1. Series Lecture on Laser Plasma Physics Professor, Institute of Laser Engineering and School for Physics and School for Space and Earth Science, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, Japan Visiting Professor, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai, China H. Takabe (Aki) at Shanghai Jiao Tong University June 27&28, July 4&5, 2009 1

2. Chapter 1 Introduction 2

3. 1.1 Self-introduction 3

4. 4 Creation of Mimic Black Hole in Laboratory ILE OSAKA Takabe-G: Laser Astrophysics (1) Black Hole Experimental Data Black Hole Neutron Star Photo-ionization in X-ray Binary with Black Hole Universe Laboratory Radiation Temperature of 0.5 keV has been achieved.

5. 5 Challenging 100 year-standing mystery of Cosmic Ray = Collisionless Shock Physics = ILE OSAKA Averaged Density Self- Generated E and B fields Space Shock Jump 30 Light Years Shock Front Collisionless Shock Formation by Self- Organization (Kato-Takabe Theory) Density Universe Laboratory SN1006 Takabe-G: Laser Astrophysics (2)

6. 6 1.2 High-Power Laser Maiman (1960) Ruby Laser

7. 7 Early Stage of Laser for Inertial Confinement Fusion in Livermore, USA

8. 8 What is laser?

9. 9 Laser Welding

10. 10 Gekko XII Laser, Osaka Univ. ILE, Osaka University Gekko Amplifiers Big Laser Facilities

11. Nonlinear Optics Harmonic Conversion with Nonlinear Crystal Shorter Wavelength is better for Laser Plasma Interaction 11

12. 12 What is Plasma ? 1.3 Plasmas Solid LiquidGas Plasmas

13. 13

14. 14

15. 15

16. 1.4 Plasmas in Nature and Life Lightening 16

17. 17 How gamma-ray appears accompanied with lightening

18. 18

19. 19

20. Solar Flare 20

21. 21

22. Plasmas 22 Corona Mass Ejection

23. 23

24. Aurora 24

25. Plasmas 藤井旭、「星のたんじょう」（金の星社） 1.5 Plasmas in Universe 25

26. 26

27. 27

28. 28 Planetary Nebula (Hour Glass Nebula) Hubble Space Telescope (NASA)

29. 29

30. 30 Supernova Explosion

31. 31 Crab Nebula and Neutron Star

32. Quark Gluon Plasma Before collisionAfter collision 中性子星 ビッグバン 32

33. Structure of Sun Surface ： 6000K Center:1.5keV 33

34. Convection near the surface of the Sun 34

35. 35 TemperatureDensity

36. 36

37. 37

38. 38

39. Lorentz force and gyro motion 1.6 How to describe Plasmas 39

40. Drift motion 40

41. Maxwell Equations Faraday’s Law Ampere’s Law Poisson Equation Absence of Magnetic Monopole 41

42. 42 Hydrodynamic Equations Continuity Motion Energy

43. Ion Fluid Electron Fluid Maxwell Equations Charge and Current Densities Basic Equations for Plasma Fluid Model 43

44. 44 Ludwig Boltzmann (1844-1906) Suicide in 1906 S = -k ln  Boltzmann wrote in1898 “I am conscious of being only an individual struggling weakly against the stream of time.” Increasingly subject to depressions, Boltzmann committed suicide in 1906 only shortly before Perrin’s experiment on Brownian motion (1908) and Mililan’s oil-drop experiment (1909) provided very direct evidence for the discrete structure of matter. (Statistical Physics, Berkeley Phys. 5) P. 162

45. 45 Boltzmann Equation f(t,r,v): Velocity distribution function Vlasov Equation

46. 46 From Particle Image to Fluid Image (Particles)(Ensembles) (Phase Space) (Distribution Func.) (Real Space) (Moment Eqs.) [CE expansion] [Velocity moments] (Fluid Eqs.) [E.A.]

47. 47

48. Fokker-Planck Equation 48

49. Radiation Transport Equation 49

50. Hamiltonian for N-electron system How to solve: MCHF, HF, Para-potential Method OPAL at LLNL 50

51. Rate Equations 51

52. Appendix A Historical Events of Plasma Physics 52

53. 53

54. Appendix B 54

55. 55

56. 56

57. 57

58. 58

59. 59

60. 60

61. 61