1. human being?

2.  Human beings are forced, tricked, or threatened into situations where they work for little or no pay and often are unable to leave.  Their labor and their bodies are exploited for another’s profit.  They are subjected to horrible physical, psychological, and spiritual abuse that leaves them scarred for life—if they survive the ordeal. 2

3. 1. Forced Labor 2. Sex Trafficking 3. Bonded Labor/Debt Bondage 4. Involuntary Domestic Servitude 5. Forced Child Labor 6. Child Soldiers 7. Child Sex Trafficking 8. Organ Trafficking (International Law) 3

4.  Over Twenty-seven million slaves exist in the world today  Cases in over 160 countries  And all 50 US States  Two hundred thousand people are currently enslaved in the US  Up to 17,500 new victims are trafficked across US borders each year  $150 Billion! in revenue each year 4

5.  20.9 million total (Conservative Estimate)  11.4 million (55%) are women and girls  9.5 million (45%) are men and boys.  15.4 million (74%) are adults  5.5 million (26%) are children  4.5 million (22%) are victims of forced sexual exploitation  14.2 million (68%) are victims of forced labor 5

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7.  The Trafficking Victims Protection Act (TVPA) defines “severe forms of trafficking” as: 1. Sex trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion; 2. Sex trafficking in which the person induced to perform such an act has not attained 18 years of age; 3. The recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person for labor or services, through the use of force, fraud, or coercion for the purpose of subjection to involuntary servitude, peonage, debt bondage, or slavery.  A victim need not be physically transported from one location to another in order for the crime to fall within these definitions. 7

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9.  These terms include any situation where an individual is forced to do something against their will, or where they are tricked into doing something by someone who is lying to them or suppressing the truth.  Force = Using violence to control someone  Coercion = Using threats to control someone  Fraud = Using lies to control someone  It is important to also point out that many times more than one of these ways are used to traffic an individual. 9

10. FARRELL, ET AL, 2010  Agriculture  Domestic work  Construction  Factories/Industrial  Landscaping  Retail sales industries  Entertainment  Restaurants  Domestic Victims  Forced begging URBAN INSTITUTE, 2014  Agriculture  Hospitality  Domestic service in private residences  Construction  Restaurants 10

11.  Residential/Underground Brothel Settings  Escort Services  Pimp-Controlled Prostitution  Can take many different forms and occur in many different locations  Apartments  Bars  Hotels  Massage Parlors  Parks  Residential Homes  Street-based  Strip Clubs  Truck Stops 11

12.  100,000 CHILDREN in US are exploited for commercial sex (prostitution)  300,000 CHILDREN in US are vulnerable to sexual exploitation  The average age of entry into prostitution in US is 12-14 YEARS OLD  Women, girls, boys and men can be sex trafficked 12

13. 1. Fraud/Deception: Number One Method a. Seemingly legitimate work opportunities b. False/predatory romantic involvement 2. Offers of food, housing, clothes, drugs,… in exchange for sex (survival sex) 3. Purchase of women or girls from impoverished family/guardians 4. Kidnapping (less common) 13

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15. 15 The Traffickers 12 3 4 567898

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17.  Toledo: Was #4 city in arrests and investigations related to child sex trafficking  Nearly 200 Human Trafficking investigations in Ohio since 2003  Cases in urban, suburban, and rural areas  783 foreign persons trafficked into Ohio’s labor and sex trade in any given year  1,078 American-born Ohio youth trafficked into sex trade in any given year  Nearly 3,000 American-born Ohio youth at risk for sex trafficking 17

18.  Extensive highway system  Most truck stops in nation  5 th most strip clubs in nation  Proximity to Canada  Within day’s drive to multiple major metropolitan cities  Large Minority Population  Sharply rising immigrant population  Unemployment  Poverty http://www.smart-traveler.info/sitebuildercontent/sitebuilderpictures/map_of_ohio.gif

19.  85 human trafficking investigations  113 traffickers  68 suspected buyers of sex (consumers)  98 arrests; 17 convictions; 3 under state trafficking laws  181 trafficking victims; 147 female; 34 male  4 victims under 12; 35 victims ages 14-17  71 victims ages 18-20  8 were potential labor trafficking victims 19

20. 20  Didn’t know father; Mom was alcoholic  Older, cute boy at school began paying attention to her when she was 12  “Boyfriend” began pimping her out  Other “wives” became family  Arrested 17 times; ran away from detention back to pimp  8 months in prison for federal charge  Eventually met a survivor who helped her

21.  30 year old woman with mental disabilities and her 5 year old daughter  Locked in cold basement with no access to food, water or bathroom; slept on floor; pit bulls and pythons also in basement  Let out only to work around house  Beaten, threatened with guns, loss of child  Forced to wear dog collar, locked in cage  Victim’s money and medications were stolen 21

22. 22 Supply (Slave) Customer (John, Owner) Wholesaler (Recruiter) Retailer (Pimp, Brothel, Agent) Distributer (Transport, Intermediaries) Supply SideDemand Side

23.  Lack of freedom to leave living or working conditions  Few or no personal possessions or financial records  Lack of knowledge of a given community, frequent movement  Individual owes a large debt and cannot pay it off; Unpaid or paid very little 23 Polaris Project

24.  Under 18 and providing commercial sex  Not in control of own identification documents (Passport, birth certificate)  Signs of physical abuse, restraint, branding, malnourishment, general lack of health care  Inconsistencies in Story, Claims of “just visiting” 24

25.  If you suspect human trafficking is taking place:  Look for the Red Flags  Reach out to the victim and offer support. ▪ Many victims will deny anything is happening  Inform your supervisor (if mandated reporter)  Call local law enforcement (Call 911 if someone is in immediate danger)  For child—Report to Children’s Services  Call the National Hotline: 888-3737-888 25

26.  Educate yourself more  Spread the word  If you see something, report it to 888-3737-888  Get involved, volunteer  Don’t support commercial sex  Buy used (second hand, thrift stores,…)  Buy Fair Trade! 26

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28.  Polaris Polaris  Not For Sale Campaign Not For Sale Campaign  Free the slaves Free the slaves  Shared Hope Shared Hope  Global Slavery Index Global Slavery Index  US J/TIP Office to Monitor and Combat Trafficking in Persons,TIP Report, Dept. of State US J/TIP State Resources  Ohio Dept of Health—Human Trafficking Ohio Dept of Health—Human Trafficking  Ohio Attorney General’s Human Trafficking Commission Ohio Attorney General’s Human Trafficking Commission  Ohio Dept. of Education—Human Trafficking Prevention Ohio Dept. of Education—Human Trafficking Prevention  Ohio Human Trafficking Task Force Ohio Human Trafficking Task Force 28 National Resources

29. 29 National Human Trafficking Hotline 888-3737-888 Local Resources  Be Free Dayton Be Free Dayton  Oasis House Oasis House  Abolition Ohio Abolition Ohio  Abolition Ohio Facebook Abolition Ohio Facebook Interactive Resources  My Slavery Footprint My Slavery Footprint  Free2Work Free2Work  MTV Exit Music Videos MTV Exit Music Videos  End Slavery Now End Slavery Now

30.  The Slave Across the Street by Theresa Flores  In this powerful true story, Theresa Flores shares how she was enslaved into the dangerous world of sex trafficking while she was living in an upper-middle class neighborhood in Detroit, Michigan. She discusses how she healed from the wounds of sexual servitude and she gives tips for prevention to parents and professionals. Amazon  Renting Lacy: A Story of America's Prostituted Children (A Call to Action) by Linda Smith and Cindy Coloma  Our country's children are sold on the streets, on the internet and at truck stops across America every night. They are victims of sex trafficking. Linda Smith writes about real stories and interviews with teen survivors. Let reading this book compel you to action. Amazon 30

31.  The White Umbrella: Walking with Survivors of Sex Trafficking by Mary Frances Bowley, Forward by Louie Giglio  Sex trafficking occurs daily in communities all around us. The White Umbrella includes stories of survivors as well as those who come alongside them in recovery. It is an ideal resource for individuals or organizations seeking to learn what they can do to assist victims in becoming whole again. (Amazon)  The Slave Next Door: Human Trafficking and Slavery in America Today by Kevin Bales  In The Slave Next Door we find that slaves are all around us, hidden in plain sight: the dishwasher in the kitchen of the neighborhood restaurant, the kids on the corner selling cheap trinkets the man sweeping the floor of the local department store. Weaving together a wealth of voices—this book is also a call to action, telling what we, as private citizens, can do to finally bring an end to this horrific crime. (Amazon) 31

32.  Remember HT is multi-dimensional and involves many components and related crimes  Sex trafficking, labor trafficking, immigration, human smuggling, prostitution, fraud, poverty, … 32

33. Human SmugglingProstitution Human Trafficking 33

34.  Consumer Responsibility  Free trade vs. Fair trade  Patriarchy, Gender roles and stereotypes  Poverty  Race  Class  Transnational organized crime  Globalization  Migration 34

35.  human rights  violence against women/Gender  child abuse  labor exploitation  migration  public health  economics/business model  development  crime control  social work  education, … 35

36.  Business: it's a business of supply and demand, analyze supply chains and Corporate Social Responsibility practices/guidelines  Criminal justice: examine legal framework, investigatory techniques, changing perceptions of victimization by peace officers 36

37.  Math: analysis of statistics, production of graphical information, how to produce accurate estimates using unknown/unknowable information  English/literature: analyzing survivor narratives, identifying cultural forces that facilitate trafficking 37

38.  Computer Science/IT: Analyze use of technology to facilitate trafficking or to investigate/prevent trafficking  Geography: GIS to map and track trafficking routes/process  Cosmetology/Food Service/Business Management: develop training programs to recognize/prevent trafficking 38

39.  Political Science: Analyze anti-trafficking policy/law  All Sciences: research design, data analysis, assessment and evaluation, understanding the process of HT  Sociology/Anthropology: look at socio- cultural factors, sexualization of culture 39

40. Blatant sexism in advertising

41. “Let us keep on dreaming of a better world.”

45. Toddler posing as Madonna Toddler posing as the prostitute from Pretty Woman

46. Don’t forget the falsies and foam rubber butts!

47. AbolitionOhio.org - AbolitionOhio@gmail.comAbolitionOhio@gmail.com Facebook.com/AbolitionOhio - @abolitionohio - 937-229-4326