418.8120.21375.9 TKO13.20.7162.946.7491.9

11. Environmental issues Land  Poor landscape by vehicles pollution and road works reparations  The housing / land are developed along the road side  => poor town planning and land use!

12. Environmental issues Land (roadside development)

13. Environmental issues Water  The emissions and lubricants from vehicles will eventually settle on the ground.  When it rains, the pollutants from the road surfaces will run into the sewage system.  Since the rain sewage system does not connect to the waste water treatment plants  It will drain to the sea directly => marine pollution!  Leaching to fish pond => kill freshwater organism!

14. Environmental issues Noise  Existing noise problems affecting roadside housing development mainly come from a.Heavy goods vehicles b.Old and poor road design c.Road reparations  Noise level ranged L eq 55-80 dB(A)  Existing mitigation measures  e.g. Nam Wai, Noise barriers were built to minimize the noise to the residents.  Localized and not enough.  => Still unacceptable!!

15. Environmental issues Biodiversity  Fragmentation of habitats of animals by roads (eg: along Sai Sha road-natural rural area)  Killing animals by vehicle crashing  Pollutants emitted from vehicles degrade the habitat for the living species  Noise from the road drive away sensitive species  =>Biodiversity decrease!

16. Sai Sha Road Sai Kung Country Park

17. Economic issues  Influence on business sector income by the transport sector  Wholesales  Catering  Recreations  Properties trading

18. Economic issues  Types of jobs offered/ type of participants  Direct: Minibus, bus, taxi drivers, logistic company  Indirect: Wholesales, tourism, construction, catering…etc  All of them are interrelated with the transportation links i.e.: transport of people or goods

19. Economic issues Asset values  The economic loss of the current transport links  Insufficient capacity of the road  Reduce the no. of visitors  Reduce logistics  Congestion  Reduce the no. of visitors  Reduce recreational spending  Impact on the image of Sai Kung to visitors  Increase the loading to the environment and requires extra mitigation measurements.  Pollution  Reduce the life time of the buildings (SO2 emissions from vehicles)  => Can't optimize due to transportation system reach its capacity!

20. Social issues  Services/ impact from the transport sector  Health  Health effects of PM and gaseous pollutants  PM leads to respiratory symptoms  Excessive lead results in permanent brain damage  Health expenses from the govt.  Stress from noise and congestion  Reduce productivity  Affect the leisure time of the residents

21. Social issues  Education  Lack of school networks in Sai Kung town  Students from Sai Kung require long traveling distance to other district for school  Waste of their recreation and study time  Employment  Lack of job opportunities in Sai Kung  Long traveling distance for jobs  Preference in choosing Sai Kung for their work or residence  => Social problem increase  Reduce family time

22. Stakeholder capacity  Residence  Concerns: Air quality, noise level, property price, convenience to go to work and study.  Awareness: Traffic jam at peak hours and it is not convenient to go outside to work and study, redevelopment is needed!  Tourist  Concerns: Natural scenery, attractiveness, fresh air, relaxation, easiness access to the tourist spots.  Awareness: Air pollution and noise problem affect natural scenery and reduce leisure mood to enjoy holiday!  Drivers  Concerns: Salary, road safety, road efficiency  Awareness: The roadwork is old and insufficient capacity during holiday; income directly affected by congestion or the traffic conditions!

23. Government capacity Concerns:  Economic income  Fuel tax  Properties price  Tourism  Road maintenance cost  Infrastructure cost for the roadwork  Gas station  Bus terminal  Parking place  Environmental mitigations Awareness:  Government expense on existing system is not effective and sustainable for the future!  Need better redevelopment and town planning!

24. Further research  Explore the concern of the stakeholders  Assess the priority for the needs of sustainable development in Sai Kung  Based on the priority, alternatives will be suggested with the concerns of stakeholders  Seek for feedback from different stakeholders of this sector

25. References  Hong Kong Resident Population by District Council District, 2005 (as at mid year), Demographic Statistics Section, Census and Statistics Department.  http://sc.info.gov.hk/gb/www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/20 0503/04/03040169.htm. http://sc.info.gov.hk/gb/www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/20 0503/04/03040169.htm http://sc.info.gov.hk/gb/www.info.gov.hk/gia/general/20 0503/04/03040169.htm  http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/textonly/english/environmen tinhk/air/air_maincontent.html http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/textonly/english/environmen tinhk/air/air_maincontent.html http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/textonly/english/environmen tinhk/air/air_maincontent.html  http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/textonly/english/environmen tinhk/noise/noise_maincontent.html http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/textonly/english/environmen tinhk/noise/noise_maincontent.html http://www.epd.gov.hk/epd/textonly/english/environmen tinhk/noise/noise_maincontent.html