1. Mrs. Spencer Language Arts
Poetry
Mrs. Spencer
Language Arts

2. Elements of Poetry Poetry is the most musical of literary forms
Speaker- character who tells the poem
Imagery- writing that appeals to one or more of the five senses

3. Elements of Poetry- Figurative Language
Metaphors- describe one thing as if it were something else.
Her eyes were saucers, wide with expectations.
Personification- gives human qualities to something nonhuman.
The clarinet sang.
Similes- use like or as to compare two unlike things.
The icy water was like stinging bees.

4. Elements of Poetry- Sound Devices (add a music quality)
Alliteration- repetition of consonant sounds at the beginning of words.
Feathered friends
Repetition- repeated use of a sound, word, or phrase.
Assonance- repetition of vowel sounds in stressed syllable that end with different consonant sounds.
Fade and hay
Consonance- repetition of final consonant sounds in stressed syllables with different vowel sounds.
End and hand
Onomatopoeia- use of words that imitate sound.
Pow!
Rhyme- repetition of sounds at the end of a word.
Thin skin
Rhythm- pattern of strong/weak beats and pauses.

5. Structure of a Poem
Lines- help poets add natural pauses by breaking up a poem into many parts. A capital letter is at the beginning of a line.
Stanza- arrangement of groups of lines to create an appearance on the page or to organize thoughts. There is a blank line between stanzas.
Meter- rhythmical pattern (the arrangement and number of stressed and unstressed syllables).
Rhyme scheme- pattern of rhyme in a poem. It is written in letters; aabb is a stanza whose first 2 and last 2 lines rhyme.
End rhyme- occurs when the end of lines share the same sound.
Internal rhyme- a rhyme occurs within a single line.
Rhyming couplets- a pair of rhyming lines that usually have the same meter and length.

6. Types of Poems
Lyric/ballad- a songlike narrative poem, usually featuring rhyme, rhythm, and refrain
Sonnets-14 line poems with a formal tone that follow a specific rhyme scheme and stanzas (Pertrarchan - abbaabbacdecde with 2 stanzas or Shakespearean – ababcdcdefefgg with 4 stanzas)
Odes- formal tone, written for the single purpose of celebrating something
Elegies- formal poems that reflect on death or serious themes

7. Types of Poems
Narrative- tells a story. Has elements of short stories like setting, plot, and characters.
Epics- a long narrative poem that tells an exciting or inspiring story about a hero and muse.
Free verse-no strict structure. No regular meter, rhyme, line length, or stanza.
Limerick- humorous 5 line poem with a specific rhythmic pattern and an aabba rhyme scheme.
Concrete- the words are arranged on the page to form a shape that suggests the topic of the poem. It is lighthearted with a loose structure.
Haiku- a 17 syllable poem (the first line has 5 syllables, the second has 7, and the third has 5). It is delicate, unrhymed, about nature, and Japanese.