1. Problem, Plan and Practicality
“The Problem with Pennies”

2. Listen For the Following
What are the Problem issues in this speech? (Who is our present policy toward the Penny hurting?)
What is the Plan?
How does the speaker work to prove that the plan is Practical? (show it solves the problem, anticipates objections, provides evidence of ease)

3. The Problem With Pennies
By Susan Ingraham

4. Pennies are Dead

5. Problems for Individuals
2/3 of class don’t like them
Only ½ of people surveyed use them daily
Pennies from heaven?

6. Problems for Businesses
5.5 million hours = $22 million cost
30 cents for every $1 of pennies = expensive

7. Problems for the Nation
7 billion taken out of circulation/year
Billions more in jars and piggy banks
6% of Americans throw them out
12 billion new pennies = $80 million/year

8. Solution 1) Round off purchases to nearest nickel
From the Coin Coalition
1) Round off purchases to nearest nickel
2) Round off sales tax to nearest nickel
3) Stop making new pennies
4) Cash in pennies

9. It Could Work!
Remember the Half-Cent Coin?
You Already Round Off!

10. Learning groups discussion
What are the Problem issues in this speech? (Who is our present policy toward the Penny hurting?)
What is the Plan?
How does the speaker work to prove that the plan is Practical? (show it solves the problem, anticipates objections, provides evidence of ease)

11. Problem Issue Development
Pennies are a nuisance for individuals.
EVIDENCE: class survey, U.S. Mint Survey, example of Noel Gunther from the L.A. Times

12. Problem Issue Development
Pennies are a nuisance for businesses.
EVIDENCE: Fortune magazine, National Association of Convenience Stores

13. Problem Issue Development
Pennies are a nuisance for the nation.
EVIDENCE: stats and testimony from the Treasury Dept., from the U.S. Mint, from U.S. News and World Report]

14. Plan Issue
First step is for the federal government to legalize and standardize rounding off purchases to the nearest nickel.
The next step is to round the sales tax off to the nearest nickel.
The third step is for the mint to stop making pennies.
The fourth step is for people to cash in their pennies removing them from the money supply.

15. Practicality Issue--mixed in with the Plan
Rounding off purchases: would not cause increased cost to consumers.
Rounding off sales tax: again, no increased cost; it is like rounding off to the nearest dollar on your income tax return.
Stop minting: this will save $80 million a year.

16. More Practicality
Such a plan has worked in the U.S. before; in 1857 we eliminated the half-penny.
We already practice this plan through the "Leave a Penny, Take a Penny" dishes at check-out counters.

17. Specific Purpose Statement
To persuade my audience that “X” should do “Y.”
Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that the Federal Government should eliminate the penny from the United States money supply.

18. Central Idea
The Central Idea Indicates the Main Points
I. Pennies cause serious problems for individuals, businesses and the national economy.
II. The federal government should eliminate pennies from the money supply.
Central Idea: Because Pennies cause problems for individuals, businesses, and the economy as a whole, they should be eliminated from the U.S. money system.

19. Problem-Solution This is a simple pattern
Something is wrong. [Make us care.]
We can fix it! [Show us what can be done and how we can help.]
Using your analysis
I. Problem = Problem
II. Solution = Plan and Practicality

20. Patterns of Organization
Good bye topical, good bye spatial, and good bye chronological.

21. Patterns of Organization
Hello Problem-Cause-Solution

22. Patterns of Organization
Hello Problem-Cause-Solution
-3 main points

23. Problem-Cause-Solution
Can be even stronger than Problem-Solution
It has built-in practicality impact if you can isolate the causes and addresses those causes in your plan.
Using your analysis
I. Problem = Problem
II. Cause = Problem
III. Solution = Plan and Practicality

24. Problem-Cause-Solution

25. Patterns of Organization
Hello Comparative Advantages

26. Comparative Advantages
Use only when the audience already agrees that there is a problem.
Main points are used to discuss the Practicality of each possible plan.
It is a process of elimination.

27. Comparative Advantages

28. Comparative Advantages
Introduction still does CARRP
Introduction also sets out the Problem
Be sure to include a very clear Preview of the Plans being compared

29. Patterns of Organization
Hello Monroe’s Motivated Sequence

30. Patterns of Organization
Hello Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
-Immediate Action speeches only
-5 steps with 3 main points

31. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
1st step – Introduction - ATTENTION

32. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
2nd step – 1st main point – NEED
(problem)

33. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
3rd step – 2nd main point – SATISFACTION
(plan)

34. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
4th step – 3rd main point – VISUALIZATION (practicality)

35. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence
5th step – Conclusion - CALL TO ACTION

36. Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Main Pts.
Introduction (ATTENTION) I. Deforestation is a serious problem. (PROBLEM) II. You can help solve this problem by planting trees. (SATISFACTION) III. Planting trees can make a big difference. (VISUALIZATION) Conclusion (ACTION)

37. Resources & Examples Workbook p. 70 Problem-Solution Speech on Darfur
Monroe’s Motivated Sequence Speech on bone marrow donation
In the Lucas Textbook at the end of Chapter 15
“Putting the Breaks on Teenage Driving” is Problem-Cause-Solution

38. Outside Speech Assignment
Workbook p. 135
Best Option: Campus Lectures
Expectation min. half hour
Final Assignment is submitted through Blackboard
You can earn make up classwork points but doing an extra Outside Speech Assignment

39. Go hear some Speeches!
The Challenge for an Authentic Multiracial Democracy In America - Carlos Muñoz (a founder of the Chicano Civil Rights Movement) Saturday, October 15, 2011, 8:00 Great Hall, Memorial Union
American Foreign Policy after Iraq and Afghanistan - Lee Hamilton (Former Indiana Congressman ) Wednesday, October 19, 2011, 8:00 Great Hall, Memorial Union
Feeding the World, Sustaining the Planet - Jonathan Foley (U of Minn. Institute on the Environment) Thursday, October 20, 2011, 7:00 Great Hall, Memorial Union
Horse Race Journalism: Polls, Politics, Policy and Political Advertising - Panel Discussion
Friday, October 21, 2011, 11:00 Pioneer Room, Memorial Union     
New Media and Politics: The Sphere of Influence - Panel Discussion
Friday, October 21, 2011, 1:30 Pioneer Room, Memorial