1. RISK BEHAVIORS AND THEIR CONSEQUENCES MISS MARKOWSKI

2. WHAT ARE THE 4 MAIN INFLUENCES ON HEALTH? 1.Heredity (genetics) 2.Environment 3.Behavior (choice) 4.Culture * 1 st 3 are the most important factors determining whether you are protected from or at risk of a health- related disease or addiction!

3. DID YOU KNOW???? More than 2/3 of ALL deaths in the U.S. are caused by 5 PREVENTABLE diseases: (can you guess them?) 1.Heart disease (high bp and arteriosclerosis) 2.Cancer 3.Stroke 4.COPD (chronic obstructuve pulmonary disease) 5.Diabetes II What will YOU DO to prevent these diseases from killing you?

4. KEY DEFINITIONS Risk Behaviors:  Something you choose to do that can threaten your health (or others’ health)  You will need to know and be able to write this definition for the test Consequences:  negative results that occur because of risk factors; they can be short term or long term  Short term (ST): over a couple hours or days  Long term (LT): over weeks, months or years

5. KEY DEFINITIONS Homeostasis!  The state of being inside your body where everything is “just right” or in balance  Think Goldilocks and the 3 bears  24/7 your body seeks to maintain homeostasis (balance) in everything  Body temperature, water level, electrolyte balance, hormone control, etc

6. WHICH ONE OF THESE PEOPLE IS MOST LIKELY TO BECOME ADDICTED? OBESE? SUICIDAL?

7. RISK BEHAVIORS AND CONSEQUENCES 1.High salt diet  Short term: thirst, retain water, dehydration  Long term: high blood pressure, weight gain, kidney stones, heart attack 2.High fat diet ST: sluggish, full/bloated, diarrhea LT: weight gain, arteriosclerosis (clogged arteries), high bp, heart attack 3.High sugar diet ST: high…then crash! (Hyper and hypoglycemia) LT: weight gain, cavities, mood swings, Type II diabetes

8. RISK BEHAVIORS & CONSEQUENCES 4. Too many calories  ST: bloated/sluggish, full, sick, tired, vomit  LT: weight gain, Type II diabetes, pain& strain on joints, high bp, heart disease, joint replacements 5. Not eating breakfast (at all)  ST: hungry, tired, distracted, overeat at lunch  LT: slow metabolsim, weight gain, poorer nutrition, learning decrease

9. RISK BEHAVIORS AND CONSEQUENCES 6. Fasting or too few calories (not yet Anorexia)  ST: hunger, irritable, depression, headache, pass out pass out  LT: slow metabolism, weight gain, anorexia?, muscle and organ damage, hospitalization, death 7. Purging (not yet Bulimia)  ST: heart burn, throat/mouth burn, swollen face/cheeks, depression, weak, pass out  LT: bulimia?, electrolyte imbalance, tear esophagus, tooth decay, digestion problems, slow metabolism, death

10. RISK BEHAVIORS AND CONSEQUENCES 8. Sadness (not yet Depression) sad, cry, changes in eating and sleep, irritable, withdraw from friends, anger  ST: sad, cry, changes in eating and sleep, irritable, withdraw from friends, anger  LT: changes in weight and sleep patterns, substance abuse, suicide, hospitalization 9. Using marijuana decreased reflexes, tired, hallucinations,  ST: decreased reflexes, tired, hallucinations, “munchies”, costs money, illegal “munchies”, costs money, illegal  LT: memory loss, permanent brain and lung damage, arrest record, jail time, weight gain, learning decrease

11. RISK BEHAVIORS & CONSEQUENCES 10. Drinking alcohol / binge drinking  ST: illegal, addiction, memory loss, accidents, STDs?  LT: addiction, weight gain, learning decrease (brain shrinkage), changes in sex drive and menstrual cycle, blackout, coma, death 11. Not getting enough sleep  ST: tired, irritable, decreased learning  LT: weight gain, lethargy, memory loss 12. Tanning  ST: costly, burn?, damages DNA in nucleus of skin cells  LT: wrinkles, damaged DNA can lead to uncontrolled cell division  Uncontrolled cell division is called CANCER!!

12. RISK BEHAVIOR & CONSEQUENCES Texting while driving (distracted driving)  Short &long term consequences same:  Car accident, property damage, ticket, arrest  Injure or kill someone or yourself  PLEASE DON”T TEXT & DRIVE!  (see video clip)

13. MAKING HEALTHY CHOICES: DECISION MAKING PROCESS Step 1- Identify decision to be made Step 2- Think about options.  Do it or Not do it Step 3- Predict consequences of each option.  Advantages/Disadvantages or a Pro/Con list  Throw out any options that could lead to trouble. If your not sure, ask yourself.  Is it against the law school or family rules, or teachings of my religion?  Is it harmful to me or others?  Would it disappoint my family or other adults important to me?  Is it wrong to do?  Would I be hurt or upset if someone did this to me? Step 4- Choose best option. Step 5- Do it. Step 6 – Rethink your decision,  How did things turn out?  Should you decide differently next time.

14. REFUSAL SKILLS 1. Say no- Do this calmly at first.  Use an expression such as “sorry, I don’t want to or I’d rather not. 2. Explain why you are refusing- state your feelings.  Tell the other person that the suggested behavior goes against your values.  KEY POINT: Reject the BEHAVIOR NOT the person 3. Suggest alternatives 4. Back up words with body language  Make it clear that you don’t intend to back down from your decision 5. Leave if necessary

15. FINAL MESSAGE YOU are in charge of YOU YOU get to decide whether or not to do these behaviors YOU have the power to make healthy choices EVERYDAY!!!