1. Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
From Myers,
Psychology 8e
Worth Publishers

2. Chapter 4: The Developing Person
Rock-n-Roll
Babes in Toyland
So Mature
Early Beginnings
Across the Lifespan

3. Early Beginnings
500
400
300
200
100

4. Babes in Toyland
500
400
300
200
100

5. Rock-n-Roll
500
400
300
200
100

6. So Mature
500
400
300
200
100

7. Across the Lifespan
500
400
300
200
100

8. 1. A teratogen is a(n):
A) fertilized egg that undergoes rapid cell division.
B) unborn child with one or more physical defects or abnormalities.
C) chromosomal abnormality.
D) substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child.

9. 2. The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth is known as a(n):
A) embryo.
B) fetus.
C) zygote.
D) neonate.

10. 3. Newborn infants typically prefer their mother’s voice over their father’s voice because:
A) their rooting reflex is naturally triggered by higher-pitched sounds.
B) they rapidly habituate to lower-pitched male voices.
C) they become familiar with their mother’s voice before they are born.
D) they form an emotional attachment to their mother during breast-feeding.

11. 4. Research on the perceptual abilities of newborns indicates that they:
A) see nothing for the first 12 hours.
B) see only differences in brightness.
C) recognize the outlines of objects but none of the details.
D) look more at a human face than at a bull’s-eye pattern.

12. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson can’t wait to begin toilet training their year-old daughter. They need to be informed of the importance of:
A) imprinting.
B) habituation.
C) maturation.
D) object permanence.

13. 6. According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to:
A) a sensorimotor need for self-stimulation.
B) young children’s exaggerated interest in their own pleasure.
C) the inability to perceive things from another person’s point of view.
D) the inability to realize that things continue to exist even when they are not visible.

14. 7. Lisa attempts to retrieve her bottle after her father hides it under a blanket. This suggests that Lisa has developed a sense of:
A) egocentrism.
B) object permanence.
C) conservation.
D) accommodation.

15. 8. Erik Erikson suggested that children with a secure attachment to their parents are especially likely to experience:
A) basic trust.
B) egocentrism.
C) stranger anxiety.
D) object permanence.

16. 9. Self-esteem in children is most positively correlated with ______ parenting.
A) permissive
B) authoritative
C) conservative
D) authoritarian

17. A) egocentrism. B) object permanence. C) accommodation.
10. Five-year-old Tammy mistakenly believes that her short, wide glass contains less soda than her brother’s tall, narrow glass even though they actually contain equal amounts. Tammy lacks the concept of:
A) egocentrism.
B) object permanence.
C) accommodation.
D) conservation.

18. 11. The term puberty refers to the period of:
A) formal operations and the development of conventional morality.
B) late adolescence when self-identity is formed.
C) surging physical growth and the onset of reproductive capability.
D) sexual attraction to the opposite-sex parent.

19. 12. The deepened male voice and facial hair on the male are called:
A) masculine prototypes.
B) secondary sex characteristics.
C) primary sex characteristics.
D) teratogens.

20. 13. Who is likely to be the most popular student in the fifth-grade class?
A) Helmut, who is the tallest boy in the class.
B) Jeff, who is the statistician for the basketball team.
C) Hara, who is below average in height and physical maturity.
D) Sally, who is the most sexually mature girl in the class.

21. 14. According to Kohlberg, morality based on a desire to uphold the laws of society is characteristic of the ____ stage.
A) preconventional
B) preoperational
C) conventional
D) postconventional

22. A) individualism. B) utilitarianism. C) communism. D) social harmony.
15. A postconventional level of morality is most likely to be found in cultures that value:
A) individualism.
B) utilitarianism.
C) communism.
D) social harmony.

23. 16. An irreversible brain disorder marked by a deterioration of reasoning and memory is called:
A) Parkinson’s disease.
B) arteriosclerosis.
C) psychogenic amnesia.
D) Alzheimer’s disease.

24. 17. The term social clock refers to:
A) the culturally preferred timing for when one should leave home, marry, have children, and retire.
B) the pace of life in a culture as assessed by its level of industrialization.
C) the average age of people in different social groups and organizations.
D) the different ways in which societies evaluate the physical and cognitive changes accompanying the aging process.

25. 18. Erik Erikson maintained that the two basic aspects of life that dominate adulthood are:
A) identity and independence.
B) intimacy and identity.
C) intimacy and generativity.
D) independence and generativity.

26. 19. Research suggests that during early and middle adulthood, crystallized intelligence ___ and fluid intelligence ___.
A) decreases; increases
B) increases; decreases
C) increases; increases
D) decreases; decreases

27. 20. On which of the following tasks are 55-year-old adults most likely to perform just as effectively as they could 30 years earlier?
A) writing a story.
B) solving an abstract geometry problem.
C) recalling previously presented nonsense syllables.
D) repeating numbers in the opposite order they were presented.

28. 21. In a study of 3000 midlife adults, most postmenopausal women recalled feelings of ____ with the onset of menopause.
A) regret
B) panic
C) relief
D) pain

29. 22. The best basis for predicting whether a high school student will smoke marijuana would be the:
A) attitude of the student’s parents toward marijuana.
B) student’s attitudes toward his or her parents.
C) extent to which the student has attained a postconventional level of morality.
D) number of the student’s friends who smoke marijuana.

30. 23. Researchers have sneakily dabbed rouge on young children’s noses in order to study the developmental beginnings of:
A) egocentrism.
B) object permanence.
C) habituation.
D) self-awareness.

31. 24. During the grieving period following the death of one’s spouse:
A) the expression of intense grief contributes to a more rapid recovery from sadness.
B) those who talk frequently with others are unusually likely to prolong their own feelings of depression.
C) grieving men are at greater risk for ill health than are grieving women.
D) both men and women go through predictable stages of denial followed by anger.

32. 25. Tommy disapproves of stealing candy from his sister because he thinks his mother will spank him if he does. Henry best represents a(n) _____ morality.
A) preconventional
B) preoperational
C) conventional
D) postconventional

33. Congratulations!

34. Answers
Stop here, or continue as a review

35. 1. A teratogen is a(n):
A) fertilized egg that undergoes rapid cell division.
B) unborn child with one or more physical defects or abnormalities.
C) chromosomal abnormality.
D) substance that can cross the placental barrier and harm an unborn child.
141

36. 2. The developing human organism from 9 weeks after conception to birth is known as a(n):
A) embryo.
B) fetus.
C) zygote.
D) neonate.
141

37. B) they rapidly habituate to lower-pitched male voices.
3. Newborn infants typically prefer their mother’s voice over their father’s voice because:
A) their rooting reflex is naturally triggered by higher-pitched sounds.
B) they rapidly habituate to lower-pitched male voices.
C) they become familiar with their mother’s voice before they are born.
D) they form an emotional attachment to their mother during breast-feeding.
143

38. 4. Research on the perceptual abilities of newborns indicates that they:
A) see nothing for the first 12 hours.
B) see only differences in brightness.
C) recognize the outlines of objects but none of the details.
D) look more at a human face than at a bull’s-eye pattern.
146

39. Mr. and Mrs. Johnson can’t wait to begin toilet training their year-old daughter. They need to be informed of the importance of:
A) imprinting.
B) habituation.
C) maturation.
D) object permanence.
145

40. 6. According to Piaget, egocentrism refers to:
A) a sensorimotor need for self-stimulation.
B) young children’s exaggerated interest in their own pleasure.
C) the inability to perceive things from another person’s point of view.
D) the inability to realize that things continue to exist even when they are not visible.
150

41. 7. Lisa attempts to retrieve her bottle after her father hides it under a blanket. This suggests that Lisa has developed a sense of:
A) egocentrism.
B) object permanence.
C) conservation.
D) accommodation.
149

42. 8. Erik Erikson suggested that children with a secure attachment to their parents are especially likely to experience:
A) basic trust.
B) egocentrism.
C) stranger anxiety.
D) object permanence.
155

43. 9. Self-esteem in children is most positively correlated with ______ parenting.
A) permissive
B) authoritative
C) conservative
D) authoritarian
162

44. 10. Five-year-old Tammy mistakenly believes that her short, wide glass contains less soda than her brother’s tall, narrow glass even though they actually contain equal amounts. Tammy lacks the concept of:
A) egocentrism.
B) object permanence.
C) accommodation.
D) conservation.
150

45. 11. The term puberty refers to the period of:
A) formal operations and the development of conventional morality.
B) late adolescence when self-identity is formed.
C) surging physical growth and the onset of reproductive capability.
D) sexual attraction to the opposite- sex parent.
165

46. 12. The deepened male voice and facial hair on the male are called:
A) masculine prototypes.
B) secondary sex characteristics.
C) primary sex characteristics.
D) teratogens.
165

47. 13. Who is likely to be the most popular student in the fifth-grade class?
A) Helmut, who is the tallest boy in the class.
B) Jeff, who is the statistician for the basketball team.
C) Hara, who is below average in height and physical maturity.
D) Sally, who is the most sexually mature girl in the class.
166

48. 14. According to Kohlberg, morality based on a desire to uphold the laws of society is characteristic of the ____ stage.
A) preconventional
B) preoperational
C) conventional
D) postconventional
168

49. 15. A postconventional level of morality is most likely to be found in cultures that value:
A) individualism.
B) utilitarianism.
C) communism.
D) social harmony.
168

50. A) Parkinson’s disease. B) arteriosclerosis. C) psychogenic amnesia.
16. An irreversible brain disorder marked by a deterioration of reasoning and memory is called:
A) Parkinson’s disease.
B) arteriosclerosis.
C) psychogenic amnesia.
D) Alzheimer’s disease.
180

51. 17. The term social clock refers to:
A) the culturally preferred timing for when one should leave home, marry, have children, and retire.
B) the pace of life in a culture as assessed by its level of industrialization.
C) the average age of people in different social groups and organizations.
D) the different ways in which societies evaluate the physical and cognitive changes accompanying the aging process.
186

52. A) identity and independence. B) intimacy and identity.
18. Erik Erikson maintained that the two basic aspects of life that dominate adulthood are:
A) identity and independence.
B) intimacy and identity.
C) intimacy and generativity.
D) independence and generativity.
187

53. 19. Research suggests that during early and middle adulthood, crystallized intelligence ___ and fluid intelligence ___.
A) decreases; increases
B) increases; decreases
C) increases; increases
D) decreases; decreases
184

54. B) solving an abstract geometry problem.
20. On which of the following tasks are 55-year-old adults most likely to perform just as effectively as they could 30 years earlier?
A) writing a story.
B) solving an abstract geometry problem.
C) recalling previously presented nonsense syllables.
D) repeating numbers in the opposite order they were presented.
185

55. 21. In a study of 3000 midlife adults, most postmenopausal women recalled feelings of ____ with the onset of menopause.
A) regret
B) panic
C) relief
D) pain
176

56. 22. The best basis for predicting whether a high school student will smoke marijuana would be the:
A) attitude of the student’s parents toward marijuana.
B) student’s attitudes toward his or her parents.
C) extent to which the student has attained a postconventional level of morality.
D) number of the student’s friends who smoke marijuana.
172

57. 23. Researchers have sneakily dabbed rouge on young children’s noses in order to study the developmental beginnings of:
A) egocentrism.
B) object permanence.
C) habituation.
D) self-awareness.
161

58. 24. During the grieving period following the death of one’s spouse:
A) the expression of intense grief contributes to a more rapid recovery from sadness.
B) those who talk frequently with others are unusually likely to prolong their own feelings of depression.
C) grieving men are at greater risk for ill health than are grieving women.
D) both men and women go through predictable stages of denial followed by anger.
191

59. 25. Tommy disapproves of stealing candy from his sister because he thinks his mother will spank him if he does. Henry best represents a(n) _____ morality.
A) preconventional
B) preoperational
C) conventional
D) postconventional
168

60. Acknowledgements Step Up Created by:
John J. Schulte, Psy.D.
Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition by
David Myers
Published by
Worth Publishers, 2006

61. Answers 1. D 2. B 3. C 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. A 9. B
10. D
11. C
12.
13. A
14.
15.
16.
17. A
18. C
19. B
20.
21.
22. D
23.
24.
25. B