1. Hebrews, Phoenicians, and Lydians
Chapter 2
Lesson 4

2. The Hebrews Abraham According to Hebrew Bible, God spoke to Abraham
Leave homeland and settle in a new land
Canaan
God agreed to look after Abraham and his decedents if they would worship only one God (covenant)
Monotheism

3. Abraham is believed to have been the founder of the Jewish faith
Judaism
One of the first monotheistic religions, before all other religions called polytheism
The Hebrews lived in Canaan until moving to Egypt
What happened while living in Egypt?

4. The Egyptians forced the Hebrews into slavery
The practice of one person owning another person

5. God chose Moses to lead the Hebrews out of Egypt
He gave Moses the Ten Commandments

6. The Hebrew Bible
God gave Moses five books when He gave him the Ten Commandments
Torah
The first five books of the Hebrew Bible
Provided guidance and laws for the Jewish people

7. Israel and Judah
The Hebrews lived in tribes and fought against the Canaanites
Deborah, a judge chosen by God, predicted a woman would win the war against Canaan
Women had little power at this time and Deborah became an important leader of the Hebrew Nation

8. c. 1000 B.C., King David united all the Hebrew tribes
New kingdom: Israel
Solomon, David’s son, built a temple to store the Torah and as a house of worship
Solomon took over the kingdom, he was a wise ruler and reigned during a peaceful time
Israel was successful

9. After Solomon’s death, the kingdom split
North: Israel
South: Judah
Assyrians and Babylonians conquered Israel and Judah
The people of Judah continued to practice their faith

10. Judaism Today Judaism is practiced by millions of people
They worship in synagogues
Celebrate Passover
Holiday that honors the escape of the Hebrews from Egypt
Religious Jewish leaders are called rabbis

11. Phoenicians and Lydians
When Solomon was ruling he set up trading partnerships with neighbors
The Phoenicians were one group that traded with Solomon
Trading port of Carthage
Expert sailors
Trading linked the world allowing goods and ideas to be shared

12. Important Phoenician contribution:
Modern alphabet
Most of the world used cuneiform and had around 700 symbols
Phoenician alphabet only had 22 characters
Consonants
The Greeks later added the vowels

14. Phoenician traders had trouble with payments
Every group had different ways to pay
Bartering
Bars of silver
The Lydians are believed to have invented the first coins
The value of the coin was guaranteed by the king