2. Deforming the Earth’s Crust: Faulting Pg. 129

3. What is a FAULT? When rock layers BREAK when stress is applied One block of rock slides relative to another

4. What is the hanging wall, Narrow base block of angled crust the foot wall? Broad base block of angled crust see page 114

5. What is a normal fault? When the hanging wall moves down relative to the footwall Occurs when tectonic forces cause tension that pull the blocks of rock apart

6. A normal fault

7. What is a REVERSE FAULT? When the Hanging wall moves up relative to the footwall Occurs when tectonic forces push the blocks of rock together (Compression)

8. A reverse fault

9. What are STRIKE-SLIP FAULTS? Form when opposing forces cause rock to break and move horizontally Example: California’s San Andreas fault

10. A strike slip fault Geologic Activity, http://www.nps.gov/pore/naturescience/geologicactivity.htm

11. Mountain Building Occurs because of tectonic plate movement

12. What are folded mountains? Form at convergent plate boundaries Make the highest mountains in the world Rock layers that are squeezed together

13. Folded mountain Layers that are squeezed together

14. Appalachian mountains The Alps Himalayan Mountains What are some examples of folded mountains?

15. What are fault block mountains? Tension causes large blocks of rock to drop down Example: Teton Mountains, Wyoming

16. Fault block mountains Grand Tetons Wyoming

17. Volcanic Mountains

18. What is uplift and subsidence? Uplift—the rising of a region of the Earth’s crust Subsidence—the sinking of a region of the Earth’s crust

19. What is Tectonic Letdown? Sinking of a region of Earth due to tension Rift zone – a set of deep cracks that form between two plates that are pulling apart

20. Formation of a Rift Valley Sequence showing how movements deep under the Earth's Crust help to create a Rift Valley