1. Confined Space Entry

2. Safety Through Teamwork
“Nothing is so important that it can not be done safely.”

3. Training Outline Introduction OSHA Regulations General Hazards
Atmospheric Testing
Safety Procedures
Checklists
BLD 4020
Practical Evaluation

4. Introduction Confined space definition:
Is large enough that an employee can enter and perform assigned work
Has limited or restricted means for entry or exit
Is not designed for continuous employee occupancy

5. Introduction Examples of confined spaces: storage tanks pits silos
vats
tunnels
sewers
shafts
exhaust ducts

6. Introduction Regulatory Requirements
OSHA- employee safety- permit confined spaces- 29 CFR
The employer must assess the workplace to determine if hazards are present that necessitate the use of PPE

7. Permit Space Hazards
Hazardous atmosphere (too little or too much oxygen, flammable or toxic air)
Engulfment
Danger from unexpected movement of machinery
Electrocution
Heat stress
Becoming wedged into a narrow space and suffocating

8. Reducing Risks of Hazards
Develop and use a written Standard Operating Procedures for confined space rescue team
Conduct air monitoring and other tests to identify and evaluate hazards in each permit space
Ventilate, eliminate, or control the space’s atmospheric hazards before entry into the space
Lock-Out/Tag-Out ensure and place our Lock-out/ Tag out kit on were needed.

10. Preparation of Permit Space
Post signs and put up barriers to protect entrants from traffic and pedestrians
Blind or disconnect and cap all input lines so that no hazardous materials can enter the space
Empty space of any materials that may be hazardous
Verify breathing safety by air testing

11. Safety Procedures
Authorized entrants can enter a permit space only after it’s been tested and found safe for entry
The assigned entrant has to know what equipment to use- and how to use it
Once prepared, you want to get in and do the assigned task as quickly and efficiently as possible
Alert the attendant immediately if you recognize a sign or symptom of exposure to a dangerous situation

12. NFPA
7.1.4 A confined space rescue team shall be made up of a minimum of six individuals for organizations operating at the technician level, and a minimum of four individuals for organizations operating at the operations level. 

13. LEVELS OF RESUCE CERTS. AWARNESS OPERATIONS TECHNICIAN
We operate at the Technician Level

14. ASSESMENT OF THE SCENE
(1)      Hazards such as engulfment potential, environmental hazards (e.g., chemical, atmospheric, temperature), harmful forms of energy (e.g., electrical, mechanical, movement due to gravity, hydraulic), configuration hazards (e.g., diverging walls, entrapment, obstructions, trip/fall hazards), and so forth 
(2)      Risk/benefit analysis (body recovery versus rescue) 
(3)      Available/necessary additional resources 
(4)      Establishment of control zones 
(5)      Magnitude of the hazard and isolation procedures 
(6)      Effectiveness of the non-entry or qualifying entry-type rescue 
(7)      Overall safety of rescue operations 
(8)      Level of rescue response (appropriate for the type of rescue being attempted) 
(9)      Current and projected status of the planned response 
(10)      Personnel accountability

15. Site Safety Plan
                                   
A site safety plan can also provide useful information for consideration during size-up and should include the following: 
(1)      Rescue team notification 
(2)      Acceptable entry conditions for rescue 
(3)      Hazard identification 
(4)      Risk assessment of hazards 
(5)      Site map 
                  

16. Site Safety Plan
6)      Hazard abatement (including control zones, ventilation, and lock-out/tag-out procedures) 
(7)      Use of buddy system (where applicable) 
(8)      Communications (e.g., site, rescue attendant to rescue entrant) 
(9)      Command post 
(10)      Incident management organizational chart 

17. Site Safety Plan (11) Standard operating guidelines
(12)      Safe work practices 
(13)      Medical assistance 
(14)      Pre-entry safety briefings 
(15)      Pre- and post-entry physicals (if indicated)                 

18. CHECKLIST

19. CHECKLIST

20. CONFINED SPACE ENTRY CHECK LIST Rescue Sector
CONFINED SPACE IS 1. LARGE ENOUGH TO ENTER.
2. LIMITED OR RESTRICTED OPENINGS.
3. NOT DESIGNED FOR COMTINUOUS
WORKER OCCUPANCY.
CALL FOR CONFINED SPACE RESCUE TEAM & EQUIPMENT!
CONTACT ATTENDANT (WHO CALLED) YES NO
READ ENTRY PERMIT YES NO
READ MSDS YES NO
WHAT KIND OF WORK IS BEING DONE ?
WHAT ARE THE HAZARDS ?
IS THIS A RESCUE BODY RECOVERY
HOW MANY VICTIMS ?
CAN SELF RESCUE BE COMPLETED YES NO
SAFETY OFFICER CHECKED ALL
LOCK OUT / TAG OUT YES NO
MECHANICAL EQUIPMENT BLOCKED OR
DISENGAGED YES NO
LINES UNDER PRESSURE BEEN BLANKED
& BLED YES NO
IF NO THEN ACCOMPLISH

21. CHECK LIST Rescue Sector
OXYGEN LEVEL BETWEEN 19.5% % YES NO
IF NO USE PROPER PPE
READINGS
TOP % MIDDLE % BOTTOM %
LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMITS (LEL) < 10% YES NO
DO NOT ENTER IF LEL IS > 10% UNTIL YOU CAN LOWER IT
IF OXYGEN IS NOT NORMAL THAN THE LEL WILL BE OFF
TOXIC HAZARD < PERMISSIBLE EXPOSURE LIMIT
(PEL) YES NO
DO RESCUERS NEED SPECIAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING YES NO
IF YES WHAT ?
DOES THE AREA NEED VENTILATION YES NO
CONTINUOUS ATMOSPHERE MONITORING YES NO
IS THE HEIGHT > 5’ YES NO
IF YES HARNESS & LIFTING DEVICE REQUIRED
WILL RESCUERS & VICTIM NEED DECON YES NO
WILL VICTIM NEED FIRST AID, CPR,
IMMOBILIZATION, LIFTING DEVICE YES NO
WERE RESCUERS BRIEFED ON HAZARDS, EXPOSURE
SYMPTOMS, # VICTIMS, & EVACUATION WARNINGS YES NO

22. Summary What is a confined space Permit required spaces Checklists
How we are going to do it
Any questions?
Practical stations
Practical Eval.