1. United Nations Economic Commission for Africa ICT and Sciences & Technology Division (ISTD) Andre Nonguierma Needs & Prospects for Space Applications in Africa Space for African Citizens – High-Level Conference - Brussels (Belgium), 16 September 2010

2. 22 www.uneca.org Outlines Space Applications Nexus issues Challenges and Opportunities Needs & Prospects Priorities & Strategies Conclusions & Recommendations

3. 33 www.uneca.org Facts & Evidence : What We all are aware of….  A recent report from the CEOS shows that satellites provide vital means of obtaining observations of the earth system from a global perspective  And that a detailed global effort for the future will not be possible without a major, sustained, satellite component  Earth Observation is useful in constituting factual, precise and updated data in:  Enhancing Observing Systems  Providing Easier & More Open Data Access  Fostering applications development … to answer Society’s need for informed decision making

4. 44 www.uneca.org Facts and Figures – Challenges  Need for complex informations  All the information products exemplified would not be complete without the location  They need to be localized:  Where are the features located?  Who will benefit from an activity or event ? Or at risk? Where are they?  Where are the markets for the products? The input factors?  Where are the infrastructure elements, utilities, etc?  What areas are suitable (or unsuitable) for specific activities or events?  How do we move (people, products, services) from source to destination? Society’s Needs Policy Framework Required Complex Informations Food Security CAADP Land Policy Rainfall, Yield, production, Crops Distribution.. Water Resources PIDA Hydrography, topography, aquifers, waterbodies Environment NEPAD - EPF Ecosystems, biodiversity, vegetation, land cover Climate Change Clim.Dev Rainfall, temperature, wind, aerosols… Security and Emergency Africa Regional Strategy on Disaster Vulnerability, Risk Health Planning Africa Health Strategy Disease vectors, environmental factors distribution… Etc…

5. 55 www.uneca.org Facts and Figures – Challenges Core Data Poor Mapping Coverage 2.5 % of the Continent is Mapped at 1/25.000 (Compare to Europe: 100% ; Ex-URSS : 86.9%) Lack of consistency in strategy for data production Inadequate databases and dissemination of proven techniques and technologies through an appropriate information system. Weak technology awarenessPoor rate of development and transfer of appropriate technologies based on research systems Poor Retention of Individual Capacities Extreme mobility of Space Science & Technology professionals Lack of financial resourcesLow level of national incomes invested in Earth Observation Governance Lack of Coordination Redundancies in initiatives. Inadequate consultation and coordination among bodies in charge of planning and implementing actions related to Space

6. 66 www.uneca.org Source: 2008 USGS Africa Remote Sensing Study 30 /0 5/ 20 08 p6p6  Considerable Purpose-oriented datasets exist CategoriesTypesOperational Examples Raw Data ● Multispectral Satellite ● Aerial Digital ● Radar ● Hyperspectral Satellite ● MSG, NOAA, VGT ● MODIS, ENVISAT ● LANDSAT, CBERS.. ● Ikonos, QuickBird ● RADARSAT, ASAR ● National EOS ● ALOS, CBERS, Etc.. Processed Data ● Indexes ● Time Series ● NDVI (VGT4Africa) ● RFE (GeonetCast) ● LC/LU (GLC 2000) Analysed Data ● Quantity (Yield) ● Trends ● Forecasts ● Yield (GMFS) ● EWS (PRESAO) ● ZAR Facts and Figures : Opportunities (Data & Products)

7. 77 www.uneca.org  Maturity in Developing Core Operational Services DomainsProducts / ServicesTools / instrumentsOperational Programmes Water Wetlands Surface Water Ground Water Flooding MSG, LANDSAT, SPOT-XS TIGER AMESD AQUIDEV Climate Rainfall Temperature ETP MSG, NOAAAGRHYMET ACMAD AMESD ZAR Vegetation Forest cover Density Biomass MSG, NOAA, SPOT-VGT, MODIS, LANDSAT ENVISAT, RADAR, CBERS, IRS PSRN GEOLAND AMESD ACP/Obs Lands Land Cover Soils Types SPOT-XS, LANDSAT ENVISAT, RADAR Africover LADA AMESD GlobCover Topography MNT Slopes Exposition ENVISAT, RADAR, SPOT, TOPEX, AFREF EGNOS SecurityDisastersMSG ARMC UNSPIDER WFS Facts and Figures : Opportunities (Operational Services)

8. 88 www.uneca.org  Professional Skills…  Large spectrum of fields in Geospatial Sciences and Technologies  Ex: 2009 Photogrammetry15%151 Geodesy11%112 Cadastral41%424 GIS19%197 Remote Sensing7%70 Database3%35 Others (Mapping)4%42 Total100%1031 Facts and Figures : Individual Capacity

9. 99 www.uneca.org Academia Regional Centres National Centres Awarded Degrees Professionals CRASTE RECTAS RCMRD CRTS SAC Short training RECTAS RCMRD AGRHYMET CRTS SAC Hands-On training ECA AGRHYMET RCMRD RSAU SAC CRTS CSE NMA Short Training55%51 Workshops38%37 Degree7%14  Training Typology  Few institutions in training areas at engineer level  Most of the High Level training is outside of the continent  No synergy among space- related institutions Facts and Figures : Individual Capacity (Cont’d)

10. 1010 www.uneca.org  Existence of Operational Centres of Excellence  AGRHYMET  RECTAS  RCMRD  RSAU  CRASTE  National Agencies Data collection, accessibility and integration Monitoring and Assessment Inform. Diffusion & Capacity Institutions CollectAccessIntegrat ion Assess ment Monit oring Forec ast Diffus ion Capac ity AGRHYMET RSAU CRTEAN RCMRD Yes Yes/No No Facts and Figures : Infrastructural Capacity

11. 1111 www.uneca.org o All maintain geospatial activities o Same multiple bodies at national level TANZANIA EACEAC CAPE VERDE GAMBIA GHANA BOTSWANA LESOTHO SOUTH AFRICA SACUSACU SAO TOME & PRINCIPE BENIN COTE D’IVOIRE TOGO GUINEA LIBERIA NIGERIA SIERRA LEONE BURKINA FASO GUINEA BISSAU SENEGAL MALI NIGER CHAD CAMEROON CENTR. AFR. REP GABON EQUAT. GUINEA REP.CONGO CEMACCEMAC BURUNDI RWANDA DR CONGO ANGOLA CILSSCILSS ECOWASECOWAS ALGERIA LIBYE MORROCO TUNISIA MAURITANIA AMUAMU SADCSADC NAMIBIA SWAZILAND DJIBOUTI ERITREA ETHIOPIA SOUDAN SOMALIE KENYA UGANDA MALAWI ZAMBIA ZIMBABWE IGADIGAD COMESACOMESA MAURITIUS SEYCHELLES COMOROS MADAGASCAR EGYPT IOCIOC ECCASECCAS UEMOAUEMOA  Partnering Numerous Regional and Continental Bodies Facts and Figures : Institutional Capacity

12. 1212 www.uneca.org EGYPTSAt-1 ARM member SUMBANDILASAT ARM member ALSAT-1 DMC ALSAT-2A & 2B ARM member NIGERIASAT-1 (DMC) and 2 Many African countries have established national remote sensing centres and/or mapping agencies and many universities on the continent are offering remote sensing programmes. Four African countries (Algeria, Nigeria, Egypt and South Africa) have developed/acquired EOS. At least two (2) African countries - Egypt and South Africa- have active programmes in Astronomy. Facts and Figures : National Programmes Courtesy, Jide (2009)

13. 1313 www.uneca.org Where We Are and Where We Want to be?  We know what are the main gaps, bottle-necks and challenges and what deserves priority attention.  We know what are the key elements about Space Science & Technology to enhance policy decisions  We know what type of quick wins we need to implement to stimulate the usage of SST  But, No much Progress. We are not moving as fast as we should 1991 – Madrid : Transfer of remote sensing technolo gy in intertropi cal Africa. Methodo logy and requirem ents for projects success 1995 – Nairobi : Needs and Prospects of Remote Sensing in Developi ng Countries 2001 – ECA: Future orientati on of Geoinfo rmation Activitie s in Africa 2005 – AUC : Africa’s Science and Technology Consolidat e Plan of Action 2010 – Brussels : Space for the African citizen

14. 1414 www.uneca.org  Synergism Adopt a cooperative, multi-stakeholder approach to production, management, and dissemination of spatially enabled data: Regional and National level. Possibly an African Regional Spatial Data Infrastructure (ARSDI). Intergovernmental Coordinating body that oversees space activities and where stakeholders needs and expectations can be expressed and discussed Possibly an African Space Agency?  Constructive Partnership Enhance and expand International Cooperation with emphasis on Intra-African Cooperation. Develop national frameworks on space applications We want : Continent-wide Space Applications Governance

15. 1515 www.uneca.org  Multi-level long term Infrastructures and Networking  Strengthen the functions and operational infrastructures of existing regional Centres  Develop appropriate swift communication’s capacities  Indigenous Space Capabilities  A dedicated continent-wide space imaging information system owned & operated by Africa Such as the Geo.AfricaSat-1 initiative  A core African scientists and engineers involved in design, planning, development and operation of space missions and satellites systems. We want : Enabling Environment

16. 1616 www.uneca.org  Education is essential Leads to technology adoption, ingestion and use  Basic training To maintain operational capacity in space applications for technicians, managers, scientists and basic users  High Level Training Empower African youth in space science and technology culture at all education levels (schools, universities). Build a crticial mass of African space scientists (pure and applied research) We want : High-Level Education and Capacity Building

17. 1717 www.uneca.org A phased approach  Cluster 1 : We are taking advantage of existing operational data products and services  Support from Europe are central with programs such as GMES & Africa, Galileo, Eumetcast/Geonetcast  Maintain an evolutionary prototyping, translating knowledge into concrete products that meet user’s community immediate and emergent priorities and needs  Cluster 2: We are building a long-term Vision  Pan-African capabilities (both hard and soft segments)  African Holistic Strategy on Space (Space policy) The Business Focus…

18. 1818 www.uneca.org Avenue of Success  Realism…  Encourage constructive partnership involving Africans, diasporas and partners (scientific, technical, financial) US, Brazil, China, Europe, GEO, etc..  Define our areas of needs that meet donors domains of interest Carbon Sequestration, Climate change, Energy…  Paradigm shift…  Proud enough of African Initiatives and Centres of Excellence (e.g. Stellenbosch, Regional Centres, National EOS, etc…) and build on  Mull business related models (PPP) in resources mobilization for Space.  Political Support...  Before technology solutions, if there is no political will (champion) no significant result can be achieved

19. 1919 www.uneca.org Conclusion  Space Applications must go in parallel with a global vision of Knowledge generation, sharing and dissemination  Ensure that EO products permeates every aspect of society and that they are available to people who need them, when they need them.  Empower people to do as much as possible by themselves

20. 2020 www.uneca.org Contacting Us  ICT, Science & Technology Division  Andre Nonguierma, Senior GIS Officer ANonguierma@unec.org  geoinfo.uneca.org/sdiafrica/ geoinfo.uneca.org/sdiafrica/  www.uneca.org