1. Live Sound Training

2. Essential Question: “How do we get the entire audience to hear exactly what we want them to hear?”

3. Live Sound Training 1.Sound Basics/ Components/ Goals 2.Sound Set-up/ Power up/ Tear down 3.Microphones/ Channels/ Mixer Sections 4.House Speakers vs. Monitor Speakers 5.Troubleshooting/ Upkeep/ Q and A

4. Sound Basics/ Components/ Goals Why? Amplification and enrichment of Live Sound, to obtain a Natural and Blended sound Why? Amplification and enrichment of Live Sound, to obtain a Natural and Blended sound What? Mixer, Amp, Speakers, Mics, Cables, Miscellaneous audio devices What? Mixer, Amp, Speakers, Mics, Cables, Miscellaneous audio devices How? Pay attention, Listen closely, and make adjustments accordingly How? Pay attention, Listen closely, and make adjustments accordingly

5. WHY? To be heard in a large space where the natural voice is inadequate To be heard in a large space where the natural voice is inadequate Amplify- to make louder Amplify- to make louder Amplifier Amplifier Enrichment- to make better?????? Enrichment- to make better?????? Effects processors Effects processors EQ’s EQ’s

6. WHAT?- the equipment Mixer- Organize and adjust sound qualities on one or many input devices. Mixer- Organize and adjust sound qualities on one or many input devices. Amp.- already seen Amp.- already seen

7. Microphones- open air input devices. Microphones- open air input devices. WHAT?- the equipment Condenser Studio Mic Condenser Boundary Mic Condenser Hanging Mic Lavaliere/ Lapel/ Body Mic Handheld Mic

8. Speakers- output-listening devices. Speakers- output-listening devices. WHAT?- the equipment

9. Cables- interface (connect) equipment together. Cables- interface (connect) equipment together. WHAT?- the equipment XLR Sound Snake RCA ¼ Inch

10. Audio Input Devices- sound producing devices. Audio Input Devices- sound producing devices. WHAT?- the equipment Vinyl Record Reel to Reel Tape 8-Track Tape Cassette Tape CD Ipod/ MP3 Game System Keyboard/ MIDI Turntable Guitar Mic

11. HOW? Pay Attention, Listen, and make the necessary adjustments. Pay Attention, Listen, and make the necessary adjustments. Volume (ON / OFF) Volume (ON / OFF) EQ EQ Feedback Feedback Effects Effects Pan Pan Gain Gain Etc. Etc.

12. Sound Basics/ Components/ Goals Why? Amplification and enrichment of Live Sound, to obtain a Natural and Blended sound Why? Amplification and enrichment of Live Sound, to obtain a Natural and Blended sound What? Mixer, Amp, Speakers, Mics, Cables, Miscellaneous audio input devices What? Mixer, Amp, Speakers, Mics, Cables, Miscellaneous audio input devices How? Pay attention, Listen closely, and make adjustments accordingly How? Pay attention, Listen closely, and make adjustments accordingly

13. Session Two: Sound set-up/ Power-up/ Tear Down (Strike) Sound set-up/ Power-up/ Tear Down (Strike)

14. Set-up! *Make all connections before adding power *Make all connections before adding power Mics/ inputs Mics/ inputs Amp Amp Speakers Speakers Power cable Power cable Plug in all components to outlets Plug in all components to outlets Power up Power up Turn on the amp(s) last Turn on the amp(s) last Set all levels Set all levels

15. Tear Down (Strike)! In Reverse Order: Power down all equipment Power down all equipment Turn off Amp(s) first Turn off Amp(s) first Unplug all components from outlets Unplug all components from outlets Disconnect all components Disconnect all components Mics/ inputs Mics/ inputs Speakers Speakers Amps Amps Etc. Etc. Put everything away correctly Put everything away correctly Wrap all cables loosely Wrap all cables loosely

16. Set-up/ Strike Make all connections before adding power. Make all connections before adding power. Turn on the amps last. Turn on the amps last. Strike in reverse order. Strike in reverse order. Turn off the amps first. Turn off the amps first. Put everything away neatly and correctly. Put everything away neatly and correctly. Wrap all cables loosely. Wrap all cables loosely.

17. Session Three: Microphones/ Channels/ Sections of the Mixer Microphones/ Channels/ Sections of the Mixer

18. Microphones:

19. Pick-up Patterns: Uni-Directional (Cardioid)- Picks up sound from one direction Uni-Directional (Cardioid)- Picks up sound from one direction Bi-Directional- Picks up from two directions Bi-Directional- Picks up from two directions Omni-Directional-Picks up in all directions Omni-Directional-Picks up in all directions

20. Channels: Input Section (Mic or Line) Input Section (Mic or Line) Gain Gain EQ EQ Hi Hi Mid Mid Lo Lo FX FX Pan Pan Level (volume) Level (volume) Monitor???? Monitor???? Etc. Etc.

21. Sections of the Mixer: Channels- organization and mixing of the input devices. Channels- organization and mixing of the input devices. Master- Control for the whole mixer. Master- Control for the whole mixer. Outputs- Interface out to the speakers/ monitors/ amps/ etc.. Outputs- Interface out to the speakers/ monitors/ amps/ etc..

22. Session Four: House Speakers vs. Monitor Speakers House Speakers vs. Monitor Speakers

23. House Speakers: For the Audience (MAINS) For the Audience (MAINS) Larger the audience, larger the size and number of speakers. Larger the audience, larger the size and number of speakers.

24. Monitor Speakers: For the Performers For the Performers Monitors/Aux/FX/Subs Monitors/Aux/FX/Subs Preference/ $$$ Preference/ $$$ Floor Monitors Floor Monitors Personal stand monitors Personal stand monitors P.E.M.s – Personal Ear Monitors P.E.M.s – Personal Ear Monitors

33. Session Five: Troubleshooting/ Upkeep/ Q&A Troubleshooting/ Upkeep/ Q&A

34. Troubleshooting: Locating the source of an equipment problem Locating the source of an equipment problem Start with the simple things: Start with the simple things: Is it plugged in? Is it plugged in? Is the power on? Is the power on? Mute switches on? Mute switches on? Is it all connected properly? Is it all connected properly? Is there a short in the cable? Continuity Is there a short in the cable? Continuity Is my equipment broken? Is my equipment broken?

35. Up Keep: Store in a dry, dust-free environment Store in a dry, dust-free environment Keep covered, or in storage cases Keep covered, or in storage cases Wrap all cables loosely, yet neatly Wrap all cables loosely, yet neatly