1. 8-4: Life With Carbon
What four classes of organic compounds are required by living things, and how are they used in the body?

2. COMPARE & CONTRAST Anticipatory Set
All are foods & have carbon polymers.
Taste, texture, chemical makeup.

3. California Standards
Science Standard 8.6.b: Students know that living organisms are made of molecules consisting largely of carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, oxygen, phosphorous, and sulfur.
Science Standard 8.6.c: Students know that living organisms have many different kinds of molecules, including small ones, such as water and salt, and very large ones, such as carbohydrates, fats, proteins, and DNA.

4. Input
carbohydrate: an energy-rich organic compound made of the elements carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen.
glucose: a simple carbohydrate; the monomer of many complex carbohydrates.
complex carbohydrate: a long chain, or polymer, of simple carbohydrate.
starch: a complex carbohydrate in which plants store energy.

5. Input cellulose: a complex carbohydrate found in plant structures.
lipid: an energy-rich organic compound made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen.
fatty acid: an organic compound that is a monomer of a fat or oil.
cholesterol: a waxy lipid in animal cells.

6. Input
nucleic acid: a very large organic compound made up of carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, nitrogen, and phosphorous; examples are DNA & RNA.
DNA: DeoxyriboNucleic Acid, one type of nucleic acid.
RNA: Ribonucleic acid, a type of nucleic.
nucleotide: an organic compound that is one of the monomers of nucleic acids.

7. Input & Modeling Life With Carbons
The four classes of organic compounds required by living things are…
carbohydrates
proteins
lipids
nucleic acids

9. Input & Modeling Life With Carbon Carbohydrates:
The body breaks down starch into glucose, which is used by the body as energy to carry out its life functions.

10. Input & Modeling Life With Carbon Proteins:
The body uses proteins from food to build and repair body parts and to regulate cell activities

11. Input & Modeling Life With Carbon Lipids:
Gram for gram, lipids release twice as much energy in your body as do carbohydrates.

12. Input & Modeling Life With Carbon Nucleic Acids:
There are two types of nucleic acids, DNA & RNA.

13. Input & Modeling Other Nutrients
Organisms require water, vitamins, minerals, and salts to support the functioning of large molecules.
Water makes up about 90% of the liquid part of blood. Nutrients are dissolved in the watery part of blood and carried throughout the body.

14. Input & Modeling Other Nutrients
Organisms require water, vitamins, minerals, and salts to support the functioning of large molecules.
Vitamins serve as helper molecules in a variety of chemical reactions in the body.
Minerals are elements in the form of ions needed by the body.

15. Input & Modeling Other Nutrients
Organisms require water, vitamins, minerals, and salts to support the functioning of large molecules.
Salts are ionic compounds that help the body in such processes as muscle contraction, bone growth, and pH balance.

16. Input & Modeling The Molecules of Life
Complex carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids are all large organic molecules. They are built of smaller molecules linked in different patterns.

17. HOMEWORK CONNECTION Complete the Section 8-4 Review & Reinforce
Write a detailed SUMMARY of the section and complete the UNANSWERED QUESTIONS section of your notes.
Choose two of the remaining Depth & Complexity ICONS in your notes and explain how they relate to this section.