1. CMS ESL Praxis Prep Approaches and Strategies

2. Some Common ESL Approaches Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) Content-based Instruction Cooperative (Collaborative) Learning Multiple Intelligences Natural Approach Task-based language teaching Whole Language Approach

3. What is an approach? 1.learning theories 2.theoretical and philosophical foundations 3.principles used for the development of methods and strategies

4. Some Common ESL Methods Audiolingual Direct Method Grammar Translation Silent Way Suggestopedia Total Physical Response (TPR)

5. Teaching Method the actual implementation of the learning theories

6. Teaching Strategy specific techniques and activities to implement a method o graphic organizers o interviews o K-W-L charts o think, pair, share

7. What theories have shaped ESL teaching? 1.Behaviorism 2.Contrastive analysis (first language interference- prediction of errors in L2=second language) 3.Error Analysis (CA, improved to include developmental language features) 4.Cognitive-Generative-Transformational (Piaget, Lenneberg, Chomsky; language acquisition device= LAD)

8. What other theories have shaped ESL teaching? Critical period hypothesis (Chomsky, Lenneberg)= once lateralization of brain occurs (in puberty) L2 acquisition becomes more difficult Humanistic psychology= a reaction to behaviorism (Mazlow, Rogers' student- centered approach)