1. The Urinary System $100 $100 $100 $100 $100 $200 $200 $200 $200 $200
Anatomy & Histology
Urine Production
Urine Movement
Regulation
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FINAL ROUND

2. Anatomy and Histology: $100 Question
This urinary system organ removes waste products from the body and helps regulate blood pressure:
a. liver
b. heart
c. kidney
d. lungs
ANSWER
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3. Anatomy and Histology: $100 Answer
This urinary system organ removes waste products from the body and helps regulate blood pressure:
a. liver
b. heart
c. kidney
d. lungs
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4. Anatomy and Histology: $200 Question
This is the basic histological and functional unit of the kidney:
a. glomerulus
b. filtration membrane
c. nephron
d. podocyte
e. renal corpuscle
ANSWER
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5. Anatomy and Histology: $200 Answer
This is the basic histological and functional unit of the kidney:
a. glomerulus
b. filtration membrane
c. nephron
d. podocyte
e. renal corpuscle
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6. Anatomy and Histology: $300 Question
The major calyces of the kidney converge to form this enlarged channel:
a. renal fascia
b. renal pelvis
c. renal pyramids
d. renal papillae
e. renal sinus
ANSWER
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7. Anatomy and Histology: $300 Answer
The major calyces of the kidney converge to form this enlarged channel:
a. renal fascia
b. renal pelvis
c. renal pyramids
d. renal papillae
e. renal sinus
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8. Anatomy and Histology: $400 Question
The juxtaglomerular cells of the _____________ and the macula densa cells of the _____________ form the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
a. afferent arteriole, distal tubule
b. afferent arteriole, proximal tubule
c. efferent arteriole, proximal tubule
d. efferent arteriole, distal tubule
ANSWER
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9. Anatomy and Histology: $400 Answer
The juxtaglomerular cells of the _____________ and the macula densa cells of the _____________ form the juxtaglomerular apparatus.
a. afferent arteriole, distal tubule
b. afferent arteriole, proximal tubule
c. efferent arteriole, proximal tubule
d. efferent arteriole, distal tubule
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10. Anatomy and Histology: $500 Question
Given these parts of a nephron: 1. renal corpuscle 2. collecting duct 3. loop of Henle 4. distal tubule 5. proximal tubule Arrange the parts in order as fluid flows from the filtration membrane through the nephron.
a. 1,5,3,4,2 c. 2,1,4,5,3
b. 2,4,1,3,5 d. 4,2,3,5,1
ANSWER
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11. Anatomy and Histology: $500 Answer
Given these parts of a nephron: 1. renal corpuscle 2. collecting duct 3. loop of Henle 4. distal tubule 5. proximal tubule Arrange the parts in order as fluid flows from the filtration membrane through the nephron.
a. 1,5,3,4,2 c. 2,1,4,5,3
b. 2,4,1,3,5 d. 4,2,3,5,1
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12. Urine Production: $100 Question
This process of urine production is the active transport of solutes across the walls of the nephron into the filtrate:
a. filtration
b. tubular reabsorption
c. tubular secretion
d. filtration fraction
ANSWER
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13. Urine Production: $100 Answer
This process of urine production is the active transport of solutes across the walls of the nephron into the filtrate:
a. filtration
b. tubular reabsorption
c. tubular secretion
d. filtration fraction
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14. Urine Production: $200 Question
These substances normally cannot pass through the filtration membrane:
a. hemoglobin
b. water
c. sodium ions
d. bicarbonate ions
e. glucose
ANSWER
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15. Urine Production: $200 Answer
These substances normally cannot pass through the filtration membrane:
a. hemoglobin
b. water
c. sodium ions
d. bicarbonate ions
e. glucose
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16. Urine Production: $300 Question
By the time the filtrate reaches this, the glucose is usually completely reabsorbed:
a. the end of the proximal tubule
b. the tip of the loop of Henle
c. the end of the distal tubule
d. the end of the collecting duct
e. Bowman's capsule
ANSWER
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17. Urine Production: $300 Answer
By the time the filtrate reaches this, the glucose is usually completely reabsorbed:
a. the end of the proximal tubule
b. the tip of the loop of Henle
c. the end of the distal tubule
d. the end of the collecting duct
e. Bowman's capsule
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18. Urine Production: $400 Question
A decrease in systemic blood pressure results in dilation of the afferent arterioles which prevents a decrease in renal blood flow and filtration pressure.
True/False
ANSWER
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19. Urine Production: $400 Answer
A decrease in systemic blood pressure results in dilation of the afferent arterioles which prevents a decrease in renal blood flow and filtration pressure.
True/False
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20. Urine Production: $500 Question
Drinking a large amount of beer results in this:
a. increased aldosterone secretion
b. increased permeability of the collecting ducts of the nephrons
c. decreased urine osmolality
d. increased urine volume
e. both c and d
ANSWER
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21. Urine Production: $500 Answer
Drinking a large amount of beer results in this:
a. increased aldosterone secretion
b. increased permeability of the collecting ducts of the nephrons
c. decreased urine osmolality
d. increased urine volume
e. both c and d
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22. Regulation: $100 Question
This hormone secreted by the kidney triggers a cascade that regulates blood Na+ and blood pressure:
a. erythropoietin
b. vasopressin
c. renin
d. angiotensin
ANSWER
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23. Regulation: $100 Answer
This hormone secreted by the kidney triggers a cascade that regulates blood Na+ and blood pressure:
a. erythropoietin
b. vasopressin
c. renin
d. angiotensin
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24. Regulation: $200 Question
This effect is caused by increased aldosterone levels:
a. increased reabsorption of Na+
b. decreased blood volume
c. decreased reabsorption of Cl-
d. increased permeability of the distal tubule to water
e. increased volume of urine
ANSWER
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25. This effect is caused by increased aldosterone levels:
Regulation: $200 Answer
This effect is caused by increased aldosterone levels:
a. increased reabsorption of Na+
b. decreased blood volume
c. decreased reabsorption of Cl-
d. increased permeability of the distal tubule to water
e. increased volume of urine
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26. Regulation: $300 Question
Diuretics affect the urine in this manner:
a. decrease the urine flow
b. increase the urine flow
c. increase the cellular composition of the urine
d. none of the above
ANSWER
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27. Diuretics affect the urine in this manner: a. decrease the urine flow
Regulation: $300 Answer
Diuretics affect the urine in this manner:
a. decrease the urine flow
b. increase the urine flow
c. increase the cellular composition of the urine
d. none of the above
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28. Regulation: $400 Question
This statement best describes principal cells in the distal tubules and collecting duct:
a. secrete renin
b. respond to ADH and aldosterone
c. respond to ADH only
d. respond to aldosterone only
ANSWER
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29. b. respond to ADH and aldosterone c. respond to ADH only
Regulation: $400 Answer
This statement best describes principal cells in the distal tubules and collecting duct:
a. secrete renin
b. respond to ADH and aldosterone
c. respond to ADH only
d. respond to aldosterone only
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30. Regulation: $500 Question
Putting a patient with hypertension on a low-sodium diet would have this effect:
a. reduces the osmolality of blood
b. ADH secretion is inhibited
c. produces dilute urine and eliminates water
d. reduces blood volume and blood pressure
e. all of these
ANSWER
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31. a. reduces the osmolality of blood b. ADH secretion is inhibited
Regulation: $500 Answer
Putting a patient with hypertension on a low-sodium diet would have this effect:
a. reduces the osmolality of blood
b. ADH secretion is inhibited
c. produces dilute urine and eliminates water
d. reduces blood volume and blood pressure
e. all of these
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32. Urine Movement: $100 Question
This small tube leads from the floor of the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body:
a. renal pelvis
b. ureter
c. urethra
d. calyx
ANSWER
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33. Urine Movement: $100 Answer
This small tube leads from the floor of the urinary bladder to the exterior of the body:
a. renal pelvis
b. ureter
c. urethra
d. calyx
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34. Urine Movement: $200 Question
This is the principal function of the ureter:
a. transport blood to the efferent arterioles
b. transport urine from the renal pelvis into the urinary bladder
c. transport glucose and protein into the renal pelvis
d. none of the above
ANSWER
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35. Urine Movement: $200 Answer
This is the principal function of the ureter:
a. transport blood to the efferent arterioles
b. transport urine from the renal pelvis into the urinary bladder
c. transport glucose and protein into the renal pelvis
d. none of the above
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36. Urine Movement: $300 Question
The urinary bladder can contain 1 L of urine, but discomfort becomes noticeable when the volume exceeds 500mL.
True/False
ANSWER
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37. Urine Movement: $300 Answer
The urinary bladder can contain 1 L of urine, but discomfort becomes noticeable when the volume exceeds 500mL.
True/False
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38. Urine Movement: $400 Question
The urinary bladder is lined with this tissue:
a. simple cuboidal epithelium
b. simple columnar epithelium
c. smooth muscle
d. transitional epithelium
ANSWER
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39. Urine Movement: $400 Answer
The urinary bladder is lined with this tissue:
a. simple cuboidal epithelium
b. simple columnar epithelium
c. smooth muscle
d. transitional epithelium
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40. Urine Movement: $500 Question
This triangular area of the urinary bladder is between the two ureters posteriorly and the urethra anteriorly:
a. external urinary sphincter
b. internal urinary sphincter
c. smooth muscle
d. transitional epithelium
e. trigone
ANSWER
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41. Urine Movement: $500 Answer
This triangular area of the urinary bladder is between the two ureters posteriorly and the urethra anteriorly:
a. external urinary sphincter
b. internal urinary sphincter
c. smooth muscle
d. transitional epithelium
e. trigone
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42. Grab Bag: $100 Question
Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney through this:
a. renal hilus
b. renal sinus
c. renal calyces
d. adrenal glands
ANSWER
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43. Grab Bag: $100 Answer
Blood vessels, lymphatic vessels and nerves enter and exit the kidney through this:
a. renal hilus
b. renal sinus
c. renal calyces
d. adrenal glands
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44. The cortex of the kidney contains this: a. hilus b. glomeruli
Grab Bag: $200 Question
The cortex of the kidney contains this:
a. hilus
b. glomeruli
c. perirenal fat
d. renal pyramids
e. renal pelvis
ANSWER
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45. The cortex of the kidney contains this: a. hilus b. glomeruli
Grab Bag: $200 Answer
The cortex of the kidney contains this:
a. hilus
b. glomeruli
c. perirenal fat
d. renal pyramids
e. renal pelvis
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46. Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism: a. active transport
Grab Bag: $300 Question
Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism:
a. active transport
b. filtration into the capillary network
c. osmosis
d. facilitated diffusion
e. cotransport
ANSWER
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47. Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism: a. active transport
Grab Bag: $300 Answer
Water leaves the nephron by this mechanism:
a. active transport
b. filtration into the capillary network
c. osmosis
d. facilitated diffusion
e. cotransport
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48. This condition reduces filtration pressure in the glomerulus:
Grab Bag: $400 Question
This condition reduces filtration pressure in the glomerulus:
a. elevated blood pressure
b. constriction of the afferent arterioles
c. decreased plasma protein in the glomerulus
d. dilation of the afferent arterioles
e. decreased capsule pressure
ANSWER
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49. This condition reduces filtration pressure in the glomerulus:
Grab Bag: $400 Answer
This condition reduces filtration pressure in the glomerulus:
a. elevated blood pressure
b. constriction of the afferent arterioles
c. decreased plasma protein in the glomerulus
d. dilation of the afferent arterioles
e. decreased capsule pressure
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50. Grab Bag: $500 Question
Given these vessels: 1. arcuate vein 2. afferent arteriole 3. efferent arteriole 4. interlobular vein 5. peritubular capillaries Arrange the vessels in the order in which a drop of blood from the interlobular artery passes through them.
a. 1,2,4,5,3 b. 2,3,5,4,1
c. 4,2,5,3,1 d. 5,2,4,1,3
ANSWER
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51. Grab Bag: $500 Answer
Given these vessels: 1. arcuate vein 2. afferent arteriole 3. efferent arteriole 4. interlobular vein 5. peritubular capillaries Arrange the vessels in the order in which a drop of blood from the interlobular artery passes through them.
a. 1,2,4,5,3 b. 2,3,5,4,1
c. 4,2,5,3,1 d. 5,2,4,1,3
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52. a. increases Na+ absorption b. increases blood volume
FINAL ROUND Question
Prednisone is a steroid that reduces inflammation and is used to treat autoimmune diseases. It has some aldosterone-like effects on the kidney and has this effect on the body:
a. increases Na+ absorption
b. increases blood volume
c. increases blood pressure
d. causes edema
e. all of these
ANSWER
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53. a. increases Na+ absorption b. increases blood volume
FINAL ROUND Answer
Prednisone is a steroid that reduces inflammation and is used to treat autoimmune diseases. It has some aldosterone-like effects on the kidney and has this effect on the body:
a. increases Na+ absorption
b. increases blood volume
c. increases blood pressure
d. causes edema
e. all of these
BACK TO GAME