1. Conquest in the Americas

2. EXTRA CREDIT Watch President Obama’s State of the Union Address tonight. Write a one page paper about what President Obama speaks about. Should include at least 5 topics/plans he brings up whether you agree or disagree and why. Due tomorrow Worth 5 points on a major grade.

3. Warm-Up Who is the most important explorer we discussed yesterday? Why?

4. The Conquistadors Conquistador=conqueror Hernan Cortes- Landed on the coast of Mexico Aztec Emperor Moctezuma thought Cortes could be a god- given gifts & welcomed to Tenochtitlan Aztecs drove Spaniards from the city, Moctezuma killed in fighting Cortes returned & demolished Tenochtitlan & Aztec Empire What city does Tenochtitlan later become?

5. Conquistadors Francisco Pizarro Captured Incan leader & killed thousands of his followers Spanish overran Incas Spain took over much of South America- added to its growing empire

6. Reasons for Victory How did a few hundred Spaniards conquer huge Native American empires? Superior military technology Division & discontent among the Native Americans Disease

7. Spanish colonies Spain determined to maintain strict control over its empire The Catholic Church-worked to convert Native Americans to Christianity Built mission churches Worked to turn new converts into loyal subjects of Catholic King of Spain Introduced European clothing, Spanish language & new crafts

8. Bartolome de las Casas Condemned evils of Spanish rule Enslavement of Native Americans Caused New Laws of the Indies to be passed to end abuses of Native Americans He urged importation of workers from Africa- immune to tropical diseases, skilled workers in farming, mining, and metalworking Furthered brutal African slave trade

9. Colonial Society & Structure Blending of Native American, African & European peoples gave rise to a new American culture in Spanish America Spanish settlers preferred to live in towns & cities Mexico City was the largest Spanish speaking city in the world by 1550 Spanish culture dominant Native American style of building, food, arts African farming methods, cooking styles & crops

10. Portuguese Colony in Brazil Portugal claimed Brazil Forced Native Americans and Africans to clear land for sugar plantations New blended culture also emerged French, Dutch & English begin to challenge Spanish & Portuguese power

11. Vocabulary Vocabulary: For the following vocabulary words, give the a) Definition in your own words. Do NOT copy definition from back of book b) Significance (Why is this important?) c) illustration 1. Conquistador 2. Immunity 3. Viceroy 4. Plantation 5. Encomienda 6. Peon 7. Peninsular 8. Creole 9. Mestizo 10. Mulatto 11. Privateer 12. Missionary 13. Revenue 14. Compact 15. Triangular Trade