2. Lesson Eight 1

3. 2 Teaching Procedure 1.Warm up 2. BackgroundBackground 3. Learning and Appreciation 1) text Theme 2) text structure 3) words & expressions 4) writing devices 4. Extension

4. Warm-up I. Enjoy a Story Enjoy a Story II. Courage & Integrity Courage & Integrity III. Read & Discuss Read & Discuss

5. I. Enjoy a Story During my second month of nursing school, our professor gave us a pop quiz. I was a conscientious student and had breezed through the questions, until I read the last one: "What is the first name of the woman who cleans the school?" The Cleaning Lady "Surely this was some kind of joke. I had seen the cleaning woman several times. She was tall, dark-haired and in her 50s, but how would I know her name?”

6. I. Enjoy a Story I handed in my paper, leaving the last question blank. Before class ended, one student asked if the last question would count toward our quiz grade. "Absolutely," said the professor. "In your careers you will meet many people. All are significant. They deserve your attention and care, even if all you do is smile and say 'Hello'." The Cleaning Lady I've never forgotten that lesson. I also learned her name was Dorothy.

7. II. Courage & Integrity Courage and integrity are two very important __________ that are a part of every person's lifestyle. Which trait would be more _________? Courageous people do not let anything hold them back or ________ them from doing what they believe in. Integrity is the ability to set a frame of personal morals and live your life accordingly. Listen and fill in the blanks.

8. Also courage is _______ what you believe in, even when you know your end result is most likely to be failure. The ability to accept failure is also courage. The most important form of courage is ___________ integrity. II. Courage & Integrity

9. Integrity is all about who you really are as a person. Integrity is the ability to maintain those morals in ___________. If I had to choose between integrity and courage, I would choose integrity because it takes courage to have integrity. If you had integrity, courage would already be part of you. II. Courage & Integrity

10. It takes courage to maintain your integrity. Many incidents may ________ in life that challenge your moral principles. People with a high amount of integrity can maintain their moral principles in any given situation. People with low integrity must have a low amount of courage because it takes true courage to maintain their integrity. Between courage and integrity, the value of integrity _________ the value of courage. High integrity is more important than anything else in the world because there is nothing more important than who you are inside. II. Courage & Integrity

11. Courage and integrity are two very important __________ that are a part of every person's lifestyle. Which trait would be more _________? Courageous people do not let anything hold them back or ________ them from doing what they believe in. Integrity is the ability to set a frame of personal morals and live your life accordingly. Listen and fill in the blanks. traits desirable restrain

12. Also courage is _______ what you believe in, even when you know your end result is most likely to be failure. The ability to accept failure is also courage. The most important form of courage is ___________ integrity. executing maintaining II. Courage & Integrity

13. Integrity is all about who you really are as a person. Integrity is the ability to maintain those morals in ___________. If I had to choose between integrity and courage, I would choose integrity because it takes courage to have integrity. If you had integrity, courage would already be part of you. II. Courage & Integrity any given situation

14. It takes courage to maintain your integrity. Many incidents may ________ in life that challenge your moral principles. People with a high amount of integrity can maintain their moral principles in any given situation. People with low integrity must have a low amount of courage because it takes true courage to maintain their integrity. Between courage and integrity, the value of integrity _________ the value of courage. High integrity is more important than anything else in the world because there is nothing more important than who you are inside. come up outweighs II. Courage & Integrity

15. III. Read & Discuss Study the following five quotations on morality and then brainstorm about the two topics listed below. 1."What you do not wish others to do to you, do not do to them." (Confucius) 2. Moral integrity is a long-range commitment to specific moral principles; a person of moral integrity does not change moral principles for the sake of expediency or personal convenience. (Manuel M. Davenport)

16. 3. Integrity is the commitment to acting in accordance with long-range values and moral principles. Integrity requires us to think past short-term gains to long-range consequences. (Diana Mertz Hsieh) 4. No one can enhance himself at the expense of others; what one believes to be "self-enhancement" is that case is actually self-destruction. III. Read & Discuss

17. I. AuthorAuthor II. The BibleThe Bible III. Film—The African QueenFilm—The African Queen IV. Bachelor PartyBachelor Party Background Information

18. Laura Schlessinger (1947— ) I. Author —PhD. in physiology, Columbia University; —Post-doctoral certification in marriage, family and child counseling, University of Southern California; —A teacher, writer and radio talk show host.

19. Author. Works: Parenthood by Proxy: Don’t Have Them if You Won’t Raise Them (2000) Ten Stupid Things Men Do to Mess Up Their Lives (1994) How Could You Do That?! The Abdication of Character, Courage and Conscience (1996)

20. I. Author Dr. Laura Schlessinger's But I Waaannt It! Dr. Laura Schlessinger's Why Do You Love Me?

21. I. Author Laura Schlessinger’s quotes: Children are our second chance to have a great parent-child relationship. The people and circumstances around me do not make me what I am; they reveal who I am. Don’t spend time beating on a wall, hoping to transform it into a door.

22. Holy Script The Bible (Bible—“book” in Greek) Old Testament New Testament II.The Bible

23. GENESIS CHAPTER 1 1 In the beginning God created the heaven and the earth. 5And God called the light Day, and the darkness he called Night. And the evening and the morning were the first day. 8And the evening and the morning were the second day. 11 And God said, Let the earth bring forth grass, the herb yielding seed, and the fruit tree yielding fruit after his kind, whose seed is in itself, upon the earth: and it was so. 13 And the evening and the morning were the third day. II.The Bible

24. GENESIS CHAPTER 1 16And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also. 19 And the evening and the morning were the fourth day. 21 And God created great whales, and every living creature that moveth, which the waters brought forth abundantly, after their kind, and every winged fowl after his kind: and God saw that it was good. 23 And the evening and the morning were the fifth day. II.The Bible

25. GENESIS CHAPTER 1 &2 27 So God created man in his own image, in the image of God created he him; male and female created he them. … 31 And God saw every thing that he had made, and, behold, it was very good. And the evening and the morning were the sixth day. … The Bible

26. GENESIS CHAPTER 1 &2 1And the heavens and the earth and all their host were finished. 2And God had finished on the seventh day his work which he had made; and he rested on the seventh day from all his work which he had made. II.The Bible

27. III. Film–The African Queen Katherine Hepburn ------ Rossie, the missionary Humphrey Bogart ------ Charlie, sailor With The African Queen (1951), Hepburn received her fifth Oscar nomination for the film.

28. An iconic star of American film and stage, widely recognized for her sharp wit, New England gentility and fierce independence. A screen legend, Hepburn holds the record for the most Oscars for Best Actress, of which she won four. She was nominated for twelve Best Actress Academy Awards, the record for nominations until 2003, when Meryl Streep earned her 13th nomination. In 1999, the American Film Institute ranked Hepburn the Greatest Actress of All Time. Katharine Houghton Hepburn (1907—2003) III. Film–The African Queen

29. Humphrey Bogart (1899—1957) An iconic American actor who retains legendary status decades after his death. He appeared in 75 feature motion pictures. In 1999, the American Film Institute named Bogart the Greatest Male Star of All Time. Bogart typically played smart, playful, courageous, tough, occasionally reckless characters, living in a corrupt world, yet anchored by an inner moral code. Casablanca The African Queen (for which he won an Academy Award for Best Actor) III. Film–The African Queen

30. A 1951 film in which a devout missionary and a drunkard steamboat captain pilot a boat down a river in German East Africa as WWI begins. English woman Rose Sayer (Katharine Hepburn) and Canadian Charlie Allnut (Humphrey Bogart) make unlikely companions, but their quarreling turns into romance as they work toward their goal of sinking a German ship that patrols the lake into which the river feeds. The African Queen The film has been selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. III. Film–The African Queen

31. “ We were put on the earth to rise above nature.” Christianity: Bible Adam and Eve forbidden fruit expulsion from the Garden “original sin” “We inherit a corrupted or damaged human nature in which the tendency to do bad is greater. By participating in the life of the church, each person's human nature is healed and it becomes easier to do good.” III. Film–The African Queen

32. IV. Bachelor Party The bachelor party or "Stag Night" has been a tradition since the time of the Romans. The night before the wedding, the groom’s best friends and male family members take him out for one last night of debauchery and pleasure.

33. IV. Bachelor Party Bachelor party toast: "Drink, my buddies, drink with discerning, Wedlock's a lane where there is no turning; Never was owl more blind than lover; Drink and be merry, lads; and think it over." There was a time when tradition held that the groom-to-be should be fêted at a black-tie dinner- party, hosted by his father or best man. This all-male gathering strictly adhered to the codes of gentlemanly behavior, the highlight of the evening being a toast to the health of the bride-to-be.

34. Learning and Appreciation Morality principle of human beings Theme of the story

35. Part 1 (paras. 1— ) about: Part 2 (paras. ) about: Part 3 (paras. ) about: Part 4 (para. ) about: Structure of the text 7 8—23 24—29 30 Clashing definitions of humanity Three core elements for a true human Pleasure principle Further probe into conscience The end of Structure. Lesson 8-”We are Only Human” Learning and Appreciation

36. 35 Learning and Appreciation 1. Nobody is acknowledged to have a free will or responsibility any more. (para1) not …any more admit Paraphrase: People don’t admit that everyone has a free will to decide to do or not to do or should be responsible for their action or behavior ( what they did).

37. 36 Behaviorist theory Behaviorist believe that human behavior is a response to external stimulation and determined by genes. An individual’s behavior is caused by environment around him, that is, he acts because he is stimulated by something. In this sense, human beings have no free will, they are just a group formed by external causes. 2. Everyone is the product of causation. There are no longer individuals, just victims in groups. (para1)

38. 37 It’s when callers protest that they are “only human”. Audience who listen to her radio program and call her to express opposition through action or words Paraphrase: It was at the moment that the audience call me to express their disagreement or to find excuse for what they did, “only human” is an excuse they often use.

39. 38 As if one’s humanness were a blueprint for instinctive, reflexive reactions to situations, like the rest of the animal kingdom. (Para. 2) Paraphrase: As if the fact we are human were a kind of detailed plan which determines how instinctively and naturally we react to situations, as is the case with all other animals. Subjunctive mood simile something you do when you react to a situation without thinking

40. 39 instinct, instinctive (para2) human instinct; life instinct; maternal instinct; natural instincts She stepped back by instinct seeing a strange man. elevate (para2) (formal) to move someone or something to a more important level or rank, or make them better than before Language has elevated humans above the other animals. Their purpose is to elevate AIDS to the top of government priorities. Reading good books elevate one's mind.

41. 40 Question: What does the author intend to tell the readers in para2? Human distinguishes from animals because he can use his mind and free will to decide his action. 3. clash (para3) ~ clashing definitions of humanity 1)argue because of different beliefs and opinions - used in news reports 2)Democrats clashed with Republicans in a heated debate. 3)The two men have clashed over the report's conclusions.

42. 41 2) conflict The announcement has been delayed to avoid clashing with the Prime Minister's speech. 3) Two colors or design look very bad together I can't wear red - it clashes with my hair. 4. illustrate:to explain sth by pictures, examples (para3) Association: demonstrate 5. invoke (para3) 1)to use a law, principle, or theory to support your views 援引 ( 法规、条文等 ) invoke an article of the Charter of the United Nations

43. 42 2) to ask for help from someone more powerful than you invoke sb.'s help; invoke the judge's mercy 3) invoke a law, rule etc, you say that you are doing something because the law allows or forces you to 行使 ( 法权等 ); The UN threatened to invoke economic sanctions if the talks were broken off. Association: provoke Don’t provoke the dog. That’s dangerous. I don’t believe the two slaps provoked him to kill his father.

44. 43 A missionary is teaching people about Christianity and convincing them to become Christians. Carly’s mother is praying that the operation will succeed. Carly’s mother is giving prayers for Carly. Missionary, prayer, pray

45. 44 6. apt (para3) 1) be apt to do something: to have a natural tendency to do something Some of the staff are apt to arrive late on Mondays. Association: be prone to do sth; tend to do sth; incline to do 2) appropriate 'Love at first sight' is a very apt description of how he felt when he saw her. 3) quick to learn and understand; clever; bright an apt pupil/student

46. 45 Question What does the author want to illustrate by giving this example? (para3) To illustrate that clashing definition of human.

47. 46 While natural selection did shape our minds and feelings, there is something extra special(about the human mind)that leads us to be able, if not always willing, to take that extra step past some action that makes sense on only the basis of “survival of the fittest,” or “survival of me.” There is sth special about the human mind which enables us to go beyond selfish actions, actions that are explained by the need for survival There is a good reason or explanation for sth Question What’s about the author’s attitude to “survival of the fittest”? Support or object? Which word can show it? Object to the idea. Rephrase the theory by using “or” and rephrasing the theory to “survival of me”.

48. 47 I Moral behavior is viewed by some group as an investment for greater returns. Question: Does the author favor any of the above moral principles? If not, how does she refute the argument? I do for you because I can expect some reciprocal benefits in the future.(para6)

49. 48 7. come in: be involved; has a part to play (para6) I understand the plan perfectly, but I can’t see where I come in. …… 但是我不知道在这个计划中我起什么作用？ Everyone has a part to play, where do I come in? I don’t understand. It seems to be a very practical problem. Where does social responsibility come in? 8. Forgo: not to do or not to have something pleasant or enjoyable (p7) There is an emergency patient. I had to forgo lunch. to forgo pleasures We'll have to forgo our rest hour to gather in the wheat before the storm begins.

50. 49 9. at the expense of somebody/something: achieve a goal by doing something that could harm the other person or thing (para7) He did not want to devote more time to his business at the expense of his family. 10. derive: (para7) 1) [vt.]to get something, especially an advantage or a pleasant feeling, from something Medically, we will derive great benefit from this technique. derive pleasure/enjoyment etc 以 … 为代价

51. 50 2) be derived: [vt.& vi ] to develop or come from something else This word is derived from Latin. Association: result from, originate from, stem from Questions: 1) What do 3 “C” respectively stand for according to the author ? 2)In para6, How does the author regard the concept “I do for you because I can expect some reciprocal benefits in the future.” ? 3) Retell part I as the figure shows you

52. 51 instinctive, reflexive, elevate …above, rise above, accomplish, fill out destiny, survival of the fittest, self-advancement, self-indulgence, innate drive/ battle /struggle, come in, derive, in the act of doing, resist temptation, forgo, benefit, at some expense of the self, eliminate, investment concept, reciprocal altruism, restore…to its place 3 C’s pleasure happiness moral responsibility We’re Only HumanLower animals animal summarize Next page

53. 52 Question: What does it mean by the sentence “what you are when no one else is looking” ?(para8) This is a moral principle that the author favors and it, to a large extent, runs counter to the principle of “doing something for reciprocal benefits.” If you do good deeds in a way unnoticed by other people, then it means you can hardly get anything in return. You are doing it not for the sake of being rewarded but because you draw pleasure in doing them. Next page

54. 53 11. forge (para8) 1) to develop something new, especially a strong relationship with other people, groups, or countries e.g forge a relationship/alliance/link etc (with somebody) 2) to illegally copy something, especially something printed or written a forged passport /signature/ certification Association: artificial, false, man-made, fake, counterfeit Next page

55. 54 artificial(barrier, environment, fertilizer, flower, grass, heart, intelligence, lake, language, leg, light, lighting) false (eyelash, god, hope, identity, impression, information, modesty, name,passport, picture, report, representation, security, sense, tooth, trade) man-made (chemical, fibre, fibres, island, lake, satellite ) fake (driver's license, fur coat, Rolex watches, identification documents) counterfeit (currency, goods, money) Next page

56. 55 Questions 1) In para8, what does the author hear about “character”? 2) How do you understand the “what you are when no one else is looking”? 12. inner: adj. on the inside or close to the centre of something (opposite outer) (para16) e.g an inner room, inner city, the inner ear, inner thoughts, the inner feelings, inner circle Association: inside (adv, prep.): in or into a building or room or container Next page

57. 56 e.g. inside an envelope/ his jacket/ the house/ the Party internal(opposite:external ):within a particular country / a company or organization /one’s body e.g. internal organs/injuries/ bleeding /affairs /security /markets 13. Commitment: n (para10) 1) a promise to do something or to behave in a particular way e.g Are you ready to make a long-term commitment ? a commitment to pay $50000 to Red Cross Next page

58. 57 2)the hard work and loyalty that someone gives to an organization, activity etc I've taken on too many commitments. Her commitment to work is beyond question. family commitments Question What does the author want to illustrate by using the story of Tina’s husband’s? (para9~10) Next page

59. 58 14. grapple with: to try hard to deal with sth difficult (para11) The Government has to grapple with the problem of unemployment. Molly's upstairs grappling with her maths homework. 15. be being+adj.(adj. denotes an action) : express the situation at the moment (para13) You’re being clever. Billy’s being a nice boy. I’m being serious. You’re being modest. To paraphrase6

60. 59 Questions 1) What does Tony’s story prove? (para11~16) 2) As far as the structure is concerned, in what way does “The First C” transit to “The Second C” ? 16. sustain (para17) 1) maintain: eg. She found it difficult to sustain the children's interest. 2) (formal) to suffer damage, an injury, or loss of money 3) to make them able to continue living They gave me barely enough food to sustain me.

61. 60 4) to hold up the weight of something 5) (formal ) to support an idea or argument, or prove that it is right eg. This argument is difficult to sustain. 17.sustained [only before noun]: continuing for a long time a period of sustained economic crisis development a sustained attack on the government To sentence 9

62. 61 leap of faith: something you do even though it involves a risk, hoping that it will have a good result (Longman Dictionary) For this the Middle East needs a leap of faith. An act or an instance of accepting or trusting in sth. That cannot be readily seen or trusted (teachers’ book) report doing something Witnesses reported seeing three people flee the scene.

63. 62 18. Initiative n. 主动, （ the ）主动权 (para17) lose/ seize / take the initiative; do sth. on one's own initiative 19. A is to B what C is to D : A is as important to B as C is to D A 之于 B, 就如 C 之于 D (para18) Air is to man what water is to fish. Blood is to a man’s body what railway is to transportation. “Robertson is to his life what fresh water is to an oasis in a vast desert.” To sentence 10

64. 63 20. dilemma: a situation in which it is very difficult to decide what to do, because all the choices seem equally good or equally bad (para19) 1)This placed Robert Kennedy in a dilemma. 2) Many women are faced with the dilemma of choosing between work and family commitments. 3) It is a common dilemma: Should you stay where you have friends and family, or take that good job in a far-away city? 4) With a child on each opposing team, Dad was faced with a dilemma: which supporters should he sit with? To sentence 11

65. 64 21. Optional: you can choose to if you want to (opposite compulsory) (para19) Attendance at the meeting is optional. If they wish, students can do an optional dissertation, and pick up word-processing and other computer skills. Association: option Each multiple-choice question contains four option. Questions How many types of life are there in author’s opinion? What are they like? To:We wish to be excused because guilt and….

66. 65 22. overwhelming: very large or greater, more important etc than any other (para 23) 1)There is overwhelming evidence that smoking damages your health. 2)An overwhelming majority of the members were against the idea. 3)The proposal has been given overwhelming support. 23. get in the way of something: to prevent someone from doing something, or prevent something from happening (p24) Your social life must not get in the way of your studies. Next page

67. 66 Questions 1) Why do people use “Okay, I made a mistake” or “But I’m only human” or “I’m not perfect!” ?(para20) 2) What does the author define “guilt” and “shame” as?(para21) 24. ample (para27) 1)more than enough ; sufficient ample evidence/ justification/ opportunity/ room/ scope/ space/ supply/ time 2) ( literary) large in a way that is attractive or pleasant ample bosom To: while a balance of both is …(para25) To sentence 15

68. 67 25. in this/that regard: (formal) relating to something you have just mentioned (para28) The company's problems, in this regard, are certainly not unique. The second guidance was in respect of roads, and much needed to be done in this regard. 26.Conscience (para 30) guilty/troubled conscience 问心有愧 ; a clear conscience 问心无愧 ; a social conscience 公德心 ;have no conscience 没良心

69. 68 1)It was his _________________ that made him offer to help. social conscience 2) At least I can face them all with _____________________ a clear conscience 3) They___________________ at all about cheating. have no conscience 27. impose (para30) impose something on somebody 父母们常常会把自己的道德价值观强加给孩子们。 Parents often impose their own moral values on their children. To p43

70. 69 1) What is pleasure and what is happiness according to the author? 2) What is the relationship among pleasure and happiness and conscience? 3) What does it mean by “A Good Conscience Has Its Perks”?(para30) Return to 43

71. 70 courage sustaining life thoroughly living life Initiative, risk-taking, sustained Action, odds, sacrificing, leaps of faith C______ is to l____ what b____ is to s____. formula, confusion, emphasis, devastate to Relationship between__&___ is rooted in combination, ample,expand transitory, discreet, superficial, immediate gratification happiness pleasure disregard, seduction, self-centered,generate, destruction,ultimate, potential,self-esteem, personal achievement ourage iferothoup questions

72. 71 character forge Sacrifice, pains, efforts integrity,honesty, honor pleasure acceptance, affection Reputation,respectAdmiration, happiness morality a value system life, richness, flavor,meaning Values,vibrancy, optional courage conscience capacity to judge to conform motivated Responsibility Choice,decision feeling happiness pleasure Pleasure principle complete human Next page

73. 72 Discussion Do you agree that “pleasure is an event; happiness is a process. Pleasure is an end point; happiness is the journey. Pleasure is material; happiness is spiritual. Pleasure is self-involved; happiness is outer- and other involved”?

74. 73 even if: used to emphasize that something will still be true if another thing happens She's going to have problems finding a job even if she gets her A levels. Even if he gets accepted to Harvard, he won't be able to afford the tuition. He's going to buy the farm even if they raise the price even though:used to emphasize that something is true although something else has happened or is true Even though he's 24 now, he's still like a little child. I can still remember, even though it was so long ago. I still look fat, even though I've been exercising fairly regularly.

75. 74 Writing Devices Writing Devices Metaphor The 3C’s are Character, Courage, and Conscience, without which we are merely gigantic ants instinctively filling out our biologically determined destiny. (Para. 4) Metaphor: a metaphor, like a simile, makes a comparison between two unlike elements, but unlike a simile, this comparison is implied rather than stated. Metaphor Human beings are compared to gigantic ants. To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8-”We are Only Human”

76. 75 Lesson 8-”We are Only Human” To be continued on the next page.  The tree of liberty must be refreshed from time to time with blood of patriots and tyrants. It is its natural manure. (—Thomas Jefferson) Liberty cannot be achieved without blood shed—the shedding of the blood of both the defenders and the oppressors of liberty in a violent struggle. Blood (manure) nurtures liberty.

77. 76 … with one of entertainment-type women at the party. (Para. 9) Euphemism: the substitution of mild or vague or roundabout expression for harsh or direct one. Euphemism More examples Lesson 8-”We are Only Human” Writing Devices

78. 77 Euphemism: more examples  He did his business like a dog at the roadside.  The hero left us forever.  Senior Citizens are taken care of by the government.  Women’s room Lesson 8-”We are Only Human” To be continued on the next page.

79. Extension I. Oral work Oral work II. Quiz Quiz III.Writing Writing Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human”

80. I. Oral Work List: 1.Group discussionGroup discussion 2.DebatingDebating Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human”

81. What do you think constitute moral actions? Do integrity and honesty always bring immediate rewards or gratification? Why? Do the bad people always get punished? Use examples to elaborate your view. Is human behavior gene-determined or shaped by our environment? Or is it the result of the exercise of our free will? Brainstor m in groups. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” I. Oral Work

82. Topics for debating: 1.Moral principles differ in race, religion and social status. 2.Might is right. 3.Altruism will prevail over egoism. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” The end of Oral Work. I. Oral Work

83. II. Quiz 1 1. I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your ___ time. a. worthy b. valuable c. valueless d. priceless 2. I’m ___ the impression that you have made much progress in your English study. a. at b. in c. underd. with 1.b 2.c To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human”

84. 3. The clock was ____ eleven when I went to bed. a. striking b. beating c. ringing d. sounding 4. Dogs are often praised for their ____; they almost never abandon. a. faith b. loyalty c. trust d. truthfulness 3. a 4. b To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

85. 5. ____ as it was at such a time, his work attracted much attention. a. Being published b. Published c. Publishing d. To be published 6.In the advanced course students must take performance tests at monthly ____. a. gaps b. intervals c. length d. distance 5. b 6. b To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

86. 7. He underwent four ____ operations in two weeks. a. excessiveb. extensive c. intensived. successive 8. After performing a successful operation, the doctor at last pulled the patient ____. a. backb. in c. up d. through 7. d 8. d To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

87. 9. The engine ____ smoke and steam. a. gives upb. gives in c. gives awayd. gives off 10. It’s no use ____ me not to worry. a. you tell b. your telling c. for you to have told d. having told 9. d 10. b To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

88. 11. One more try, ____ you will succeed. a. or b. but c. so d. and 12. ____ the flood, the ship would have reached its destination on time. a. In case of b. In spite of c. Because of d. But for 11. d 12. d To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

89. 13. I don’t doubt ____ the plan will be well- conceived. a. that b. why c. whetherd. when 14. Mrs. Brown is supposed ____ for Italy last week. a. to have left b. to be leaving c. to leave d. to have been left 13. a 14. a To be continued on the next page. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

90. 15. Don’t worry. The company will ____ all your expense. a. satisfy b. meet c. pay d. submit 16. Foreign disinvestments and the ____ of South Africa from would capital markets after 1985 further weakened its economy. a. displacement b. elimination c. exclusiond. exception 15. b 16. c The end of Quiz 1. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” II. Quiz 1

91. 1. I can’t help feeling ________ towards my kid. (protect) 2. It was a _______ decision which was to change the rest of his life. (fate) 3. Every effort was made to return the purse to its ________ owner. (right) 4. This is an ________ documentary about China’s reform. (absorb) 5. Many people are still regarding _______ modified food with great suspicion. (biology) 6. Government at all levels should maintain ________ economic growth. (sustain) II. Quiz 2 protective fateful rightful absorbing biologically sustainable Fill out the blanks with the proper form of the given words. Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human” To be continued on the next page.

92. 7. He failed to honor _________ to equal pay and opportunities. (commit) 8. There are a number of __________ courses lectured by some learned and seasoned scholars. (opt) 9. Will this century be an era when _______ cultures contend ? (clash) 10. The anchor began his program with a very __________ anecdote about the guest. (entertain) II. Quiz 2 commitment optimal clashing entertaining The end of Quiz. BTLEW Lesson 8 – “We are Only Human”

93. III. Writing  What it Means to Be Human The end of Writing. You are expected to 1.Provide a definition of the word “human”; 2.List two or three key qualities that convey what it means to be fully human; 3.Use examples to illustrate each quality.