1. INTRODUCTION TO MOTION AND TIME STUDY By Kanchala Sudtachat e-mail: kanchala@sut.ac.th 1

2. DEFINITION Motion and time study refers to knowledge dealing with  Determination of preferable work methods.  Determination of the time required to preform work.  Methods design and labor and machine resource requirements determination. 2

3. DEFINITION Motion Study consists of procedures for analysis and improvement  The raw materials  The design of the outputs  The process or order of work  The tool, the workplace and equipment for each step in the process  The human activity used to perform each step 3

4. DEFINITION Time study consists of procedures for  Determining the amount of time required  Under certain standard conditions of measurement  Involving some human, machine, or combined activity  Time study will be used to refer to all time measurement techniques Interrelationship  Time measurements are often a part of the basis on which alternative methods are compared.  The combined term is used to denote all three phases of activity: method determination, time appraisal, and the development of material. 4

5. FIELD OF APPLICATION  Basic problems needing solutions  Determining a feasible and preferable method of accomplishing the work.  Determining the required amount of human or machine work time.  Designing the work and to determine the amount of the time use of the various kinds of resources required to perform it.  Productivity  Ratio of units of output per unit of input.  Productivity indexes are the value of such ratios divided by a similar ratio for a base year.  When the effort is to enhance labor productivity, the techniques of work measurement are vital. 5

6. FIELD OF APPLICATION  Effectiveness  Refers to the success of an organization in achieving its objectives.  Motion and time study obviously are of great use in improving effectiveness.  Efficiency  Productivity is efficiency of outputs, effectiveness efficiency of results.  Managerial uses  Motion and Time study may well be used to provide a means of communication and cooperative activity. 6

7. MANAGEMENT DEFINED 1.Determine quantitative objectives for a given span of time in conformance. 2.Plan a series of programs for achieving the desired objectives. 3.Determine the workload. 4.Determine the resources required to perform the workload. 5.Acquire authority to employ these resources to perform the workload 6.Use the resources to accomplish the workload. 7.Determine the workload accomplished the resources consumed. 8.Determine the amount of the program accomplished. 9.Determine the degree of accomplishment of the objectives. 7

8. CYCLE OF MANAGERIAL CONTROL 8

9. INTRODUCTION TO MOTION STUDY Divided into three categories 1.Category 1: For selecting the class of change 2.Category 2: For delineating the outputs 3.Category 3: For examining the appropriate details of the work 9

10. SEQUENCE OF USE OF THE TECHNIQUES  With substantive outputs  Use of a technique chosen from those in category 1  This is followed by the use of a technique from category 3  With service outputs  Use of a technique chosen from category 2  This is followed by the use of some work measurement or time study technique  After the time has been measured, may be followed with the use of a category 3 10

11. CATEGORIES OF MOTION STUDY TECHNIQUE Category 1: For selecting the class of change  Preliminary possibility guide  Detailed possibility guide  Work activity analysis  Work sampling Category 2: For delineating the outputs  Work-unit analysis  Work activity analysis 11

12. CATEGORIES OF MOTION STUDY TECHNIQUE Category 3: For examining the appropriate details of the work  Work activity analysis  Work sampling  Process chart-product analysis  Horizontal time bar chart  Network diagram  Process chart-person analysis  Information flow analysis 12

13. CATEGORIES OF MOTION STUDY TECHNIQUE Category 3: For examining the appropriate details of the work  Operation analysis  Operation chart  Robot analysis  Quality control chart  Motion economy  Multiple-activity analysis chart  Person and machine chart  Multi-person chart 13