1. Landforms
By: Miss Scheftic

3. Mountains
Definition: landforms that rise above the surrounding terrain
Generally higher than 600 meters
3 parts:
Summit
Slope
Base
They exist on every continent in the world

5. Plateau
Definition: large flat area of land that rises thousands of feet in the air
They are sometimes surrounded by mountains
The flat part can spread for hundreds or thousands of kilometers
They form when mountains are worn down or when a large flat portion of the earth is pushed up
They cover 45% of the earth’s land surface

8. Valley Definition: a low area of land between hills or mountains
Usually have a river or stream flowing through it
2 different shapes/kinds of valleys
V shaped: caused by erosion and rivers
U shaped: formed by glaciers moving
Most valleys are usually U-shaped

10. Savanna (plain)
Definition: rolling grassland scattered with shrubs and a few trees
Have only 2 seasons:
A very long dry winter
A very wet summer
They can be found in:
Africa
South America
Northern Australia
Source:

12. Delta Located at the mouth of a river
It forms when mud, silt, sand and gravel settle to the bottom of a river at its mouth
Usually occurs when the river enters a large body of calm water
They exist all over the world except at the poles

14. River Definition: body of fresh water moving over the earth
Bigger than streams
Can be both natural and man-made
Rivers empty into larger bodies of water
They flow from a higher elevation to a lower elevation

16. Lakes Definition: bodies of freshwater surrounded by land
Range in size from less than one acre to several thousand acres
Usually fed by rivers

18. Peninsula
Definition: elongated shape of land that projects out into a body of water
Almost completely surrounded by water
Can be found all over the world:
Florida
Mexico’s Baja peninsula
Peloponnesian peninsula
Arabian peninsula

20. Island Definition: a piece of land surrounded by the sea on all sides
2 different kinds of islands
Continental: have the same plants and animals as the continent near it
Oceanic: have completely different plants and animals
Some are volcanoes that have built up under the ocean

22. Bay Definition: a body of water partially surrounded by land
Connects to the sea
Smaller than a gulf
Some examples include:
San Francisco bay
Hudson Bay
Chesapeake Bay

24. Wetlands (swamps)
Definition: areas where water covers the soil, or is at or near the surface of the soil all year
Found on every continent except for Antarctica
Contains water that is static or flowing, fresh, brackish or salt
Several different kinds:
Tidal or coastal: found along the Atlantic, Pacific, Alaskan, and Gulf coasts
Non-tidal or inland: most common on floodplains along rivers and streams

26. Highlands Definition: a hilly or mountainous high area of a country
The most famous ones are the Scottish Highlands

28. Basin
An area of land where surface water from rain, melting snow, or ice meet at a single point
Then the water joins another body like a river, lake, reservoir, wetland, sea, or ocean

30. Mouth of the River
Definition: the opening of a river where the water flows into another body of water
Where the delta is formed

32. River Source Definition: the original point from which the river flows
Or the place where the river begins
Can be a lake, a marsh, a spring, or a glacier