1. Esters and Esterification

3. Write condensed structural formulas for and name esters. Include: uses and functions of common esters Additional KEY Terms esterification

4. The functional group of esters is the ester group general formula: R–COOR' R - hydrocarbon chain from the acid R' - hydrocarbon chain from the alcohol. O O C R O carbonyl group alkoxy group R'R' made by combining carboxylic acid and alcohol

5. alcohol carboxyl acid H C-C O O H O-C ester water Esterification is a reversible reaction. DE-esterification Esterification

6. Properties of Esters: Polar covalent: < 5C (small) are soluble in water O O C R O δ + δ - Large esters account for flavour / odor of fruit Strong IMF (d-d) gives high bp/mp But lower than alcohol/acids – NO H-bonding R'R' EsterOdor isoamyl acetatebanana methyl salicylatewintergreen ethyl butyratepineapple benzyl butyratecherry benzyl acetatepeach methyl butyrateapple octyl acetateorange n-propyl acetatepear ethyl phenylacetatehoney ethyl acetatefingernail polish remover

7. · First name alcohol: change - anol to - yl · Second name acid: change - ioc acid to - oate Naming Esters 2 – names: CH 3 COOCH 2 CH 2 CH 3 propyl ethanoate CH 3 -C O \ O-CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 // alcohol acid

8. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CO + OCH 3 butanoic acid methanol CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 COOCH 3 + H 2 O methyl butanoate water OHH

10. CH 3 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 2 COOCH 2 CH 2 CH 2 CH 3 butyl hexanoate

11. Write the esterification reaction for the reaction between pentanoic acid and 1-butanol.

12. CAN YOU / HAVE YOU? Write condensed structural formulas for and name esters. Include: uses and functions of common esters Additional KEY Terms esterification