1. Review

2.  Homologous structures  Vestigial structures  Analogous Structures  Modified Structures

3.  Artificial selection  Adaptation  Natural Selection  Survival of the fittest

4.  Homologous structures  Vestigial structures  Analogous Structures  Modified Structures

5.  Natural Selection  Fitness  Artificial Selection  Adaptation

6. Genetic Drift increases the diversity of a population

7.  Similarities  Metaphors  Analogies  Differences

8.  Homologous structures  Vestigial structures  Analogous Structures  Modified Structures

10.  Adaptation  Natural Selection  Fitness  Divergent Evolution

11. A)The species evolved from different ancestors, and developed differently B)These species naturally occurred and no relationship existed among them C)These species had a common ancestor and evolved differently to suit their habitats D)These species look similar because they interbreed

16. A)Convergent Evolution B)Macroevolution C)Divergent Evolution D)Temporal Evolution

17.  Stabilizing  Artificial  Directional  Disruptive

18.  Stabilizing  Artificial  Directional  Disruptive

19. The illustration in the box shows the bones in the hind foot of a modern horse. The other illustrations show the bones in the hind feet of three extinct species. Each of these extinct species is an ancestor of the modern horse. (The illustrations have been scaled so that all of the species seem to be the same size.) Which lists the extinct species in order from most closely related to the modern horse to most distantly related to the modern horse? A 1, 3, 2 B 2, 1, 3 C 2, 3, 1 D 3, 2, 1 Home Back to evolution

20. According to the graph, what is the approximate half-life of carbon-14? A 5.7 years C 23,000 years B 5,700 years D 1,000,000 years 49 100% ½ of 100% Home Back to evolution

21. The diagram illustrates how some characteristics of the horse have changed over time. Along with the difference in size, what is another anatomical difference between the modern horse and its ancestors? F The structure of the tooth has been adapted for eating meat. G The size of the molars has decreased. H The length of the forefoot has decreased. J The number of toes has decreased. Home Back to evolution

22. Which of the following leaf types is most likely to help a plant survive in an arid habitat? The drier and hotter the air, the smaller the leaves. Home Back to evolution

23. In comparisons of the evolutionary relationships between four species of birds, which of the following would be most useful? A. color of feathers. B. gene sequences. C. nesting behaviors. D. patterns of migration. Home Back to evolution

24. Because of this animal’s adaptations, it would be most successful at — F competing with birds G making its own food H hiding from predators J running very rapidly 2 It seems camouflaged. Home Back to evolution

25. The diagram above shows the biochemical pathway that produces arginine, an amino acid required by an organism called Neurospora. The table shows the response of a mutant strain of Neurospora to supplements in its food supply. This mutant strain must lack the enzyme that acts on — F the precursor G ornithine H citrulline J arginine If ornithine does not produce growth, then maybe the Mutant Neurospora has a ‘changed Enzyme Y’ and can’t process the ornithine. Home Back to evolution

26. Which statement about the evolutionary history of jawed fishes is supported by the diagram? A Jawless fishes became extinct after jawed fishes evolved. B The first amphibians were direct descendants of lungfish. C Ray-finned and lobe-finned fishes have a common ancestor. D Sturgeon are more closely related to sharks than to coelacanths. Home Back to evolution

27. The table shows an amino acid comparison of cytochrome c, a protein involved in cellular respiration in aerobic organisms. The two organisms in the table that are least genetically related are the — A silkworm moth and the fruit fly B silkworm moth and the screwworm fly C fruit fly and the screwworm fly D fruit fly and the hornworm moth Most different 21 These rows are the same. Difference of 4 Difference of 7 Home

28. The table shows a comparison of some amino acids found in cytochrome c. The two organisms in the table that are most closely related are — A Q and T B R and S C Q and R D Q and S 53 Home Back to evolution

29. Q & R = Differences in 3% Q and S = Differences in 6% Rows 1,2,3 are the same. Eliminate Organism T Count differences between Q and R Q and S R and S R and S = Differences of 9% Home Back to evolution

30. The table shows a comparison of some amino acids found in cytochrome c. The two organisms in the table that are most closely related are — A Q and T B R and S C Q and R D Q and S 53 Home Back to evolution

31. The table shows a comparison of some amino acids found in cytochrome c. The two organisms in the table that are most closely related are — A Q and T B R and S C Q and R D Q and S 53 Home Back to evolution

32. A plant has a change in its DNA that makes it more resistant to a species of harmful bacteria. What will most likely happen as a result of this mutation? A The plant will not survive long enough to reproduce. B The species of harmful bacteria will become extinct. C Over time the number of resistant plants will increase. D Over time the number of harmful bacteria will increase. Home Back to evolution

33. A plant has a change in its DNA that makes it more resistant to a species of harmful bacteria. What will most likely happen as a result of this mutation? A The plant will not survive long enough to reproduce. B The species of harmful bacteria will become extinct. C Over time the number of resistant plants will increase. D Over time the number of harmful bacteria will increase. Home Back to evolution