1. CyberShake Project and ShakeMaps

2. CyberShake Project CyberShake is a SCEC research project that is a physics-based high performance computational approach to Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) CyberShake is a SCEC research project that is a physics-based high performance computational approach to Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) It uses 3D seismic wave propagation simulations to predict ground motions produced by earthquakes It uses 3D seismic wave propagation simulations to predict ground motions produced by earthquakes Supercomputers are used to run complicated algorithms that can help predict ground motions Supercomputers are used to run complicated algorithms that can help predict ground motions Goal is to create maps that can predict how much the ground will move when a fault ruptures in different locations in Southern California Goal is to create maps that can predict how much the ground will move when a fault ruptures in different locations in Southern California

3. Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) Help create maps of unstable zones based on historical records of fault ruptures Help create maps of unstable zones based on historical records of fault ruptures Combines the results of millions of vertical earthquake simulations into a map that will show the distribution of how different places will be affected Combines the results of millions of vertical earthquake simulations into a map that will show the distribution of how different places will be affected Requires two inputs Requires two inputs A velocity or earth structure model A velocity or earth structure model An earthquake rupture forecast An earthquake rupture forecast The first input uses information about geologic structure of the soil which illustrates how fast seismic waves will travel though different soil and how much shaking will occur at a given location The first input uses information about geologic structure of the soil which illustrates how fast seismic waves will travel though different soil and how much shaking will occur at a given location The second input requires identifying the location of active faults and determine the recurrence interval for each fault The second input requires identifying the location of active faults and determine the recurrence interval for each fault

4. High Performance Computing High performance computation on supercomputers is required to make ShakeMaps High performance computation on supercomputers is required to make ShakeMaps 180 million tasks were ran on a supercomputer at Texas Advanced Computing Center 180 million tasks were ran on a supercomputer at Texas Advanced Computing Center By using high performance computing the CyberShake computational approach improves Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) calculations By using high performance computing the CyberShake computational approach improves Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA) calculations Wave propagation simulations can more accurately describe the ground motion distribution over a given location Wave propagation simulations can more accurately describe the ground motion distribution over a given location Wave propagation simulations provide information about ground motion intensity and how long the shaking will last Wave propagation simulations provide information about ground motion intensity and how long the shaking will last

5. Creating Hazard Analysis Maps The new hazard maps predict more shaking in the L.A. basin The new hazard maps predict more shaking in the L.A. basin Seismologist studied the soil in different locations to determine how the earthquake will affect each type of soil Seismologist studied the soil in different locations to determine how the earthquake will affect each type of soil Information of each fault is necessary for creating these maps Information of each fault is necessary for creating these maps Scientists figured out the recurrence intervals of each active fault Scientists figured out the recurrence intervals of each active fault In Southern California it is difficult to create these maps because of all the different soil and rock that exist beneath the surface In Southern California it is difficult to create these maps because of all the different soil and rock that exist beneath the surface

6. Hazard Analysis Map Uses These maps can predict how much the ground moves at different locations These maps can predict how much the ground moves at different locations Help illustrate which certain areas will be affected the most Help illustrate which certain areas will be affected the most Enable emergency response teams to determine what areas had the most damage Enable emergency response teams to determine what areas had the most damage Engineers use these maps when constructing buildings that will be able to withstand the predicted amount of shaking Engineers use these maps when constructing buildings that will be able to withstand the predicted amount of shaking

7. ShakeMaps ShakeMaps are created by the CyberShake project ShakeMaps are created by the CyberShake project Are geographic representations of ground motion made by an earthquake Are geographic representations of ground motion made by an earthquake Highlight the severity of ground shakes throughout the area around the epicenter Highlight the severity of ground shakes throughout the area around the epicenter The map shows the distribution of shaking intensity which is color coded using Mercalli Intensity maps The map shows the distribution of shaking intensity which is color coded using Mercalli Intensity maps

8. Interpreting ShakeMaps Legend Star: location of Epicenter Colored triangles: indicate reporting stations Table: Mercalli Intensity Scale rated by a roman numeral from one to twelve, twelve being the most shaking and damage

9. How to Access ShakeMaps General ShakeMaps General ShakeMaps Go to www.usgs.gov Go to www.usgs.govwww.usgs.gov Click on the yellow “Hazards” near the top of the screen Click on the yellow “Hazards” near the top of the screen Click on the “Earthquake Hazards” link Click on the “Earthquake Hazards” link Click on the link next to the “ShakeMap: Maps Depicting Shaking Intensity” text Click on the link next to the “ShakeMap: Maps Depicting Shaking Intensity” text Specific earthquake ShakeMaps Specific earthquake ShakeMaps Search the quake on Google and click a link that is from the USGS website (one of the first few links) Search the quake on Google and click a link that is from the USGS website (one of the first few links) Click on the “Maps” tab towards the top of the screen Click on the “Maps” tab towards the top of the screen Click on the map titled “ShakeMap” Click on the map titled “ShakeMap”

10. Works Cited Broadband Seismic Data Collection Center. “Glossary of Terms.” 23 Nov. 2010. Web. 20 July, 2011.. Broadband Seismic Data Collection Center. “Glossary of Terms.” 23 Nov. 2010. Web. 20 July, 2011..http://eqinfo.ucsd.edu/faq/glossary.php USGS. “ShakeMaps.” 21 July 2011. Web. 20 July 2011. USGS. “ShakeMaps.” 21 July 2011. Web. 20 July 2011...http://Earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/shakemap SCECpedia. “CyberShake.” 14 July 2011. Web. 20 July 2011. SCECpedia. “CyberShake.” 14 July 2011. Web. 20 July 2011...http://scec.usc.edu/scecpedia/CyberShake Dubros, Aaron. “Tomorrow’s Forecast: Clear with a Chance of Tremors.” Texas Advanced Computing Center. 10 Feb. 2010. Web. 20 July 2011.. Dubros, Aaron. “Tomorrow’s Forecast: Clear with a Chance of Tremors.” Texas Advanced Computing Center. 10 Feb. 2010. Web. 20 July 2011..http://cms.tacc.utexas.edu/feature- stories/2010/clear-with-a-chance-of-tremors/http://cms.tacc.utexas.edu/feature- stories/2010/clear-with-a-chance-of-tremors/ Texas Advanced Computing Center. “CyberShake.” University of Texas at Austin. Spring 2010. Web. 20 July 2011.. Texas Advanced Computing Center. “CyberShake.” University of Texas at Austin. Spring 2010. Web. 20 July 2011..http://cms- prod.tacc.utexas.edu/fileadmin/templates/SubtacctemplateStaticDropdown/images/case studies/CS_CyberShake.pdfhttp://cms- prod.tacc.utexas.edu/fileadmin/templates/SubtacctemplateStaticDropdown/images/case studies/CS_CyberShake.pdf