1. Era of Good Feeling Nation Building: Foreign and Domestic

2. Era of Good Feeling? James Monroe (Republican) – President (1816-24) Factions within Republicans – Old Republicans (Calhoun) – New Republicans: Federalists in disguise (Webster) Actual Era of GF: 1816-1819 – Younger generation of voters Excited with natlism, growth and little interest in Europe and wars of past

3. Connecting the States Telegraph (Samuel Morse) Roads and Turnpikes – Turnpikes (private ventures) Lancaster Turnpike link Philly and Lancaster – The Old National Road (Maryland to Illinois) 1811 Steamboats travel upriver (1807) – Robert Fulton “Clermont” Canals link rivers and lakes – Erie Canal first transportation link between East and West, 1825 stimulates commercial growth esp. of N.Y – Lower food prices in East Most important, railroads – Baltimore and Ohio 1828

4. Industry Mid 19 th c manuf. surpass agric in value Samuel Slater from GB – factory system 1791 Interchangeable parts (Eli Whitney) – Mass production (1801) Francis Lowell’s textile mill – Located in Massachusetts – Combined all steps in one factory – Used young farm women (dorms) Wholesalers control distribution and markets widen – Cheap, efficient products more important than finely finished ones. – Value of the skilled craftsman declined – Unions formed (very weak)

5. Economics and Politics Legislation – Fed and State govt help business – Encourage competition – Corporations can sell stock to raise capital – Bonds for canal and RR building The Court – Two Constant Principles The sanctity of contracts (property protected) Supremacy of federal legislation Flectcher v Peck(1810)- GA and land fraud 1 st time use unconstitutional. Uphold contract Gibbons v. Ogden (1824) – N.Y gave Ogden monopoly of ferry travel to N.J. Gibbons competes Rules: Gibbons fine. State has no right b/c interstate trade. McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)– Maryland placed tax on Bank of U.S. MY deemed BUS unconstitutional Rules: upholds the constitutionality of the Bank. Overturns a state law. Only feds can tax a fed. Institution. Fed. law supreme Dartmouth College v. Woodward (1819)—N.H. tries to change Dartmouth from private to public college Rules: charters are contracts and state cannot revoke.

6. Economics and Politics Republicans adopt some Federalist measures Protective Tariff of 1816 (nationalism) American System (Henry Clay) – establish high tariffs (for East = sectionalism) – charter a national bank (2 nd Bank) – federal aid for internal improvements Monroe object Const. not allow fed. govt. Panic of 1819 – The B.U.S. decided needed stricter credit requirements – Called in its loans, so state banks had to as well – Land speculators unable to repay loans (West hurt the most= sect.lism) – banks failed and depositors were wiped out – Monroe did nothing

7. Foreign Policy John Quincy Adams – Secretary of State Treaty of 1818 GB and US share Oregon (10 yrs) Recognize Canadian and US border Rush Bagot Agreement (1817) Longest unfortified border in the world Adams-Onis Treaty 1819 – Spain gives us Florida – U.S assumes $5 mill of debt Spain owes Americans – U.S recognizes Texas belongs to Spain Monroe Doctrine 1823 – American continents no longer subject to further colonization. – Political systems of Europe dangerous b/c so different from America – Cornerstone of U.S foreign policy with Latin America

8. Rejecting Industrialism By 1825, pop. had doubled By 1830s, 1/3 lived west of Appal. – South needs more land; East fled b/c of embargo and war; Easier transports to West; Native Amer. Land; Immigrants

9. The Missouri Compromise: The Issues House rejects unless slavery abolished (North dominates) – Tallmadge amendment gradual end of slavery in Missouri – Henry Clay compromise Wish to preserve balance between slave states and free states (Senate) Sectionalism rears its head

10. The Missouri Compromise 1820 Maine comes in free Missouri comes in slave All territory north 36’30 will be free All territory south will be slave Exposed rift between North & South

11. Economy & Sectionalism Market stimulates specialization – West farms to feed – North manufactures – South grows cotton Cotton – Bulk of the exports GB textile factories – Northern merchants benefits by providing – Transportation – Manufacturing the cloth, then selling the cloth

12. Market Economy End of self-sufficiency – Ppl went to work, not work from home Interdependence Effects – Women Work force (single women) – Domestic work or teachers; factory jobs rare – Replaced by immigrant workers Still, once married stopped working – Social mobility Wage earners vs merchants – North just as bad as South now – Slavery End to slavery? Not with cotton gin. Even Northern workers slaves to the clock

13. CW To what extent was the Era of Good Feeling a truly nationalistic era. – Provide me with a thesis Mostly, somewhat, barely – Provide me with two topics 8 pts of o.i – Provide me with the proof of a counterpt 4 pts of oi.i