1. “…to make progress, socially, economically, politically and culturally.”

2.  Responsible Citizenship & Democracy 1. Primary Elections 2. Initiative, Referendum, Recall 3. Direct Election of Senators(Amendment #17)  Regulation 1. Control of over-reaching business abuse 2. Strong ICC and Railroad regulations

3.  People saw the problems in society and looked to achieve social programs through political reform.  Movement started with urban middle class; these people had time and were effected by the problems therefore choose to work toward reform.

4.  Government was an agent of human welfare.  Response of Middle Class to Government Abuse.  Drive for civic life to benefit from business efficiencies.

5.  Jacob Riis- How the Other Half Lives  Lincoln Steffens- The Shame of the cities  Ida Tarbell- History of Standard Oil  Upton Sinclair- The Jungle

6. Theodore Roosevelt (October 27, 1858 – January 6, 1919) was the 26th President of the United States.26thPresident of the United States He is well remembered for his energetic persona, his range of interests and achievements, his leadership of the Progressive Movement, his model of masculinity,Progressive Movementmasculinity and his "cowboy" image

7.  Roosevelt believed the president should control and use their power in the best interest of the people. a fair opportunity for all  “SQUARE DEAL”- a fair opportunity for all Known as the “Trust Buster” because he Broke-up monopolies.

8. 1.MEAT INSPECTION ACT- Sanitation requirements in stockyard 2. PURE FOOD & DRUG ACT- Established the FOOD & DRUG Administration and government regulation of food production and harmful drugs. 3. CONSERVATIONIST- T. R. WAS A BIG CONSERVATIONIST! PLEASE ADD THE FOLLOWING TO YOUR NOTES… 4. ELKINS AND HEPBURN ACT- REGULATE RAILROADS

10.  City Government tried to end corrupt Political machines! 1. Commission system: a) form of government in which elected commissions are responsible for a separate function (i.e. Commissioner of Safety, Commissioner of Finance, Commissioner of Police) 2. City manager: a)professional hired by an elected city council to manage day to day activities.

11.  State government Wisconsin senator Robert LaFollett led a nation-wide reform movement to make state government more democratic.

12.  Direct Primary: a) Voters would nominate candidates by a direct popular vote in a primary election.

13.  Referendum: a) Voters can approve or reject a bill by petitioning to have it placed on the ballot.

14.  Secret Ballot a) Voting in a private booth.

15.  Initiative: a) Voters can force law makers to consider a proposed law by signing a petition.

16.  Recall: a) Voters can have a special election to get rid of an elected official.

17.  By the 1900’s, women still did NOT have the right to vote in most state elections or federal elections.  Women like Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Susan B. Anthony, wrote letters, gave speeches and were sometimes even jailed for their suffrage activities.

18. Women were NOT given the right to vote until 1920 with the passage of the 19 th Amendment to the Constitution.

25.  230 million acres -The area of the United States that he placed under public protection totals approximately 230,000,000 acres.

26. (September 15, 1857 – March 8, 1930) was the 27th President of the United States and later the 10th Chief Justice of the United States.27thPresident of the United StatesChief Justice of the United States He is the only person to have served in both offices.

27.  Actually broke up more trusts than Teddy Roosevelt  Raised Tariffs  Did NOT continue with Roosevelt’s conservation policies; angered Teddy Roosevelt.

28.  Three Progressive reformers wanted to become President: Teddy Roosevelt, William Taft and Woodrow Wilson.  Republican- William Howard Taft  Democrat- Woodrow Wilson  Bull Moose- Teddy Roosevelt Because the Republican Party was divided between Roosevelt and Taft, Wilson easily defeated them becoming the first Democrat elected president in 20 years!

29. 1. Teddy Roosevelt 2. William Howard Taft 3. Woodrow Wilson(1913-1921)

30. Narrowly re-elected in 1916, Wilson's second term centered on World War I. He based his re-election campaign around the slogan "he kept us out of the war," but U.S. neutrality was challenged in early 1917 when the German government proposed to Mexico a military alliance in a war against the U.S., and began unrestricted submarine warfare, sinking without warning every American merchant ship its submarines could find. Wilson in April 1917 asked Congress to declare war.re-electedWorld War I proposedunrestricted submarine warfaredeclare war

31.  Introduced progressive reform movement called the NEW FREEDOM!  TARIFFS- Wilson wanted to force American business to compete by lowering high tariffs.  TRUSTS- signed the Clayton Anti-Trust Act 1. One company could NOT buy stock in a competing company 2. One person could NOT serve on the board of directors of two competing companies at the same time

32. Wilson set up the Federal Trade Commission(FTC)  A government agency that monitored business to ensure competition and fair business practices. Wilson also sets up the Federal Reserve Act  Divided the nation into 12 districts, each having a Federal Reserve Bank  Set up a minimum amount of money local banks keep on deposit.  **Controls the amount of money in circulation.