1. Sponges Cnidarians Comb Jellies

2. Jelly Fish and sponges are animals?
Sponges were thought to be _______ because they_______ ___________________ Jellyfish were classified as the simplest animals,__________ _________________. What classifies an animal? 2

3. The ___________classifies an organism

5. Unique Features of Sponges Phylum Porifera
Based on the previous video why
Do sponges need light?________
___________
No Movement (________)
No Tissue
No organs 5

6. What do sponges have?
Body is made of special cells that act like organs; _________________
____________________
________________ “Mouth”
________________: Collar cells: “heart” _____________: “Stomach”
_______________: “skeleton”

8. Examples of Sponges 10,000 species
Glass sponges
Bath Sponge
Calcium Carbonate Sponge
Sponges are classified
Based on spicules “_________”
__________________.
Ex: Silica, spongin, calcium carbonate
    8

9. Feeding and Digestion Suspension feeders (_________________)
___________________unicellular algae, bits of organic matter (detritus)
Size matters
_____________--pinacocytes and archaeocytes
______________--choanocytes
______________do most of the digestion and storage of food
Wastes leave via _________ 9

10. Reproduction ______________________________________________
_______________ (Can grow back)
Sexual reproduction
Sperm enter though the ostia, choanocytes carry them to the egg.
Larvae usually develop in the adult then exit through osculum,. 10

11. _______________of Sponges
Filter feeders: Filter out the water
Sponges are eaten ______________________
sponge crabs place a sponges on their back
to camouflage with their environment
- ______________________for animals

12. Human Importance of Sponges
_________________: provides jobs and drives economy in towns that collect them

13. hydra, stinging jellyfish, coral, anemones
Phylum Cnidaria
hydra, stinging jellyfish, coral, anemones

14. General Characteristics of Cnidarians: Jellyfish
________________
_______________________
_________________________ define this group
nematocytes: stinging cells

15. Cnidarians
Have __________________
_________ or _____ body plans

16. Cnidarian Structure _______________2 tissue layers (_____________)
_________________
_______________2 tissue layers (_____________)
Epidermis
Endoderm (gastric)
Mesoglea (jelly) between the two tissue layers. _________________
__________________

17. Reproduction in Cnidarians
____________________________
_____________________:
Turritopsis nutricula after the
Medusa stage it goes back to the polyp and then
Medusa then polyp “forever”

18. Feeding and Digestion Tentacles with_____________ ____________________
suspension feeders, plankton
jellyfish are carnivorous-hunt vertebrates and invertebrates
Tentacles then _____________
________________________
Enzymes digest, cells absorb
__________________________
Blue=anemone mouth
red= fish flesh
Jellyfish catching fish
Anemone eating mussel

19. Cnidaria have:
Cnidocytes, stinging cells that capture prey

20. Nervous System ________________ Respond to stimuli from all directions
Nerve net controls responses and movement

21. Phylum Cnidarians: Include Classes
Scyphozoa: Jellyfish
Cubuzoa: Box Jellyfish
Hydrozoa: Hydroids
Anthozoa: Corals, Sea Anemones

22. Class Scyphozoa: Jelllyfish
______________________, over 280 species:
1. Crown Jellyfish
2. Sea Nettles
3. Blubber Jellyfish

23. Class Scyphozoa (jellyfish)
_________ = primary stage
______________________Domed Shape
most are small _________
_____________________
largest reach 70+ meters
And 450 pounds

24. Class: Cubuzoa Not True Jellyfish different then scyphozoans
Called______________
__________shaped not umbrella shaped like scyphozoans.
This shape makes them ____________
_______________________
Much ____________in Nematocysts
More developed nervous system
Box Jelly
True Jellyfish

25. Long Island Scyphozoa
Lions mane can get up to 8 feet, normally 12 inches as seen
In the picture to the right
Moon
Jellyfish inches
There sting does not hurt people
For Jellyfish
Sting use vinegar
To neutralize the
Venom:

26. Jellyfish as Food?

27. Scyphozoa: Hydrozoa ________________________________
feeding polyps
reproductive polyps
__________________________. Instead, the colony is suspended from a gas sac. Usually found in tropical waters but can be pushed by currents as far North to Canadian waters
man o war

28. Anthozoa (sea anemones, coral, gorgonians)
_________________, most are sessile, never in the medusa stage
Most Anthozoans _______________and therefore require light to live.
___________
________________
__________________

29. Anthozoa: Corals _________________
Soft Coral/non building reef corals
_________________
________________Reef Builders and non reef builders
__________are called ________ corals or Hard Corals
____________are called ___________ corals or soft Corals
Hard Coral/ reef building corals

30. Anthozoa: Hermatypic Corals
They obtain part of their energy from_____________
____________________________________________.
They secrete calcium carbonate to form a __________
________.

31. Hermatypic Corals Create Reefs called the Rainforest of the sea
_______________________
___________ ocean contains coral reefs
Reefs worldwide provide economic services worth $375 billion per year.

32. ___________________________ ________________________
At the current rate of coral bleaching due to warmer sea temperatures, All coral reef ecosystems will be gone in years.
Healthy Bleached

33. Phylum Ctenophora
Comb Jellies

34. Comb Jellies Resemble jellyfish,
Comb plates (rows of cilia) run along exterior and propel the animal
Most do not have cnidocytes
Secrete sticky substance to bind prey or net-like tentacles

35. Bioluminescence to attract prey, mates, or perhaps to deter predators
Usually found in deep waters