1. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Representations of Lapland in French travel literature – The translator as the mediator of Otherness Merja Torvinen University of Oulu, Finland PhD Seminar: Contrasting Translation Theories and Methodologies Tallinn, Estonia, 20–22 April 2009

2. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Contents  Research questions  Research material  Theoretical framework  Research methods  Some results

3. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Research questions  The image of Lapland in historical French travel accounts and their modern Finnish translations roles, attitudes, discourses translation strategy, ideology in translation

4. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Research material  Jean-François Regnard: Voyage de Laponie (1731)  Réginald Outhier: Journal d’un voyage au Nord en 1736 & 1737 (1744)  Xavier Marmier: Relation du voyage (1842)  Translator: Marja Itkonen-Kaila  Retki Lappiin (1982)  Matka Pohjan perille 1736–1737  Pohjoinen maa. 1800- luvun Lappia ja Suomea ranskalaisen silmin (1999)

5. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Theoretical framework  critical text linguistics systemic functional grammar discourse analysis  translation studies Venutian approach sociology of translation (or sociology of translators, Pym 2004)

6. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Research methods  discourse analysis: themes and discourses  functional analysis: roles and processes (modality)  translation analysis: interview with the translator: identifying translation strategy, contextualising the TTs contrastive analysis on functional and semantic level

7. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Some results: main clauses Source texts FRMarmierOuthierRegnard MAIN CLAUSES Material192254246 Mental523774 Verbal212026 Relational89127125 Existential102011 Behavioral201416 Total:384472498 Target texts FIMarmierOuthierRegnard MAIN CLAUSES Material220282296 Mental594888 Verbal292735 Relational67110129 Existential283513 Behavioral261225 Total:429514586

8. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Some results: subordinate clauses Kohdeteksti FIMarmierOuthierRegnard SUBORDINATE CLAUSES Material116130223 Mental372576 Verbal101527 Relational265095 Existential71312 Behavioral356 Yhteensä:199238437 Source texts FRMarmierOuthierRegnard SUBORDINATE CLAUSES Material117182304 Mental302681 Verbal112534 Relational2887182 Existential51612 Behavioral959 Yhteensä:200341622

9. LANGNET, The Finnish Graduate School in Language Studies Some results: texts as wholes Source texts FRMarmierOuthierRegnard PROCESSES material52,91 %53,63 %49,02 % mental14,04 %7,75 %13,84 % verbal5,48 %5,54 %5,36 % relational20,03 %26,32 %27,41 % existential2,57 %4,43 %2,05 % behavioral4,97 %2,34 %2,23 % Target texts FIMarmierOuthierRegnard PROCESSES material53,71 %56,07 %50,63 % mental15,16 %8,87 %16,00 % verbal6,29 %5,73 %6,05 % relational15,00 %21,56 %21,85 % existential5,48 %6,28 %2,44 % behavioral4,35 %1,50 %3,02 %