1. Bell Work: Answer the questions below after the HWQ
*What does the snake represent?
*What does the rabbit represent?
*What is the snake going to do to the rabbit?
*Why?

2. The Futile Search for Stability
Chapter 17 Section 1

3. Objective Explain how peace was temporary after WWI League of Nations
Inflation in Germany
Failed attempts for peace

4. Problem with Peace: League of Nations
Wilson knew problems would arise
hoped League of Nations would help settle problems
Problem with the plan
US did not join
to avoid involvement in European affairs
Germany did not join
No real power

5. French Demands Treaty called for Reparations France is furious
Determined Germany owes 132 billion German marks
$33 billion US
First payment was in 1921
2nd payment never came
Germany could not pay more
France is furious
Occupied Ruhr Valley
Germany’s industrial and mining center
collect by taking profits

6. Inflation in Germany Government adopted policy of passive resistance
Workers went on strike
Government prints more money to pay workers
Caused an inflation
Mark becomes worthless
1914: 4.2 marks = $1
1923: 130 billion marks = $1
Intensified: 4.2 TRILLION marks = $1

7. German Inflation

8. Solution: Dawes Plan France and Germany want solution to the disaster
In 8/1924 Dawes Plan is introduced
1. Reduced reparations
2. Coordinated Germany’s ability to pay with payments
3. US Granted $200 million loan for Germany recovery
American investment begins in Europe
Alleviated problems for 5 years, until WHEN?

9. Dawes Plan Flow Chart
What would happen if one of the parts “fell” out of the flow?

10. Kellogg-Briand Pact Originally between France & the United states
American Sec of State Kellogg
Foreign minister Briand
63 nations signed
Pledged to “renounce war as an instrument of national policy”
no consequences if they broke pact

11. Video Clip The People’s Century
Lost Peace: 11 minutes (after 2 min of commercial)
Answer the following while watching the clip:
Describe how Europe was affected by WWI & the Treaty of Versailles.
Changes, events, etc.

12. Describe how Europe was affected by WWI & the Treaty of Versailles
Germany almost completely disarmed
Other countries fail to comply with disarmament
Self-determination
Plebiscites (elections) are held
Refugees
from land changing hands
Germany angered
Land taken
Reparations
Inflation
unemployment
no pity from France/GB
Anti-War ~ Literature & movies
Right at the end: People were happy/hopeful
Generation was traumatized by the warfare/trenches
Wilson’s hope / League of Nations
Treaty of Versailles – Germans were in dismay
Austria-Hungarian Empire is destroyed
New nations were created
Czech, Poland, Yugoslavia
League of Nations meets’
US, Russia & Germany don’t attend

13. Bell Work Pair share ideas from Video Be ready to
Describe how Europe was affected by WWI & the Treaty of Versailles.
Changes, events, etc.
Share 3 ideas with 3 different people
Be ready to
Share with the class
Positive or negative??

14. Global Depression: Democracy is on the defensive

15. Objectives Explain the causes of the Global Depression
Discuss the responses to the depression
Government responses
Explain Keynes’ theory

16. The Great Depression
Depression: A period characterized by low economic activity (production & spending) and rising unemployment

17. Causes of the Great Depression
1st Factor
downturns in economies of individual nations
2nd Factor
U.S. Stock Market Crash
European stability was due to US bank loans to Germany (see Dawes)
US stopped investing in Europe & other areas
Caused depression around the world

18. Global Depression: What is happening?
The Great Depression had devastating effects in virtually every country, rich and poor.
Unemployment in the United States rose to 25%, some countries rose as high as 33%.
Massive inflation
Cities all around the world were hit hard, especially those dependent on industry.
Farming and rural areas suffered as crop prices fell by approximately 60 percent

19. First response to the Depression
Governments did not know how to react
Lowered wages
Decreased production
Governments didn’t want to spend too much $
Decreased trade
Made the depression worse. Why?

20. To Do: Depression Reading – in pairs Finish for homework
Read each section out loud or to yourselves
Write the main idea of each section in the right column
Circle or star anything that you do not understand
Finish for homework

21. Bell Work:
Use your notes from the reading to create a Web (graphic organizer) for one of the following:
Fascist Dictatorship
Communist Dictatorship
Welfare Capitalism

22. Ultimate Responses Dictatorship Welfare Capitalism
Germany, Italy, Japan & Central America
Prices dropped
Countries lost money
Social unrest = military dictators promising order
For control
Welfare Capitalism
Canada, GB, France & US
Government assumed responsibility not control
Provided security against bankruptcy & unemployment

23. Keynes: Had a different idea
John Maynard Keynes - British economist
depressions:
Government must step in – increase spending
Unemployment came from
decline in demand
Demand can be increased
Put money back into the system
If necessary:
governments may have to go into deficit spending

24. To Do: Reading Totalitarianism Homework:
Read the first section: Totalitarianism
Fill in the Totalitarian Concept Map
Homework:
Finish Concept map
Finish Reading
Be able to answer questions in class tomorrow

25. Bell Work: Think Pair Share!
Get together with a partner
Share characteristics of Totalitarianism
Use Concept map

26. Rise of Dictators Chapter 17 Section 2
Totalitarianism

27. Objectives
Explain why many countries had adopted totalitarian dictatorial regimes  
Why did people accept it?
Explain how those regimes aimed to control their citizens for state goals.

28. Rise of Dictators Current State in Europe - 1939
France and Great Britain were democratic
other states turned to totalitarian dictators
Totalitarian Ideology – (ideas from concept map)
Rejects the existing society
Corrupt or immoral
Current gov’t is the cause of all the country’s problems
Totalitarianism:
Government aims to control all aspects of the lives of citizens
political, economic, social, intellectual, and cultural

29. Totalitarian State: Characteristics
Demand conformity
control citizens
use propaganda techniques
Had single leader and single party
Glorifies the state above the individual
Individual was subordinate to the collective will
No individual freedoms

30. Types of Totalitarianism
Right-Wing
Left-Wing
Nazi / Fascist
Hitler
Mussolini
Middle Class seeking to maintain power
Keep the class system
Appeals to the elite class
Communist
Mao Tse tung
Stalin
Working class seeking equality
Eliminate the classes
Appeals to the workers
Usually a revolution

31. Fascism in Italy Example of Totalitarianism
Suffered economic problems after WWI
Strikes & protests became common
Created pathway for   

32. Benito Mussolini - Il Duce The 1st Fascist

33. Benito Mussolini - Il Duce The 1st Fascist
Fascist Ideology – Emphasized Totalitarianism
Subordination of the individual to the state
Control all aspects of society
Even if violence is necessary
So why follow him?
Nationalism
We are the best, we deserve to rule
Need for a strong leader
Your government is not working
I can help you … Give me power

35. To Do: Video Clip The People’s Century
Lost Peace: 10 minutes (more if needed)
Answer the following while watching the clip:
What promises were made by Hitler & Mussolini?
What were the problems with the League of Nations?
What were the feelings in the US & Britain?
What was the reaction of France & GB when Hitler annexed Austria?

36. Answers What promises were made by Hitler? Mussolini?
Remove burdens of the Treaty of Versailles
Promised work & bread for all, eliminate unemployment
Mussolini?
A new Roman Empire
What were the problems with the League of Nations?
Failed to stop invasion of Ethiopia or Manchuria
US still not a member, Hitler takes Germany out
What were the feelings in the US?
Isolationism, no more war, no part. in foreign wars
Britain?
Fear war is inevitable
Demand peace, pacifist movements
What was the reaction of France & GB when Hitler annexed Austria?
They do nothing

37. To Do
Read Chapter 17 Section 3
Hitler wks (Due Monday)

38. Bell Work: page 557 Political effects of the Great Depression
Government has a greater role
Extremist political parties
Why would people accept extremist rulers?
Promised a better life, equality
Simple solutions in exchange for power
Promise greatness
Why would these leaders go to war?
Likely seek more power by conquering other nations

39. Bell Work What do you know about Hitler? Objective
Discuss in class
Objective
Explain Hitler’s ideas and where they came from
Video: Portrait of a Tyrant
To Do
Finish Hitler worksheet for Monday

40. Bell Work Homework Quiz
“We must develop organizations in which an individual’s entire life can take place. …every activity and every need of every individual will be regulated by the collectivity represented by the party…there is no free will…the time of personal happiness is over”
- Hitler

41. Hitler and Nazi Germany

42. Objectives Examine Hitler and his beliefs Describe the rise of Hitler
Explain how they appealed to the German nation
Describe the rise of Hitler
Understand Hitler’s goal for Germany
Explain how he tries to achieve this goal

43. Background: Who was Hitler?
His ideas
Racism & anti-Semitism
Extreme nationalist
After WWI service, wanted to enter politics
military injury with mustard gas gave him a vision to save Germany

44. Beer Hall Putsch In 1919 joined extremist group in Munich
German-Workers’ Party
became known as the Nazi Party
Hitler planned an uprising
the Beer Hall Putsch (coup)
Munich in 1923
Hitler’s uprising was crushed
Hitler was arrested for high treason

45. Mein Kampf In prison Content
he wrote Mein Kampf (My Struggle)
Content
Nationalism, anti-Semitism, anti-communism
Links with Social Darwinism
Emphasized right of superior nations to lebensraum (“living space”) through expansion

46. The Rise of the Party Hitler gains power Legal means, not violence
Followed the rules of the Weimar Republic
Nazi party must have enough votes to gain control
Uses propaganda
attack on the failures of the "Weimar system”
By 1931, it was the largest party in Reichstag
Hindenburg allowed Hitler to become chancellor

47. The Nazis Take Control Demand conformity
“Enabling Act passed by Reichstag
gave government power to ignore the constitution for 4 years
No longer needed President Hindenburg
Within 7 months totalitarian state was established
Demand conformity
concentration camps for any opposition
Had single leader and single party
Hitler became sole ruler
Hindenburg died
All political parties except Nazi party were eliminated
Glorifies the state above the individual
all institutions under state control

48. The Nazi State Goal: Hitler’s Success??
Wanted the development of the Aryan race to dominate Europe
create an empire like Rome
The Third Reich
Hitler’s Success??
economic policies & terror

49. Reasons for Success Economic difficulties
Unemployment has risen
4.4 million to 5.5 million in 1 year
Hitler promised a new Germany
Appealed to nationalism and militarism
They saw him as a savior
Hitler used public work projects to employ people
A massive rearmament program
Took credit for drop in unemployment

50. Use of Terror Used “Guard Squadrons” or SS to maintain order
The main purpose enforcement of Nazi racial doctrine and anti-Semitic policies
Heinrich Himmler
Controlled the SS AND regular police forces
Opened the first concentration camps
One of the main architects of the Holocaust

51. To Do:
Reading: Stalin
Book – pages
Answer questions

52. Bell Work:
Read the 1st & 2nd Columns of the Reading: A new Era in Russia
Answer the following questions
Explain the NEP.
Compare and contrast the two parties that resulted from Lenin’s death.

53. A New Era in the USSR: Stalin

54. Objectives
Describe the divide in leadership after Lenin’s death

55. During the Civil War After the Civil War Lenin followed war communism
Government controlled most industries
Peasants retaliated by hoarding their food
Drought followed = famine
Then -- the industry suffered
End result
Peasants blame Lenin

56. Lenin’s New Economic Policy
To save Russia
forgets war communism
focuses on NEP
NEP: was a modified version of the capitalistic system
some small privately owned and operated stores
Large industry & banking remained government owned

57. Rise of the Soviet Union
Lenin and Communists formally create USSR
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (Soviet Union)
By this time: Things were better
Revived market
production rose
No more famine
Credit given to NEP for saving the USSR
temporary ?????
return to a communist state???
Lenin Dies

58. Trotsky and Stalin have problems
Joseph Stalin and Leon Trotsky struggle for control when Lenin dies in 1924
Stalin was party secretary 
Appointed party officials
Thousands of officials he appointed supported him
Gained complete control of the Communist Party
Trotsky was in charge of the military

59. Stalin wins the power struggle and Trotsky is exiled and later murdered
Most believe that
his rival Stalin had
him murdered

60. To Do:
Finish reading and answer questions.

61. Did not get along with sons or daughter
Son tried committing suicide but was unsuccessful, which only led to Stalin continuing to harass him. Left son in German concentration camp where he killed himself by running into an electric fence
1st wife died of illness and 2nd wife killed herself
Daughter’s relationship with father tense, and she emigrated to America
Other son died of alcoholism

62. Bell Work Who are the two men in the cartoon?
What was their relationship?
How do they feel about each other now?
What are they accusing each other of doing?

63. Joseph Stalin
Lenin

64. Objectives Explain how Stalin gained power in Russia
Explain Stalin’s rule in the Soviet Union
Describe the affects of his rule on the people

65. Stalin’s Impact: Five Year Plan
Goal:
transform Russia into a modern state
Agriculture to industrial
Ended NEP
Replaced with Five Year Plan
Set economic goals for five years

66. Five Year Plan
1st Five Year Plan focused on maximum production of military equipment
Increase industry as fast as possible
Make money for the state
Make the state powerful
Remember the Industrial Revolution in England?

67. Costs of Industrialization: Just like England, but worse
Collectivism
private farms were eliminated
Government owned all land and made the
peasants work the land
Led to: devastating effects
Livestock slaughtering
hoarding food
led to widespread famine
10 million peasant deaths (says Stalin)
Stalin “gave” each farm worker one tiny, privately owned lot

68. Price of resistence Anyone who resisted Stalin was isolated to Siberia
Removed from power (Bolsheviks)
Eliminated: army officials, diplomats, union officials, intellectuals, and citizens
Millions sent to concentration camps (Gulag)
Never returned
Some Executed

69. To Do Video: Red Terror (Start about 10 minutes in)
Fill out the video guide

70. Exit Slip What do you think of Stalin?
I never knew…
I was shocked …
What one word best describes Stalin?
“Ideas are more powerful than guns. We would not let our enemies have guns, why should we let them have ideas.”

71. Go over . . . . What do you think of Stalin?
I never knew…
I was shocked …
What one word best describes Stalin?
“Ideas are more powerful than guns. We would not let our enemies have guns, why should we let them have ideas.”

72. To Do Read Gulag introduction Finish Gulag Web quest Answer questions
Discuss as a class
Finish Gulag Web quest
For tomorrow

73. Gulag discussion???

74. Depression and dictator test
Swing kid introduction questions
Hitler youth questions????

75. Swing Kids Day One Go over Swing Kid questions Explain the HJ
Start Movie
Minutes 1-33
Peter gets arrested
Start 34 min (Knopp talks to Peter)
End 100 min ( TV scenes of Hitler in Austria)
Start 110 min (Swing Club – Arvid plays)
End 147 – Go over examples – Examples of Totalitarianism