1. Greek Culture pp. 270-277 a. Greek Beliefs Chapter 10.1 Essential Question: What makes a culture unique?

2. Vocabulary Culture Culture Myth Myth Unique Unique Ritual Ritual Oracle Oracle Turn and talk about these words. Look them up in 10.1 if needed

3. Myths Traditional stories about gods and heroes. Used in Greek religion. Traditional stories about gods and heroes. Used in Greek religion. Explains a culture’s beliefs or nature Explains a culture’s beliefs or nature

4. ritual Words or actions that are part of a religious ceremony Words or actions that are part of a religious ceremony

5. oracle Sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess and answers questions about what will happen in the future Sacred shrine where a priest or priestess spoke for a god or goddess and answers questions about what will happen in the future

6. Greek Beliefs

7. Greeks formed city-states Greeks formed city-states –City-state-is the city and the land that surrounds it –Spoke Greek language –Shared many beliefs and customs –Believed many of the same myths

8. Who were the Greek gods? Pp. 270-271 Pp. 270-271

9. Greek mythology is the body of myths and legends belonging to the ancient Greeks, concerning their gods and heroes, the nature of the world, and the origins and significance of their own beliefs and ritual practices. They were a part of religion in ancient Greece. Modern scholars refer to, and study the myths in an attempt to throw light on the religious and political institutions of Ancient Greece, its civilization, and to gain understanding of the nature of myth-making itself. godsheroesthe nature of the worldreligion in ancient Greecegodsheroesthe nature of the worldreligion in ancient Greece

10. Greek Mythology ….Oh to be among the gods!

11. Who were the Greek Gods? Greeks believed in gods and goddesses Gods were not all-powerful gods marry and have children 12 most important gods and goddesses lived on Mt. Olympus Who were the Greek Gods?

12. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJC m8W5RZes 3 mins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJC m8W5RZes 3 mins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJC m8W5RZes https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eJC m8W5RZes

13. The Titans Beings the Greeks believed existed before the gods of Olympia. The Titans Were the offspring of Gaia (mother earth) and Uranus.

14. The Greeks believed Cronos fathered the gods. Afraid they would take the Titans power, Cronos ate all of his children except Zeus. Zeus killed Cronos and freed his siblings.

15. Zeus Zeus Zeus is the king of all the gods. He divided up the world with his brothers, Hades and Poseidon. Zeus becomes ruler of the sky and earth. Zeus has many children all of whom have powers. However, Zeus has more powers than anyone else.

16. Hades Hades Hades is the lord of the dead in the Underworld. He’s so scary that people would not even say his name. Guests in the underworld are greeted by his three-headed dog. His brother, Zeus tricked the beautiful Persephone into marrying Hades. Her mother, Demeter, goddess of agriculture, makes a deal with Hades so Persephone only has to stay with Hades for part of the year causing winter weather.

17. Poseidon Poseidon Poseidon was god of the sea and brother to Zeus and Hades. In Homer’s famous Odyssey he punishes Odysseus because Odysseus blinded his son the Cyclops. He is able to cause storms with the use of his trident, 3 pronged spear. Earthquakes are believed to be caused by his wrath as well.

18. Hephaestus Hephaestus is the god of metalworking and is married to the unfaithful Aphrodite. He forges all the weapons for the gods. He works beneath the Earth’s surface. His smashing of steel into molten lava creates earthquakes and volcanoes

19. Athena Athena is the firstborn and favorite child of Zeus. She is known as the goddess of wisdom. According to the myth, she busts out of his head fully grown and dressed for battle. She often uses her intelligence to rescue Greek heroes. She is the protectress of the city, Athens and has the Parthenon built for her as a temple.

20. Apollo Apollo is god of the sun and twin to Artemis. His daily task is to drive the sun across the sky. During the Trojan War he helps the Trojans and helps kill legendary Greek warrior, Achilles.

21. Ares Ares is known as the god of war, not for his skill but because he liked all the violence. His parents were Zeus and Hera. He is father to the twins, Remus and Romulus. Romulus will eventually become the 1 st king of Rome.

22. Artemis Artemis is the goddess of the moon and hunting. Artemis, being a female, would seek revenge if she felt someone wronged her.

23. Hera Hera was married to Zeus and is therefore queen of the gods. Most of her time is spent causing trouble for all of her husband’s girlfriends and their children. She is most famous for trying to destroy Hercules. Her sacred animal is the peacock.

24. Aphrodite Aphrodite is the goddess of love and beauty. She plays a part in starting the Trojan War. In order to win a beauty contest she bribes Paris with the most beautiful woman in the human world, Helen. When she runs away with Paris the Greeks go after her and thus begins the war.

25. Each city-state chose a god or goddess as its protector. Which god or goddess did Athens choose as its protector? Which god or goddess did Athens choose as its protector? Which god or goddess did Sparta choose as its protector? Which god or goddess did Sparta choose as its protector?

26. p.272

27. Olympic Games Located in Olympia Games “for the greater glory of Zeus” Began in 776 B.C. Greeks believed their gods would be please if people showed skill in the arts, in athletic games, or in thinking Olympic Games

28. Greek Oracles

29. Priest or priestess spoke for a god. Predicated the future. Oracle at the Temple of Apollo at Delphi was the most famous Modern version = psychic

30. But the Greek oracles had a couple of advantages too. But the Greek oracles had a couple of advantages too. First, you didn't just come and ask your question. You had to hang around the temple for a while, talking to the priests, so they could get to know you. And they could see you, not just hear your voice on the telephone. First, you didn't just come and ask your question. You had to hang around the temple for a while, talking to the priests, so they could get to know you. And they could see you, not just hear your voice on the telephone. Second, everybody came to the same few oracles for help, and the priests at these oracles (unlike the Psychic Hotline) compared notes with each other. So if you asked "Should I get married?" and the oracle said "Yes," and then next week your girlfriend comes and she asks, "Will Gorgias ask me to marry him?" then the oracle already knows the answer to that one. Second, everybody came to the same few oracles for help, and the priests at these oracles (unlike the Psychic Hotline) compared notes with each other. So if you asked "Should I get married?" and the oracle said "Yes," and then next week your girlfriend comes and she asks, "Will Gorgias ask me to marry him?" then the oracle already knows the answer to that one. There is every reason to think that the oracles were worth the money they charged. There is every reason to think that the oracles were worth the money they charged.

31. Ticket out the Door Reread the textbook to answer… Why did the Greeks have festivals and rituals for their gods? Why did the Greeks have festivals and rituals for their gods? Why did the ancient Greeks seek advice from oracles? Why did the ancient Greeks seek advice from oracles?

32. 10. 1 Greek Culture b. Epics and Fables P.272-273 P.272-273

33. Epics and Fables Epic-a long story poem Epic-a long story poem Fable- a story meant to teach a lesson usually with animals personified Fable- a story meant to teach a lesson usually with animals personified

34. The Trojan Horse P.273-274 P.273-274

35. 1. Illiad – A Troy Story video in teacher apps 2 mins 2. Helen_of_Troy Horrible History one drive 3. Trojan Horse clip from Troy the movie in teacher apps 2 mins the Iliad written by Homer

36. Epics Long poems Long poems Has a brave hero and adventures Has a brave hero and adventures Describes brave deeds Describes brave deeds “Is” are written down “Is” are written down Thought to be true Thought to be true Passed down from generation to generation Passed down from generation to generation Teaches a lesson Teaches a lesson

37. The Odyssey animation clip in teacher apps 4 mins The Odyssey animation clip in teacher apps 4 mins The Odyssey by Homer

38. Epics by Homer had heroes that were role models for the Greeks The Iliad Written about 700 BC Written about 700 BC Story of a war between the Greeks and the people of Troy Story of a war between the Greeks and the people of Troy Tells of a prince of Troy that falls in love with Helen (the wife of the king) and kidnaps her Angers the Greeks and they attack Troy Trick the Trojans with a huge, hollow, wooden horse The Greeks capture the city, rescue Helen and take her home The Odyssey Written about 700 BC Written about 700 BC Tells the story of Odysseus, a Greek Hero of the Trojan War Adventures of Odysseus going home from the Trojan war Adventures of Odysseus going home from the Trojan war He faces storms, monsters, and witches. Odysseus returns home to his wife. Homer’s Epics Taught Lessons = friendship and marriage should be valued

39. Turn and Talk: Why are some computer viruses called Trojan horses?

40. Aesop’s Fables P.274-275 P.274-275

41. Aesop’s fables Short Stories Ending teaches a moral (lesson) Popular stories include “The Tortoise and the Hare” “The Boy that Cried Wolf” Animals talk Often funny Told orally (out loud) Passed down from one generation to another

42. original 8mins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =MeZe2qPLPh0 ​ original 8mins https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =MeZe2qPLPh0 ​ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =MeZe2qPLPh0 https://www.youtube.com/watch?v =MeZe2qPLPh0 Super bowl commercial one drive Super bowl commercial one drive https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQvdIGeUU vo ​ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQvdIGeUU vo ​ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQvdIGeUU vo https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LQvdIGeUU vo Aesop’s Fables

43. How is a fable part of an oral tradition?

44. Ticket out the Door EpicsFables 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.

45. 10.1 Greek Culture c. The Impact of Greek Drama P.275 P.275

46. The Impact of Greek Drama

47. Drama is a story told mainly through words and action of a cast of characters Greek Drama had two categories: 1. tragedy-main character struggles to overcome hardships but does not succeed 2. comedy-story ends happily (not necessarily funny like today)

48. Greek Drama Women not allowed to act Women not allowed to act Men played all the parts (even the female parts) Men played all the parts (even the female parts) Dramas were part of religious festivals for the gods and goddesses Dramas were part of religious festivals for the gods and goddesses Dealt with big ideas Dealt with big ideas –like the meaning of good and evil –The rights of people

49. p.276

50. Aeschylus Earliest Greek dramatist One of his dramas was called the Oresteia Tells about a Greek king’s return from the Trojan War and the troubles that strike his family. It is a story about revenge and murders. Shows how one evil action can lead to another

51. Sophocles Accepted suffering as a part of life Stressed courage and understand Wrote play Antigone questions whether it is better to obey orders or to do what one believe to be right

52. Euripides Euripides wrote about ordinary human beings in realistic situations. His play often show the suffering caused by war.

53. Greek Writers AeschylusTragedy Main person dies – but good defeats evil SophoclesTragedy Follow the rules or do what is right EuripidesTragedy Realism and overcoming death in battles AristophanesComedy Made fun of government and religion

54. How Greek Drama Developed P.277 P.277

55. How Greek Drama Developed Contrast the two types of drama the Greeks created Contrast the two types of drama the Greeks created How did Greek drama influence how people are entertained today? How did Greek drama influence how people are entertained today?

56. Greek Art and Architecture P.277 P.277

57. Greek artists Painted pottery Painted pottery –Large vases Pictures of myths Pictures of myths Red and Black paint Red and Black paint –Small pieces Pictures of everyday life Pictures of everyday life Classical Style of Art Classical Style of Art –Expressed ideals of Order Order Balance Balance Harmony Harmony

58. Architecture and Beautiful Buildings Large columns to support the roof Large columns to support the roof Most important buildings = temples Most important buildings = temples –Dedicated to gods or goddesses –Decorated with sculptures by artists Like all Greek art = expressed ideas of perfections and beauty Like all Greek art = expressed ideas of perfections and beauty

59. Infographic p. 276

60. Acropolis-the hilltop that a fort stood on In the acropolis of many city-states, you would find temples to the god or goddess that was its protector. Oracle shrines would also be located here.

61. Acropolis today http://www.airpano.com/360Degree- VirtualTour.php?3D=Acropolis-Athens- Greece http://www.airpano.com/360Degree- VirtualTour.php?3D=Acropolis-Athens- Greece http://www.airpano.com/360Degree- VirtualTour.php?3D=Acropolis-Athens- Greece http://www.airpano.com/360Degree- VirtualTour.php?3D=Acropolis-Athens- Greece

62. Temple of Athena

63. Temple of Athena: Parthenon Ancient times Ancient times Today Today https://www.google.c om/maps/views/view/ 106642761680605709 217/gphoto/60588171 51309620818?gl=us& heading=214&pitch= 90&fovy=75 https://www.google.c om/maps/views/view/ 106642761680605709 217/gphoto/60588171 51309620818?gl=us& heading=214&pitch= 90&fovy=75 https://www.google.c om/maps/views/view/ 106642761680605709 217/gphoto/60588171 51309620818?gl=us& heading=214&pitch= 90&fovy=75 https://www.google.c om/maps/views/view/ 106642761680605709 217/gphoto/60588171 51309620818?gl=us& heading=214&pitch= 90&fovy=75

64. Different types of Greek Columns It was the ancient Greeks who invented 3 beautiful types of columns. These were used all over ancient Greece to hold up buildings and rooftops and temples. One column had a very simple design. One was sort of in the middle. And one was very ornate. It was the ancient Greeks who invented 3 beautiful types of columns. These were used all over ancient Greece to hold up buildings and rooftops and temples. One column had a very simple design. One was sort of in the middle. And one was very ornate.

65. Image and caption on p. 277 When you walk around a city today, what kind of Greek influences can you look for? When you walk around a city today, what kind of Greek influences can you look for?

66. Ticket out the Door Think back all week: Think back all week: List three kinds of writing that were started by ancient Greeks. List three kinds of writing that were started by ancient Greeks. 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3. List 3 ways the Greek culture is unique. List 3 ways the Greek culture is unique. 1. 1. 2. 2. 3. 3.