1. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Atlanta PM2.5 Attainment Modeling with AERMOD Yan Huang, James Boylan, Peter Courtney, and Michelle Bergin (Georgia EPD – Air Protection Branch) 2009 Region 4 Modelers Workshop March 18, 2009

2. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Outline Background Local AERMOD Modeling Updated 2012 DVF Projections

3. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Background

4. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Objective Elevated PM2.5 concentration in Atlanta non-attainment area:  Regional/urban scale sources  Local sources Demonstrate attainment in 2012?

5. Georgia Environmental Protection Division F.S.#8 E.Rivers Jeff. St. 2.2mile 2.9mile Forest Park South- DeKalb Doraville Health East Point Location of Core Urban Sites

6. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Annual Average PM 2.5 (Stations <3 miles from Fire Station #8)

7. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Fire Station #8 Railyard and Fire Station #8

8. Georgia Environmental Protection Division CMAQ PM2.5 Projections AIRS IDCounty2002 DVC2009 DVF2012 DVF 13-063-0091Clayton16.515.114.0 13-067-0003Cobb16.314.613.2 13-067-0004Cobb15.213.612.4 13-089-0002DeKalb15.914.413.3 13-089-2001DeKalb16.214.413.1 13-121-0032Fulton16.514.913.6 13-121-0039Fulton*18.316.615.4 13-135-0002Gwinnett16.114.313.0 13-139-0003Hall15.113.412.1 13-223-0003Paulding14.312.811.5 * Local Increment at Fire Station #8 = 1.8  g/m 3

9. Georgia Environmental Protection Division CMAQ 12-km Grid Cell

10. Georgia Environmental Protection Division AERMOD Modeling for Local Sources

11. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Local PM2.5 Sources Rail Yards –Inman, Tilford, and Howells On-Road Mobile –Marietta Blvd., Marietta St., and Bolton Rd. Local Industrial Facilities –Plant McDonough, Meadwestvaco Packaging Systems, others

12. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Model Set-Up 2002-2006 five year simulation Elevated terrain (AERMAP) Five-hundred meter receptors Seasonal surface parameters with twelve 30-degree wind sectors (AERSURFACE) Meteorological data –Peachtree City NWS upper air –Atlanta Hartsfield airport NWS surface observation

13. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Provided by B. Kim, GA EPD AERMOD Modeling Domain

14. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Locomotive Activity Two Class I railroad companies –Norfolk Southern –CSX Transportation Two locomotive activity categories –Line-haul –Switching

15. Georgia Environmental Protection Division 2012 Emission Reductions Railyard – 30 Genset replacement by 2012 (currently 42 yard switchers) – 93% PM2.5 emission reduction per Genset Mobile –ARC link-based VMT data – 50 ~ 60% reduction

16. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Locomotive PM2.5 Emission Railyard2002 # of YS 2002 LH (tons/ year) 2002 YS (tons/ year) 2002 Total (tons/ year) 2012 # of Gen sets 2012 LH (tons/ year) 2012 YS (tons/ year) 2012 Total (tons/ year) Total redu ction (%) Inman3011.4122.5934.00219.407.8817.2849.2 Tilford116.468.2814.7495.321.987.3050.5 Howells100.75 00 0

17. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Mobile Emission RoadwayLength (mi.) 2002 (grams/day) 2012 (grams/day) Reduction (%) Bolton Rd.1.496181472760 Marietta Rd.2.7271032NA Marietta Blvd.3.7126917341351

18. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Local Facilities Map ID Facility Name2002 PM2.5 2002 PM10 2002 PM Source Type 1GA Power – Plant McDonough145.9332.5494.6Point 2General Shale Brick Inc Plt 3045Point 3LaFarge Bldg Materials, Inc27.532.6143.9Point 4RL Sutton WPCP40.40Point 5Central Metals Co8.00Point 6Vulcan Const Materials LP46.00Volume 7Ennis Paint, Inc9.61Volume 8Meadwestvaco Packaging150Point 9Atlanta R M Clayton WPCP21.1Point Unit: tons/yr

19. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Railyard and Mobile Source Contribution* to Annual PM2.5 *Results are presented as 5-year average impact (2002 emissions).

20. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Local Facility Contribution* to Annual PM2.5 at FS#8 *Results are presented as 5-year average impact (2002 emissions).

21. Georgia Environmental Protection Division 2002 PM2.5 Contributions SourceFS #8 (  g/m 3 ) E. Rivers (  g/m 3 ) Railyards2.45330.1687 Mobile0.44540.0142 Point Sources2.31380.8858 TOTAL5.21251.0687 Modeled Local Increment = 4.1438  g/m 3 Measured Local Increment = 1.8  g/m 3

22. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Local Contributions at FS #8 Source2002 (  g/m 3 ) 2012 (  g/m 3 ) Railyards2.45331.4070 Mobile0.44540.2205 Point Sources2.3138 TOTAL5.21253.9413 Railyard Reduction (Gensets) = 1.0463  g/m 3 Mobile Reduction = 0.2249  g/m 3

23. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Combining CMAQ and AERMOD Results

24. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Railyard Adjustment to DVF Percent (%) Reduction in Modeled Local Increment due to Gensets Railyard Controls = (1.0463  g/m 3 )/(4.1438  g/m 3 ) = 25.25% Reduction in Measured Local Increment due to Gensets Railyard Controls = (1.8  g/m 3 ) * (25.25%) = 0.4545  g/m 3

25. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Mobile Adjustment to DVF Percent (%) Reduction in Modeled Local Increment due to Mobile Controls = (0.2249  g/m 3 )/(4.1438  g/m 3 ) = 5.43% Reduction in Measured Local Increment due to Mobile Controls = (1.8  g/m 3 ) * (5.43%) = 0.0977  g/m 3

26. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Revised 2012 DVF Revised 2012 DVF including Local Gensets Railyard & Mobile Controls = Revised 2012 DVF = 2012 DVF – Local Reductions = 15.3564  g/m 3 - 0.4545  g/m 3 - 0.0977  g/m 3 = 14.80  g/m 3 Plan to redo calculations based on quarterly local increments & quarterly RRFs from AERMOD.

27. Georgia Environmental Protection Division Yan Huang, Ph.D. Georgia Dept. of Natural Resources 4244 International Parkway, Suite 120 Atlanta, GA 30354 Yan.Huang@dnr.state.ga.us 404-363-7072 Contact Information