God gave future promises of a coming Messiah through the prophets.

God gave future promises of a coming Messiah through the prophets.
We can know when a passage is fulfilled when the N. T. tells us! (Acts 2:16-17)

Acts 2: "But this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel: 17 'And it shall come to pass in the last days, says God, That I will pour out of My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your young men shall see visions, Your old men shall dream dreams.

There are many teachers today while trying to interpret the New Testament in light of the Old Testament, even to the point of contradicting the New.

It is important to harmonize and learn from the Old Testament. (Mt 5:17-18; Rom 15:4)

Matthew 5: " Do not think that I came to destroy the Law or the Prophets. I did not come to destroy but to fulfill. 18 "For assuredly, I say to you, till heaven and earth pass away, one jot or one tittle will by no means pass from the law till all is fulfilled.

Romans 15:4 4 For whatever things were written before were written for our learning, that we through the patience and comfort of the Scriptures might have hope.

Remember the limitations of the Old Testament prophets without the light of the New Testament Apostles and Prophets. (1 Pt 1:9-12)

1 Peter 1: receiving the end of your faith -- the salvation of your souls. 10 Of this salvation the prophets have inquired and searched carefully, who prophesied of the grace that would come to you,

11 searching what, or what manner of time, the Spirit of Christ who was in them was indicating when He testified beforehand the sufferings of Christ and the glories that would follow.

12 To them it was revealed that, not to themselves, but to us they were ministering the things which now have been reported to you through those who have preached the gospel to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven -- things which angels desire to look into.

Some of the prophecies were well known and others were not.

What prophecies were known in advance by the Jewish leaders?

What prophecies were known in advance by the Jewish leaders? Remember, even with the prophecies, the coming of Christ was a mystery that was revealed at the right time! (Eph 1:9; 3:3, 9)

Ephesians 1:9 9 having made known to us the mystery of His will, according to His good pleasure which He purposed in Himself,

Ephesians 3:3 3 how that by revelation He made known to me the mystery (as I have briefly written already,

Ephesians 3:9 9 and to make all see what is the fellowship of the mystery, which from the beginning of the ages has been hidden in God who created all things through Jesus Christ;

Prophecies of the Birth of the Messiah
The Jewish leaders knew this prophecy! (Mt 2:1-8; Micah 5:2-5)

Micah 5: " But you, Bethlehem Ephrathah, Though you are little among the thousands of Judah, Yet out of you shall come forth to Me The One to be Ruler in Israel, Whose goings forth are from of old, From everlasting." 3 Therefore He shall give them up, Until the time that she who is in labor has given birth; Then the remnant of His brethren Shall return to the children of Israel.

4 And He shall stand and feed His flock In the strength of the LORD, In the majesty of the name of the LORD His God; And they shall abide, For now He shall be great To the ends of the earth; 5 And this One shall be peace. When the Assyrian comes into our land, And when he treads in our palaces, Then we will raise against him Seven shepherds and eight princely men.

Matthew 2:1-8 Now after Jesus was born in Bethlehem of Judea in the days of Herod the king, behold, wise men from the East came to Jerusalem, 2 saying, "Where is He who has been born King of the Jews? For we have seen His star in the East and have come to worship Him." 3 When Herod the king heard this, he was troubled, and all Jerusalem with him.

4 And when he had gathered all the chief priests and scribes of the people together, he inquired of them where the Christ was to be born. 5 So they said to him, "In Bethlehem of Judea, for thus it is written by the prophet: 6 'But you, Bethlehem, in the land of Judah, Are not the least among the rulers of Judah; For out of you shall come a Ruler Who will shepherd My people Israel.' "

7 Then Herod, when he had secretly called the wise men, determined from them what time the star appeared. 8 And he sent them to Bethlehem and said, "Go and search carefully for the young Child, and when you have found Him, bring back word to me, that I may come and worship Him also.“

This gives us an understanding of why prophecies both reveal and conceal!

Satan is wiser than any man, but he could not determine God’s plan from the Old Testament prophecies alone. (1 Cor 2:7-8)

1 Corinthians 2: But we speak the wisdom of God in a mystery, the hidden wisdom which God ordained before the ages for our glory, 8 which none of the rulers of this age knew; for had they known, they would not have crucified the Lord of glory.

Some would have used this prophecy to conclude that Jesus was not the Messiah! (Jn 1:45-46; 7:40-43)

John 1: Philip found Nathanael and said to him, "We have found Him of whom Moses in the law, and also the prophets, wrote -- Jesus of Nazareth, the son of Joseph." 46 And Nathanael said to him, "Can anything good come out of Nazareth?" Philip said to him, "Come and see.“

John 7: Therefore many from the crowd, when they heard this saying, said, "Truly this is the Prophet." 41 Others said, "This is the Christ." But some said, "Will the Christ come out of Galilee? 42 "Has not the Scripture said that the Christ comes from the seed of David and from the town of Bethlehem, where David was?" 43 So there was a division among the people because of Him.

I can understand why there would be difficulty in applying these verses.

I can understand why there would be difficulty in applying these verses. Did Jesus correct the mistaken applications of these people? Why?

Jesus departure to and return from Egypt as a child was prophesied. (Mt 2:14-15; Hosea 11:1)

Matthew 2: When he arose, he took the young Child and His mother by night and departed for Egypt, 15 and was there until the death of Herod, that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the Lord through the prophet, saying, "Out of Egypt I called My Son.“

Hosea 11:1 "When Israel was a child, I loved him, And out of Egypt I called My son.

How obvious was this passage a prophecy of the Messiah?

How obvious was this passage a prophecy of the Messiah? Sometime passages have a dual meaning.

Prophecies of John the Baptist and the Messiah
Malachi, the last book of the Old Testament makes prophecy of both a messenger to go ahead of the Messiah and the Messiah Himself coming to the temple. (Mal 3:1-4)

Malachi 3: "Behold, I send My messenger, And he will prepare the way before Me. And the Lord, whom you seek, Will suddenly come to His temple, Even the Messenger of the covenant, In whom you delight. Behold, He is coming," Says the LORD of hosts.

2 "But who can endure the day of His coming? And who can stand when He appears? For He is like a refiner's fire And like launderer's soap. 3 He will sit as a refiner and a purifier of silver; He will purify the sons of Levi, And purge them as gold and silver, That they may offer to the LORD An offering in righteousness.

4 "Then the offering of Judah and Jerusalem Will be pleasant to the LORD, As in the days of old, As in former years.

Mark tells us the fulfillment of this passage. (Mk 1:2-4)

Mark 1: As it is written in the Prophets: "Behold, I send My messenger before Your face, Who will prepare Your way before You." 3 "The voice of one crying in the wilderness: 'Prepare the way of the LORD; Make His paths straight.' " 4 John came baptizing in the wilderness and preaching a baptism of repentance for the remission of sins.

Jesus tells us the fulfillment of this passage. (Mt 11:7-10; Lk 7:24-27)

Matthew 11: As they departed, Jesus began to say to the multitudes concerning John: "What did you go out into the wilderness to see? A reed shaken by the wind? 8 "But what did you go out to see? A man clothed in soft garments? Indeed, those who wear soft clothing are in kings' houses.

9 "But what did you go out to see? A prophet? Yes, I say to you, and more than a prophet. 10 "For this is he of whom it is written: 'Behold, I send My messenger before Your face, Who will prepare Your way before You.”

What is the work of one who prepares the way? (Jn 3:30)

John 3: "He must increase, but I must decrease.

Malachi speaks of one who will come in “the spirit and power of Elijah.” (Mal 4:5-6)

Malachi 4:5-6 - Behold, I will send you Elijah the prophet Before the coming of the great and dreadful day of the LORD. 6 And he will turn The hearts of the fathers to the children, And the hearts of the children to their fathers, Lest I come and strike the earth with a curse.“

The Angel Gabriel tell Zacharias the fulfillment of this prophecy. (Lk 1:12-17)

Luke 1: And when Zacharias saw him, he was troubled, and fear fell upon him. 13 But the angel said to him, "Do not be afraid, Zacharias, for your prayer is heard; and your wife Elizabeth will bear you a son, and you shall call his name John. 14 "And you will have joy and gladness, and many will rejoice at his birth.

15 "For he will be great in the sight of the Lord, and shall drink neither wine nor strong drink. He will also be filled with the Holy Spirit, even from his mother's womb. 16 "And he will turn many of the children of Israel to the Lord their God.

17 "He will also go before Him in the spirit and power of Elijah, 'to turn the hearts of the fathers to the children,' and the disobedient to the wisdom of the just, to make ready a people prepared for the Lord.“

Jesus tells us that John the Baptist fulfilled this prophecy. (Mt 11:11-15; 17:11-13; Mk 9:11-13)

Matthew 11: "Assuredly, I say to you, among those born of women there has not risen one greater than John the Baptist; but he who is least in the kingdom of heaven is greater than he. 12 "And from the days of John the Baptist until now the kingdom of heaven suffers violence, and the violent take it by force. 13 "For all the prophets and the law prophesied until John.

14 "And if you are willing to receive it, he is Elijah who is to come. 15 "He who has ears to hear, let him hear!

Matthew 17: Jesus answered and said to them, "Indeed, Elijah is coming first and will restore all things. 12 "But I say to you that Elijah has come already, and they did not know him but did to him whatever they wished. Likewise the Son of Man is also about to suffer at their hands." 13 Then the disciples understood that He spoke to them of John the Baptist.

Mark 9: And they asked Him, saying, "Why do the scribes say that Elijah must come first?" 12 Then He answered and told them, "Indeed, Elijah is coming first and restores all things. And how is it written concerning the Son of Man, that He must suffer many things and be treated with contempt? 13 "But I say to you that Elijah has also come, and they did to him whatever they wished, as it is written of him.“

Did John the Baptist understand the fulfillment of this prophecy?

Did John the Baptist understand the fulfillment of this prophecy? Since his parents knew and John was a prophet, then he would certainly know.

Did John the Baptist understand the fulfillment of this prophecy? Since his parents knew and John was a prophet, then he would certainly know. Why then did John answer “I am not” to the question “Are you Elijah?” (Jn 1:19-21)

John 1: Now this is the testimony of John, when the Jews sent priests and Levites from Jerusalem to ask him, "Who are you?" 20 He confessed, and did not deny, but confessed, "I am not the Christ." 21 And they asked him, "What then? Are you Elijah?" He said, "I am not." "Are you the Prophet?" And he answered, "No.“

Does the Bible contradict itself in this? What is the explanation?

Prophecies of Events in the Life of Christ
What an unusual scenario, the Messiah coming on a “foal of a Donkey.” (Zech 9:9)

Zechariah 9:9 - " Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King is coming to you; He is just and having salvation, Lowly and riding on a donkey, A colt, the foal of a donkey.

Mark, Luke and John mention only the colt that Jesus sat on. (Mk 11:1-10; Lk 19:28-38; Jn 12:12-16)

Mark 11: Now when they drew near Jerusalem, to Bethphage and Bethany, at the Mount of Olives, He sent two of His disciples; 2 and He said to them, "Go into the village opposite you; and as soon as you have entered it you will find a colt tied, on which no one has sat. Loose it and bring it. 3 "And if anyone says to you, 'Why are you doing this?' say, 'The Lord has need of it,' and immediately he will send it here."

4 So they went their way, and found the colt tied by the door outside on the street, and they loosed it. 5 But some of those who stood there said to them, "What are you doing, loosing the colt?" 6 And they spoke to them just as Jesus had commanded. So they let them go. 7 Then they brought the colt to Jesus and threw their clothes on it, and He sat on it.

8 And many spread their clothes on the road, and others cut down leafy branches from the trees and spread them on the road. 9 Then those who went before and those who followed cried out, saying: "Hosanna! 'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!' 10 Blessed is the kingdom of our father David That comes in the name of the Lord! Hosanna in the highest!“

Luke 19: When He had said this, He went on ahead, going up to Jerusalem. 29 And it came to pass, when He came near to Bethphage and Bethany, at the mountain called Olivet, that He sent two of His disciples, 30 saying, "Go into the village opposite you, where as you enter you will find a colt tied, on which no one has ever sat. Loose it and bring it here.

31 "And if anyone asks you, 'Why are you loosing it?' thus you shall say to him, 'Because the Lord has need of it.' " 32 So those who were sent went their way and found it just as He had said to them. 33 But as they were loosing the colt, the owners of it said to them, "Why are you loosing the colt?" 34 And they said, "The Lord has need of him."

35 Then they brought him to Jesus. And they threw their own clothes on the colt, and they set Jesus on him. 36 And as He went, many spread their clothes on the road. 37 Then, as He was now drawing near the descent of the Mount of Olives, the whole multitude of the disciples began to rejoice and praise God with a loud voice for all the mighty works they had seen,

38 saying: " 'Blessed is the King who comes in the name of the LORD!' Peace in heaven and glory in the highest!“

John 12: The next day a great multitude that had come to the feast, when they heard that Jesus was coming to Jerusalem, 13 took branches of palm trees and went out to meet Him, and cried out: "Hosanna! 'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!' The King of Israel!" 14 Then Jesus, when He had found a young donkey, sat on it; as it is written:

15 "Fear not, daughter of Zion; Behold, your King is coming, Sitting on a donkey's colt." 16 His disciples did not understand these things at first; but when Jesus was glorified, then they remembered that these things were written about Him and that they had done these things to Him.

Mathew gives more detail as he mentions both the mother and the colt were brought. (Mt 21:1-9)

Matthew 21: Now when they drew near Jerusalem, and came to Bethphage, at the Mount of Olives, then Jesus sent two disciples, 2 saying to them, "Go into the village opposite you, and immediately you will find a donkey tied, and a colt with her. Loose them and bring them to Me. 3 "And if anyone says anything to you, you shall say, 'The Lord has need of them,' and immediately he will send them."

4 All this was done that it might be fulfilled which was spoken by the prophet, saying: 5 "Tell the daughter of Zion, 'Behold, your King is coming to you, Lowly, and sitting on a donkey, A colt, the foal of a donkey.' " 6 So the disciples went and did as Jesus commanded them. 7 They brought the donkey and the colt, laid their clothes on them, and set Him on them.

8 And a very great multitude spread their clothes on the road; others cut down branches from the trees and spread them on the road. 9 Then the multitudes who went before and those who followed cried out, saying: "Hosanna to the Son of David! 'Blessed is He who comes in the name of the LORD!' Hosanna in the highest!“

Why are these accounts not a contradiction? Why would both animals be necessary?

The “lowly” Messiah is shown in this event. (Zech 9:9; Mt 11:29)

Zechariah 9:9 - " Rejoice greatly, O daughter of Zion! Shout, O daughter of Jerusalem! Behold, your King is coming to you; He is just and having salvation, Lowly and riding on a donkey, A colt, the foal of a donkey.

Matthew 11:29 - "Take My yoke upon you and learn from Me, for I am gentle and lowly in heart, and you will find rest for your souls.

The price of Judas’ betrayal was prophesied. (Mt 27:1-10; Zech 11:12-13)

Matthew 27: When morning came, all the chief priests and elders of the people plotted against Jesus to put Him to death. 2 And when they had bound Him, they led Him away and delivered Him to Pontius Pilate the governor. 3 Then Judas, His betrayer, seeing that He had been condemned, was remorseful and brought back the thirty pieces of silver to the chief priests and elders,

4 saying, "I have sinned by betraying innocent blood." And they said, "What is that to us? You see to it!" 5 Then he threw down the pieces of silver in the temple and departed, and went and hanged himself. 6 But the chief priests took the silver pieces and said, "It is not lawful to put them into the treasury, because they are the price of blood."

7 And they consulted together and bought with them the potter's field, to bury strangers in. 8 Therefore that field has been called the Field of Blood to this day. 9 Then was fulfilled what was spoken by Jeremiah the prophet, saying, "And they took the thirty pieces of silver, the value of Him who was priced, whom they of the children of Israel priced,

10 "and gave them for the potter's field, as the LORD directed me.“

Zechariah 11: Then I said to them, "If it is agreeable to you, give me my wages; and if not, refrain." So they weighed out for my wages thirty pieces of silver. 13 And the LORD said to me, "Throw it to the potter" -- that princely price they set on me. So I took the thirty pieces of silver and threw them into the house of the LORD for the potter.

The explanation of Jeremiah being mentioned could be explained in two possible ways.

The explanation of Jeremiah being mentioned could be explained in two possible ways. Not everything Jeremiah said was written. (Jn 21:25)

John 21: And there are also many other things that Jesus did, which if they were written one by one, I suppose that even the world itself could not contain the books that would be written. Amen.

Jeremiah is mention as representative of the prophets.

Jeremiah is mention as representative of the prophets. The significance of this prophecy is that the betrayal of Jesus was foretold!

The piercing of Jesus by the soldiers after His death was foretold. (Zech 12:10; Jn 19:30-37; Rev 1:7)

Zechariah 12:10 - " And I will pour on the house of David and on the inhabitants of Jerusalem the Spirit of grace and supplication; then they will look on Me whom they pierced. Yes, they will mourn for Him as one mourns for his only son, and grieve for Him as one grieves for a firstborn.

John 19: So when Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, "It is finished!" And bowing His head, He gave up His spirit. 31 Therefore, because it was the Preparation Day, that the bodies should not remain on the cross on the Sabbath (for that Sabbath was a high day), the Jews asked Pilate that their legs might be broken, and that they might be taken away.

32 Then the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first and of the other who was crucified with Him. 33 But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. 34 But one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water came out. 35 And he who has seen has testified, and his testimony is true; and he knows that he is telling the truth, so that you may believe.

36 For these things were done that the Scripture should be fulfilled, "Not one of His bones shall be broken." 37 And again another Scripture says, "They shall look on Him whom they pierced.”

This is strong eyewitness evidence of the death of Christ!

This is strong evidence of the resurrection of the righteous and the wicked at the nd coming of Jesus. (Jn 5:28-29; Acts 24:15)

John 5: "Do not marvel at this; for the hour is coming in which all who are in the graves will hear His voice 29 "and come forth -- those who have done good, to the resurrection of life, and those who have done evil, to the resurrection of condemnation.

Acts 24:15 - "I have hope in God, which they themselves also accept, that there will be a resurrection of the dead, both of the just and the unjust.

The scattering and stumbling of the Apostles at the arrest of Jesus is foretold (Zech 13:7; Mt 26:31, 55-56; Mk 14:27, 48-50)

Zechariah 13:7 - " Awake, O sword, against My Shepherd, Against the Man who is My Companion," Says the LORD of hosts. "Strike the Shepherd, And the sheep will be scattered; Then I will turn My hand against the little ones.

Matthew 26:31 - Then Jesus said to them, "All of you will be made to stumble because of Me this night, for it is written: 'I will strike the Shepherd, And the sheep of the flock will be scattered.‘

Matthew 26: In that hour Jesus said to the multitudes, "Have you come out, as against a robber, with swords and clubs to take Me? I sat daily with you, teaching in the temple, and you did not seize Me. 56 "But all this was done that the Scriptures of the prophets might be fulfilled." Then all the disciples forsook Him and fled.

Mark 14:27 - Then Jesus said to them, "All of you will be made to stumble because of Me this night, for it is written: 'I will strike the Shepherd, And the sheep will be scattered.‘

Mark 14: Then Jesus answered and said to them, "Have you come out, as against a robber, with swords and clubs to take Me? 49 "I was daily with you in the temple teaching, and you did not seize Me. But the Scriptures must be fulfilled." 50 Then they all forsook Him and fled.

The stumbling and denial by the Apostles was not unanticipated.

The stumbling and denial by the Apostles was not unanticipated. The power of the great Shepherd is also emphasized.

Prophecies of the Reign of the Messiah
The outpouring of the Holy Spirit beginning at the day of Pentecost was foretold. (Joel 2:28-32; Acts 2:14-21)

Joel 2: " And it shall come to pass afterward That I will pour out My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your old men shall dream dreams, Your young men shall see visions. 29 And also on My menservants and on My maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days.

30 "And I will show wonders in the heavens and in the earth: Blood and fire and pillars of smoke. 31 The sun shall be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the coming of the great and awesome day of the LORD.

32 And it shall come to pass That whoever calls on the name of the LORD Shall be saved. For in Mount Zion and in Jerusalem there shall be deliverance, As the LORD has said, Among the remnant whom the LORD calls.

Acts 2: But Peter, standing up with the eleven, raised his voice and said to them, "Men of Judea and all who dwell in Jerusalem, let this be known to you, and heed my words. 15 "For these are not drunk, as you suppose, since it is only the third hour of the day. 16 "But this is what was spoken by the prophet Joel:

17 'And it shall come to pass in the last days, says God, That I will pour out of My Spirit on all flesh; Your sons and your daughters shall prophesy, Your young men shall see visions, Your old men shall dream dreams. 18 And on My menservants and on My maidservants I will pour out My Spirit in those days; And they shall prophesy.

19 I will show wonders in heaven above And signs in the earth beneath: Blood and fire and vapor of smoke. 20 The sun shall be turned into darkness, And the moon into blood, Before the coming of the great and awesome day of the LORD. 21 And it shall come to pass That whoever calls on the name of the LORD Shall be saved.‘

The entrance of the Gentiles into the kingdom of God was foretold. (Amos 9:11-12; Acts 15:13-18)

Amos 9: " On that day I will raise up The tabernacle of David, which has fallen down, And repair its damages; I will raise up its ruins, And rebuild it as in the days of old; 12 That they may possess the remnant of Edom, And all the Gentiles who are called by My name," Says the LORD who does this thing.

Acts 15: And after they had become silent, James answered, saying, "Men and brethren, listen to me: 14 "Simon has declared how God at the first visited the Gentiles to take out of them a people for His name. 15 "And with this the words of the prophets agree, just as it is written:

16 'After this I will return And will rebuild the tabernacle of David, which has fallen down; I will rebuild its ruins, And I will set it up; 17 So that the rest of mankind may seek the LORD, Even all the Gentiles who are called by My name, Says the LORD who does all these things.' 18 "Known to God from eternity are all His works.

Questions to Consider:

Questions to Consider: 1. How can we know for sure when an O.T. prophecy is fulfilled?

Questions to Consider: 1. How can we know for sure when an O.T. prophecy is fulfilled? 2. What are the limitations of using the O.T without the guidance of the N.T. in understanding fulfilled prophecy?

Questions to Consider: 1. How can we know for sure when an O.T. prophecy is fulfilled? 2. What are the limitations of using the O.T without the guidance of the N.T. in understanding fulfilled prophecy? 3. Why were two donkeys used in the triumphal entrance of Jesus?

4. Was John the Baptist the fulfillment of Malachi’s prophecy of the coming of Elijah? Explain.

4. Was John the Baptist the fulfillment of Malachi’s prophecy of the coming of Elijah? Explain. 5. Was Jesus betrayal by Judas prophesied? Why does this help us in our faith?

4. Was John the Baptist the fulfillment of Malachi’s prophecy of the coming of Elijah? Explain. 5. Was Jesus betrayal by Judas prophesied? Why does this help us in our faith? 6. How did Amos’s prophecy of the Gentiles help in the debate over circumcision and the place of the Old Law in the Jerusalem?

God gave future promises of a coming Messiah through the prophets.

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God gave future promises of a coming Messiah through the prophets.

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Presentation on theme: "God gave future promises of a coming Messiah through the prophets."— Presentation transcript:

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