2. Nihon Ningyou no Origami Meeting 11 th Matakuliah: > Tahun: >

3. Japanese Doll There is no complete definition of Japanese dolls even in Japan. When Japan's people call a doll "Nihon Ningyo =Japanese dolls", it means this type, so to speak, as the highest common factor. (Nihon in Japanese means Japan, and Ningyo means dolls.) In short, in Japan, Nihon Ningyo means Japanese lady's dolls who are wearing Kimono in Japan. (The theme of Ichimatsu dolls is Japanese girls, please see below.) Bina Nusantara University 3

4. Categories of Japan's traditional dolls in Japan 1.Japanese dolls = Nihon Ningyo in Japanese (Another name; Oyama Ningyo or Ishyo Ningyo, in Japanese) In Edo period (AD1603-1867), Bride's parent had to make preparation for her wedding, including household items as Japan's traditional custom, and Japanese doll was one of them because it was believed that Japanese dolls can take away bad luck, that is to say, Japanese dolls were a kind of scapegoat to avoid bad luck for bride. Bina Nusantara University 4

5. Then, until about 20 years ago, such tradition had been kept especially in Japan's countryside. In short, because of a kind of scapegoat of bride, Nihon Ningyo in Japanese has been dolls of Japanese beautiful lady, and so the uses of Japanese doll are gifts from bride's friends in many cases in today's Japan. Bina Nusantara University 5

6. 2. Japaese girls dolls=Ichimatsu Ningyo in Japanese Originally, Ichimatsu doll in Japanese was dress-up doll until about 80 years ago, that is, they were a kind of toy for kids. However, Ichimatsu doll presently never means dress-up doll but mere Japanese girls doll. ( friendship dolls were dress-up doll.). In today's Japan, Ichimatsu dolls are considered as a kind of "a charm against evil" for baby girls, wishing healthy growth. And so, a great majority of Ichimastu doll is purchased as gifts, especially gifts from grandparents of baby girl. Bina Nusantara University 6

7. 3. Japanese boys dolls =Satsuki Ningyo in Japanese (Another name; Musya Ningyou, in Japanese) Because of Confucian ethics, respect for parents had been encouraged in Japan from Edo period (AD1603- 1867). It is naturally to be expected, therefore, that a son has to support his parents in various aspects of life after his growing up, and so Japanese people tend to celebrate birth of baby boy than birth of baby girl. (In many cases, in Japan, son and his wife live with his parents even after his marriage.) Bina Nusantara University 7

8. By the same reason of Ichimatsu dolls, the purpose of purchasing Satsuki dolls is gifts, especially gifts from grandparents of baby boys, without exception. Though Satsuki ningyo belongs to Samurai dolls, all Satsuki dolls are boys dolls which are wearing Japanese Samurai armor. In short, Satsuki dolls are never collector's item, and so the uses in Japan are gift only. (Generally speaking, so-called Samurai dolls are hardly sold in Japan except for Hakata dolls.) Bina Nusantara University 8

9. 4. Hina dolls =Hina Ningyo in Japanese Bina Nusantara University 9

10. Hinamatsuri, annual event on March 3 in Japan, is Japan's traditional custom, which are custom to pray for healthy growth of girls. In Japan's many homes on March 3, Hina dolls, which consists of about 10 dolls and various accessories, are decorated in spare room because Hina dolls are very bulky. Interestingly enough, Japanese people believe that parents immediately have to put away Hina dolls for avoiding late marriage after Hinamatsuri. Bina Nusantara University 10

11. 5. Kyo dolls = Kyo Ningyo in Japanese Historically speaking of Japanese dolls, the major handcrafting region in Japan has been Kyoto and Edo (Tokyo), and Kyo in Japanese means an abbreviation for Kyoto. That is, please note that Kyo doll merely means the generic name for Japan's tarditional dolls which are made in Kyoto. Bina Nusantara University 11

12. 7. Kimekomi dolls Kimekomi doll means the generic name for a type of handcrafting process of Japan's traditional dolls which are mainly made in Tokyo (=old name, Edo). Bina Nusantara University 12

13. 8. Japanese paper dolls = Washi ningyo in Japanese Washi ningyo is the generic name of dolls made by using Japanese handmade paper, Washi. ( Conde, 2012) http://washi-ningyo.blogspot.com/2012/06/how-to-make-japanese-paper-doll- 01.html 13

14. 9. Folk crafts (=Mingeihin in Japanese) In usual case, Japanese people would think that Kokeshi dolls and bamboo dolls are folk crafts in Japan. Because of inexpensive dolls, these dolls are very popular for souvenirs of domestic trip in Japan. (Mingeihin in Japanese is the generic name for items of folk crafts.) (Japanese Dolls) http://www.existenz.co.jp/japanese_dolls.htm Bina Nusantara University 14

15. Bina Nusantara University 15 Exemples of Nihon Ningyo 1. 舞妓 ( maiko ) 2. 藤娘 ( fuji musume

16. Bina Nusantara University 16 3. 町娘 ( machi musume )

17. Bina Nusantara University 17 3. 町娘 ( machi musume )

18. Bina Nusantara University 18 Nihon Ningyou 4. 武家娘 ( buke musume ).

19. Bina Nusantara University 19 5. 姫君 ( hime gimi ) Nihon Ningyou

20. Bina Nusantara University 20 Hina Ningyou consist of 1.Odairisama dan Ohinasama 2.Sannin Kanjyou

21. Bina Nusantara University 21 3. Gonin Bayashi