1. Graduate Students 2011 Fall Orientation Academic Integrity & You Danielle C. Istl, LL.M. Academic Integrity Officer 201 Assumption University Bldg. istld@uwindsor.caistld@uwindsor.ca, Ext. 3929 istld@uwindsor.cawww.uwindsor.ca/aio

2. Overview Quizzes Quizzes “Quality is never an accident.” “Quality is never an accident.” Graduate Studies Plagiarism Policy Graduate Studies Plagiarism Policy Using sources properly Using sources properly Turnitin.com & WriteCheck.com Turnitin.com & WriteCheck.com Grad Studies: real UW cases Grad Studies: real UW cases Research Integrity Research Integrity

3. “Quality is never an accident; it is always the result of high intention, sincere effort, intelligent direction and skillful execution; it represents the wise choice of many alternatives.” William A. Foster WWII United States Marine Recipient of Medal of Honor

4. “QUALITY IS NEVER AN ACCIDENT.” From an academic integrity perspective, quality involves: > Research integrity > Writing integrity > Citation integrity

5. High Intention Strive for the highest standards. Conduct all your research with integrity. Ensure your writing is free of plagiarism. Behave professionally at all times. Do not cut corners.

6. Reproduced with permission

7. Sincere Effort Assume responsibility for proper research, writing, and citation protocol. Do not settle for “just getting by.”

8. Intelligent Direction Be comprehensive in your research. Keep appointments with your supervisor. Learn from constructive criticism.

9. Skillful Execution Borrowed information must be acknowledged. Drafts must meet the same high standards as final submissions. Pay attention to detail.

10. The Alternatives Getting caught with your hands in the cookie jar Stealing an author’s work, ideas, data, research Being a “partner in crime” Unauthorized collaboration

11. Having your work taken with or without your knowledge Sharing information improperly take-home exams individual reports

12. Relevant Bylaws and Policies Bylaw 31: Student Affairs and Integrity Bylaw 31: Student Affairs and Integrity Policy S6: Student Code of Conduct Policy S6: Student Code of Conduct Policy T1: Policy on the Use of Turnitin.com Policy T1: Policy on the Use of Turnitin.com Policy E3: Rules for Conduct of Examinations Policy E3: Rules for Conduct of Examinations

13. Senate Policy P5: GS Policy on Authorship and Plagiarism HIGHLIGHTS Evaluated/graded on individual merit Work submitted at any stage must include honest academic citation practices Includes oral presentations Reckless use of another’s work = Plagiarism Normally no option for resubmission

14. Plagiarism Defined “the act of copying, reproducing, or paraphrasing portions of someone else’s published or unpublished material (from any source, including the internet) without proper acknowledgement” “the act of copying, reproducing, or paraphrasing portions of someone else’s published or unpublished material (from any source, including the internet) without proper acknowledgement”

15. Per the Student Code & Policy P5: applies to “all intellectual endeavours: creation and presentation of music, drawings, designs, dance, photography, and other artistic and technical works.” applies to “all intellectual endeavours: creation and presentation of music, drawings, designs, dance, photography, and other artistic and technical works.”

16. Why Do People Plagiarize? Lack of knowledge about what constitutes plagiarism Lack of knowledge about what constitutes plagiarism Time issues Time issues Poor research, writing, citation, or organizational skills Poor research, writing, citation, or organizational skills

17. Applying What You Know Citation Quiz Using Sources Quiz How did you do?

18. What he said or wrote that you write word-for-word: QUOTATION MARKS AND A CITATION What he said or wrote that you put in your own words (paraphrasing): CITATION An idea of his that you use: CITATION Any work of his that you refer to: CITATION When his work has been critical in developing your own ideas: CITATION Source: Turnitin.com Research Resources, 2004

19. Copyright 2001 by Pyrczak Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission.

20. Citation is generally not required when... expressing common knowledge expressing common knowledge expressing your own thoughts and ideas in your own words expressing your own thoughts and ideas in your own words analyzing or synthesizing the material you have researched analyzing or synthesizing the material you have researched drawing your own conclusions drawing your own conclusions

21. Common Knowledge? The three laws of motion are attributable to the famous scientist, Isaac Newton. The three laws of motion are attributable to the famous scientist, Isaac Newton. Canada is comprised of ten provinces and three territories. Canada is comprised of ten provinces and three territories. The smartest students at the University are the graduate students who attended this orientation. The smartest students at the University are the graduate students who attended this orientation.

22. Common knowledge depends on... Your reader / audience Your geographic location Your level of study or proficiency in the field Whether the information is easily found in a number of sources

23. Examples of common knowledge* What an educated person would be expected to know What an educated person would be expected to know Easily observable information Easily observable information Commonly reported facts Commonly reported facts Common sayings Common sayings * R. A. Harris (2001). The Plagiarism Handbook. at 154. * R. A. Harris (2001). The Plagiarism Handbook. Los Angeles: Pyrczak Publishing, at 154.

24. Copyright 2001 by Pyrczak Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission.

25. How might citation vary ? If writing a paper as a first-year student? If writing a paper as a first-year student? If writing a thesis as a graduate student? If writing a thesis as a graduate student? If writing for industry? If writing for industry? If conducting a presentation? If conducting a presentation?

26. Copyright 2001 by Pyrczak Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission.

27. Turnitin / Writecheck What are they? Developed by iParadigms (California) Developed by iParadigms (California) Online plagiarism prevention/detection service Online plagiarism prevention/detection service Turnitin.com (for professors) Turnitin.com (for professors) Turnitin.com Turnitin Research Resources for students Turnitin Research Resources for students Tips, guidelines, FAQs Tips, guidelines, FAQs WriteCheck (for students) WriteCheck (for students) WriteCheck

28. How do they work? Your paper Internet and archived internet Major newspapers, magazines, and scholarly journals; thousands of books Other students’ papers Your paper is submitted electronically and processed through three databases.

29. Diagram from www.Turnitin.com An “originality report” is generated identifying text matches. An “originality report” is generated identifying text matches. The report must then be reviewed and evaluated. The report must then be reviewed and evaluated.

31. Plagiarism prevention : You receive originality report to ensure paper is plagiarism- free. You receive originality report to ensure paper is plagiarism- free. Can re-submit after correcting citation errors. Can re-submit after correcting citation errors. * Graphic trademark of * Graphic trademark of Turnitin downloaded from www.turnitin.com. Turnitin downloaded from www.turnitin.com. Plagiarism detection : Professor receives originality report and evaluates the paper for any plagiarism.

32. How Does Using Turnitin or WriteCheck Help You? Encourages proper citation and referencing. Encourages proper citation and referencing. Alerts you to inadvertent plagiarism. Alerts you to inadvertent plagiarism. Identifies “paraphrased” passages that are too close to the original source. Identifies “paraphrased” passages that are too close to the original source. Protects you from theft of your work. Protects you from theft of your work. Evens the playing field. Evens the playing field. Helps safeguard your academic integrity. Helps safeguard your academic integrity.

33. Graduate Studies: Real Cases

34. Copyright 2001 by Pyrczak Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission. Plagiarism in Master’s thesis Plagiarism in Doctoral work

35. Copyright 2001 by Pyrczak Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission. Submitting the work of another student who submitted it previously

36. Copyright 2001 by Pyrczak Publishing. All rights reserved. Reproduced with permission. Unauthorized collaboration in an assignment, major project, or take-home exam

37. OTHER CASES: Plagiarism in PPT presentation Falsification of records in thesis research Copying a Literature Review

38. Results in all cases: SUSPENSION

39. The Bad News: When an offence occurs 4.The AIO reviews the file and makes one of four decisions about resolution: informal / formal 3.The student meets with the Associate Dean, who usually forwards the file to the AIO. 2. The matter is referred to the Associate Dean via the Senate Office 1.The professor must report the alleged offence. and assign an Incomplete.

40. Scientific Research Misconduct * 274 misconduct complaints filed with the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services - Federal Office of Research Integrity- in 2004 274 misconduct complaints filed with the U.S. Dept. of Health and Human Services - Federal Office of Research Integrity- in 2004 185 cases of (known) scientific research misconduct in the last 15 years 185 cases of (known) scientific research misconduct in the last 15 years * Martha Mendoza, Associated Press, as reproduced in the Integrity Update newsletter of the Center for Academic Integrity, Sept. 2005. * Martha Mendoza, Associated Press, as reproduced in the Integrity Update newsletter of the Center for Academic Integrity, Sept. 2005.

41. Research Integrity U.S. – Office of Research Integrity U.S. – Office of Research Integrity http://ori.hhs.gov/ http://ori.hhs.gov/ http://ori.hhs.gov/ Offers guidance Offers guidance E.g. for ethical writing / avoiding plagiarism E.g. for ethical writing / avoiding plagiarism Interactive movie on Avoiding Research Misconduct (home page) Interactive movie on Avoiding Research Misconduct (home page) Interactive movie Interactive movie Processes complaints / publishes names Processes complaints / publishes names

43. Canada – Council of Canadian Academics Canada – Council of Canadian Academics Report: “Fostering Research Integrity in Canada” Report: “Fostering Research Integrity in Canada” See highlights See highlights Proposing a “Canadian Council for Research Integrity” Proposing a “Canadian Council for Research Integrity” Advisory / educational role Advisory / educational role Focus on promotion and prevention Focus on promotion and prevention

44. DO THE RIGHT THING! Any dishonesty can seriously jeopardize your reputation, academic career, study permit renewal, eligibility for a work permit, or your future career. Your integrity is worth preserving.

45. To learn more... Talk to your professors. Talk to your professors. Seek online sources: Seek online sources: Office of Research Integrity – U.S. Office of Research Integrity – U.S. Council of Canadian Academics Council of Canadian Academics Google “plagiarism prevention” Google “plagiarism prevention” Seek citation help: Leddy Library Seek citation help: Leddy Library Visit www.uwindsor.ca/aio Visit www.uwindsor.ca/aiowww.uwindsor.ca/aio