1. Harmonic Progression and Harmonic Rhythm
Chapter 10

2. Relationship of Chords
Customary chord progressions
Root relationships

3. Circle Progression Descending 5th or ascending 4th
Examples: iii-vi ii-V V-I
Full diatonic circle
I – IV – vii° – iii – vi – ii – V – I
Can be used in small sections as well
Example: I – IV – V – iii – vi – ii – V – I

4. Other Common Progressions
Ascending 5ths and Descending 4ths
Examples: I-V IV-I ii-vi
Used often at beginning of phrase

5. Other Common Progressions
Ascending 2nds
Examples: IV-V V-vi I-ii
Used to transition from one circle to another
Most common: I – IV – V – I

6. Other Common Progressions
Descending 3rds
Examples: I-vi vi-IV IV-ii
Often used in series away from I
I – vi – IV – ii

7. The vii° Triad Dominant function Two pitches in common with V chord
vii°⁶ – I substitute for V – I

8. The 2nd Inversion Tonic Chord
Very unstable
Often seen in cadence
Viewed as decoration of V chord
I⁶₄ - V – I
ii – I⁶₄ - V – I is still circle progression

9. Repeated Chords Repeated chords do not reflect any progression
Example: V – V

10. Harmonic Rhythm Defines the meter of the piece
Sometimes one chord per measure
If there is more than one chord per measure, the chord changes on a strong beat
When one chord extends over several measures, it will change on a downbeat
Some pieces will change chord every beat

11. Harmonizing a Chorale Phrase
Half or authentic cadences only
Use circle progressions, especially at cadences
Harmonize each melody note
Include inversions and non-harmonics
Make the bass line as singable as possible
Don’t overuse as3 and ds2 progressions

12. Harmonizing a Folk Melody
Determine the harmonic rhythm
Identify chord outlines in the melody line
Use circle progressions, especially at cadences
Use some sort of rhythmic pattern to outline the chords