1. T HE P ROTESTANT R EFORMATION Catholic vs. Protestant

2. SWBAT list the causes of the reformation define the Reformation Explain the reasons why Europeans were becoming dissatisfied with the practices of the Church. Understand the ideas of Luther by exploring his “Ninety-Five Theses”

3. M ONDAY O CTOBER 1, 2012 Have HW on your desk Do Now: sit with assigned groups and discuss homework questions. THEN be able to answer the following: 1. People of Europe, especially in the North, felt that the church was corrupted and needed a reform. Before the actual separation from the church, what were some people doing to take the issue into their own hands? 1. What was the Great Schism? Did this make the idea of reforming the church more or less imperative to the people? 2. Why is Martin Luther an important character in the Protestant Reformation? 3. How do the ideas of the Renaissance directly influence the ideas of the Reformation?

4. T UESDAY, O CTOBER 2, 2012 Have homework out on your desk! Do Now:

5. W HAT IS THE R EFORMATION ? attempt to REFORM the Catholic Church Goal: to get rid of the corruption & restore people’s faith in the church Result: established their own religions The Reformation cause a split in Christianity formation of new Protest ant religions

6. Christianity Broke into 2 major religions Christianity Broke into 2 major religions Catholic Protestant

7. C AUSES : #1: A VIGNON P APACY Started as a fight between King of France (Phillip IV) and Pope (Boniface VIII) over taxes. Phillip arrests Boniface who dies shortly thereafter Phillip arranged for the election of Clement V (French) placed in him Avignon. Allows for French influence over the Papacy Avignon papacy last from 1309-1378

8. C AUSES : #2: T HE G REAT S CHISM 1377 Pope Gregory XI returns to Vatican to try to restore peace. Dies later that year A group of Cardinals choose new Pope Urban VI Picked for faithfulness to Avignon Papacy BUT Urban shuns Avignon Cardinals see him as unfit & select a new Pope Clement VII (Medici), sets up shop in Avignon Urban still in Vatican PROBLEM = 2 POPES!

10. ONE CHURCH, TWO POPES Divided Popes look to create alliances. Becomes political Avignon Pope: supported by France, Castile, Scotland Roman Pope: supported by Holy Roman Empire, England, Portugal and most of the Italian States RELIGION IS NOW DIVIDED & FIGHTHING FOR POWER

11. Indulgences: raise $$ to build St. Peter’s (Rome) = “passes” to heaven. Printing Press : literacy & individual interpretation of Bible Simony: auction off Church offices to raise $$ Pluralism/Absenteeism: A result of simony  many church officials not in church Sunday morning - they hold more than once office Indulgences: raise $$ to build St. Peter’s (Rome) = “passes” to heaven. Printing Press : literacy & individual interpretation of Bible Simony: auction off Church offices to raise $$ Pluralism/Absenteeism: A result of simony  many church officials not in church Sunday morning - they hold more than once office

12. R EFORMATION Christians impatient with the Church’s corruption During the Renaissance: Popes lived a lavish lifestyle Church = patrons of the arts ($$) To pay, the Church increased religious services Marriages, baptisms Promoted the sale of indulgences What are indulgences? Pardon for sins committed during a person’s lifetime. People would pay $$ or goods for forgiveness

13. T HE M AIN P LAYERS : R EFORMATION 1. Martin Luther 2. John Calvin 3. King Henry VIII of England

14. M ARTIN L UTHER Martin Luther - 1483-1546 - German Priest & theology professor - Confronted idea of indulgences & Tetzel Tetzel - Dominican Friar, - sold indulgences around Wittenberg, Germany - To pay for new St. Peter’s Basilica in Rome Luther’s Reaction: - Published “the Ninety-Five Theses” October 31, 1517 - Posted it on a German Church’s door

15. L UTHER ’ S 95 T HESES 95 Complaints He criticized: The power of the pope The extreme wealth of the church Indulgences (Catholic concept of salvation) Printing press made it possible to spread his beliefs Originally written in Latin Translated to German (commoners could understand)

16. H OMEWORK Martin Luther Packet Periods 3 & 7: Due Tomorrow 10/2 Period 4: Due Wednesday 10/3 Protestant Reformation QUIZ: Thursday 10/4

17. HOMEWORK Study for Quiz Protestant Reformation QUIZ: Thursday 10/4